(完整版)2010-2015高考英語全國卷閱讀長難句

1、20102015年全國卷中長難句分析準(zhǔn)確理解長難句是考生應(yīng)該掌握的一項(xiàng)閱讀技能。遇到長難句，我們要善于分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，先判斷句子的主干部分（主謂賓，或主系表），而句子的修飾、補(bǔ)充成分，可以先忽略不看。在理解了句子的主干意思后，再理解修飾、補(bǔ)充成分。以下是20102015年全國卷中出現(xiàn)的長難句，如果這些句子的結(jié)構(gòu)你都能理清，這些句子的意思你都能理解，今年高考英語閱讀理解就不難了！1 .（2015全國新課標(biāo)I閱讀理解B篇）Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Bro

2、wn's Grove Farmis one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where luckily for meI was planning to have dinner that very night.分析：as引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語從句，從句用了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，表語前置；when引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句；在時(shí)間狀語從句中包含了由where引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，修飾先行詞restaurant句意：眼前的西紅柿令我欣喜不已，當(dāng)我聽說朗的格魯夫農(nóng)場是杰克達(dá)斯蒂

3、餐廳的供應(yīng)商之一時(shí)， 我更加高興了。杰克達(dá)斯蒂餐廳是薩拉索塔麗思卡爾頓酒店新開張的一家餐廳一一我感到很幸運(yùn)一一 那天晚上我計(jì)劃去那吃晚飯。2 .（2015全國新課標(biāo)I閱讀理解C篇）The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.分析： The Pomp

4、idou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration 為句子的主干，bringingtogether .是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾an exhibition 0句意：巴黎的蓬皮社中心正在展出 200多幅油畫、雕塑和素描等作品，以此表達(dá)對這位藝術(shù)家及 其偉大人格的尊敬和欽佩。3 .（2015全國新課標(biāo)I閱讀理解D篇）If life weren' t a battle, people wouldn t need a special place just to speak.分析：本句If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用了虛擬語氣；主句中

5、的just to speak作定語修飾place。句意：如果人生不是一場戰(zhàn)爭，人們也不會需要一個(gè)僅僅去說話的特殊場所了。4 .（2015全國新課標(biāo)I閱讀七選五）But you can ' t be successful when there' s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.分析：本句中 when引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句；that引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，修飾先行詞a l

6、ack of trust0此外，句中還包含一個(gè)where引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞action。句意：但如果一段關(guān)系中缺乏信任，過錯(cuò)之人不為錯(cuò)誤負(fù)責(zé)，你也無法獲得成功。第1頁共6頁5 .（2015全國新課標(biāo)II閱讀理解B篇）Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self-consciOUS（ft） when they re in poorly lit placesand so more likely to eat lots of food.分析：本句中for引導(dǎo)表

7、示原因的分句，分句中 less-conscious和后面的so morelikely to eat lots of food是并列表語，分句中還有一個(gè)由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。句意：黑暗環(huán)境更容易鼓勵(lì)過量飲食，因人們在燈光昏暗的地方很少會難為情所以更可能吃大量食物。6 .（2015全國新課標(biāo)n閱讀理解 C篇）The gap-year phenomenon originated（起源）with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the

8、next academic year.分析： 本句中，句子主干是 The gap-year phenomenon originated（起源）with the months, left over to Oxbridge applicants是過去分詞短語作后置定語，between-and是介詞短語作定語，修飾的都是 themonths。句意：間隔年現(xiàn)象起源于牛津大學(xué)和劍橋大學(xué)申請?jiān)?1月份入學(xué)考試至下一學(xué)年開始前空出的那幾個(gè)月時(shí)間。7 .（2015全國新課標(biāo)n閱讀七選五）No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best

9、 on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.分析：本句是由so連接的兩個(gè)并列句；which引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，作 say的賓語；as you shop是 由as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。句意：沒人能說哪個(gè)品牌最適合你或你穿哪一雙腳最舒服，因此在購買時(shí)，你不得不根據(jù)你的經(jīng) 驗(yàn)和對每一雙鞋的感覺。8 .（2014全國新課標(biāo)I閱讀理解A篇）The challenge invites, even dares school students between the a

10、ges of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.分析：that引導(dǎo)定語從句，在定語從句中，their curiosity和how引導(dǎo)的從句并列作 show的賓語。句意：這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)賽邀請，甚至挑戰(zhàn) 5到14歲的在校生創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)品或?qū)懸黄恼?，來展示他們?好奇心，并告訴我們它如何激發(fā)他們?nèi)ヌ剿髯晕沂澜纭? .（2014全國新課標(biāo)I閱讀理解B篇）It was calculated that

11、when its population reached its highest point, there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons - a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world.第2頁共6頁分析：本句在"It be+過去分詞+that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)；從句中含有 when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句；3

12、billion passenger pigeon親口 a number equal是同位關(guān)系。此外，還有一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞短語“ making”作結(jié)果狀 語。句意：據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，當(dāng)旅鴿數(shù)量達(dá)到最多時(shí)，曾超過了30億只，這個(gè)數(shù)量相當(dāng)于美國鳥類總數(shù)的24%-40%,使旅鴿成為世界上數(shù)量最為龐大的鳥類。10 .（2014全國新課標(biāo)I閱讀理解 C篇）This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best , the people who want to improve t

