歷屆美國總統介紹第19任總統陸斯佛得比察海斯

1、歷屆美國總統介紹：第19任總統 陸斯佛得比察海斯Rutherford Birchard Hayes was born in Ohio in 1822. He was the 19th President of the United States. He studied at Harvard Law School and then worked as a lawyer for five years. In 1850, he moved to Cincinnati, where he flourished as a young Whig lawyer. He gained a healthy po

2、litical reputation for defending fugitive slaves and was nominated for several senior legal positions.1822年,陸斯佛得比察海斯出生于俄亥俄州.他是美國第 19任總統.他曾就讀于哈佛法學院,之后做了五年的律師.1850年, 他搬到了辛辛那提,在那里他成長成為了 一名年輕的輝格黨律師.因反對奴隸制度而贏得了良好的政治聲譽,這讓他提名了許多法律要 員.He fought in the Civil War, was wound ed in action five times. He earned

3、a reputation for bravery and rose to the rank of major general. While still in the Army, Cincinnati Republicans ran him for the House of Representatives. He accepted the nomination and was el ected by a heavy majority. Hayes entered Congress in December 1865. Between 1867 and 1876 he served three te

4、rms as Governor of Ohio.他參加了內戰(zhàn),并受傷了 5次.他贏得了英勇的稱號,并晉升為 了少將.在軍隊期間,辛辛那提的共和黨人讓他競選眾議院議員.他 接受了提名,并以絕對優(yōu)勢選舉.1865年,海斯進入了國會.1867-1876年之間,他擔任了三屆俄亥俄州州長.In 1876, Hayes ran against Samuel J. Tilden in the closest election race in U.S. history. Disputes over the vote counting meant that if all the disputed votes w

5、ent to Hayes, he would win; a single one woul d electTilden. Hayes was elected days before inauguration day after a compromise with the Democrats that he wouldremove all federal troops from the South. The final electoral vote was 185 to 184.1876年,海斯與塞繆爾蒂爾登進行了一場美國歷史上實力最 為接近的選舉.這場唱票之爭意味著如果所有的爭議投票歸海斯所

6、有,那么他將獲勝；有一票是投給蒂爾登的.選舉之后的幾天之后, 海斯進行了就職演說,在這之前他向民主黨進行了妥協,移除了在南 方的所有聯邦軍隊.最終的投票結果是185比184.Hayes pledged protection of the rights of black slaves in the South. He hoped the withdrawal of troops there would lead to reconciliation. Many Southern leaders approved of Hayes' economic policies and financial conservatism. He reformed the civil service and saw the beginning of an era of greater prosperity. He leftoffice in 1881 and died of a heart attack at his home in January 1893, aged 70.海斯承諾保護南方