13、heir lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information .分析：本句中because引導(dǎo)的是原因狀語從句，從句中while引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句；此外，which引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作 about的賓語；who引導(dǎo)賓語從句，修飾先行詞people。句意：這讓我陷入無休無止的煩惱之中，因?yàn)楫?dāng)所有的專家們都在忙著辯論哪個(gè)選擇最好時(shí)，那 些想改善自己生活的人們卻被所有這些矛盾的信息弄得困惑不堪。11 .（2014全國新課標(biāo)I閱讀七選五）By helping them develop classic skills that will

14、 serve them well no matter what the future holds.分析：that引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，修飾先行詞skills ；從句中還含有一個(gè) no matter what引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。句意：不管未來如何變化，幫助他們開發(fā)經(jīng)典的技能會對他們大有幫助的。12 .（2014全國新課標(biāo)n閱讀理解 A篇）He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting

15、all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one分析：句子的主干是 He reported the case to the police and then sat there lost and lonely in strange city 在此處為形容詞短語，作補(bǔ)語，用來補(bǔ)充形容主語he當(dāng)時(shí)的心情。thinking of為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，在現(xiàn)在分詞短語中，organized為過去分詞作 get的賓補(bǔ)，from a distant country為

16、介詞短語作狀語。 止匕外， while trying to settle down in a new one 為時(shí)間狀語。句意：他向警方報(bào)了案，然后失落孤獨(dú)地坐在一個(gè)陌生的城市里，想著要在一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的國家把所 有的材料重新整理是多么的麻煩，而同時(shí)他還要試著在一個(gè)新的國家安頓下來。13 .（2014全國新課標(biāo)n閱讀七選五）The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I ' m already hungry and there' s nothing ready to eat .分析：第一個(gè) when引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞m

17、oment, "cooking”為賓語從句，作 think的賓語；后面的when引導(dǎo)的從句由and連接的兩個(gè)并列句構(gòu)成，作句子的表語。句意：當(dāng)我已經(jīng)餓了卻沒有準(zhǔn)備好可以吃的東西的時(shí)候，我認(rèn)為做飯是一種痛苦。14 .（2013全國新課標(biāo)I C篇）However, he then went on to talk about Mr Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all. I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.分析：本句中in a way為介

18、詞短語作方式狀語；which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞way; he had noidea of his background at all為省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語從句，作 suggested的賓語。句意：但是他接下來談?wù)搳W巴馬的方式表明他對奧巴馬的背景一無所知。15 .（2013全國新課標(biāo)n閱讀理解 A篇）It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn't overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing

19、opinions again.分析：本句中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句中 when引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句，which引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句，指代先行詞overreact。句意：它進(jìn)一步要求，當(dāng)碰到與自己相反的意見時(shí)，醫(yī)生不能反應(yīng)過度，那樣可能會讓其他醫(yī)生 下次不敢說出自己的看法。16 .（2013全國新課標(biāo)n閱讀理解 B篇）Today the “Fringe” , once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre, music and dance on eve

20、ry one of the 21 days it lasts.分析：本句中"once less recognized"為省略句，省略了 it was；此外還含有一個(gè) with sth. on結(jié)構(gòu)， on在此處意為“上演" ；"it last”是定語從句，修飾先行詞21dayso句意：曾經(jīng)不被怎么人們認(rèn)可的“藝穗節(jié)”如今的規(guī)模已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超越了藝術(shù)節(jié)，在藝為期21天的活動中，每天要上演約1500場戲劇、音樂和舞蹈。17 .（2013全國新課標(biāo)n閱讀理解 C篇）Given that many people's moods （情緒）are regulate

21、d by the chemical action of chocolate, it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drug store of Chinese medicine.分析：given that意為"考慮到，鑒于情況”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；主句中還含有一個(gè)before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。句意：鑒于很多人的情緒是由巧克力的化學(xué)作用來調(diào)節(jié)的，那么有人把巧克力商店做成好像中藥 店一樣可能只是個(gè)時(shí)間問題了。18 .（2012全國新課標(biāo)閱讀理解

22、 B篇）Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest.第4頁共6頁分析：Once引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，waiting from time to time for為現(xiàn)在分詞短語做伴隨狀語；as引導(dǎo)的是原因狀語從句。句意：一旦吸引了他們的注意，它就飛過森林，并時(shí)不時(shí)地等著那好奇的動物或人跟上來，因?yàn)?它要帶著他們找到蜂巢。19 .（2012全國新課標(biāo)閱讀理

23、解 C篇）An actor and actress stood infront of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the water's edge on an island.分析：so that引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句；as if引導(dǎo)的是表語從句。句意：一名男演員和一名女演員站在場景前，好讓他們看起來像是站在一個(gè)小島的水邊。20 .（2011全國新課標(biāo)11讀理解 C篇）They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living c

24、osts and a falling economy（經(jīng)濟(jì)），have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time.分析： 句子主干是 They are among the growing number of Americans driven by higher 是過去分詞短 語作定語，修飾 Americans； "who,have taken up vegetablegardenincfor the first time" 是定語從句，修飾 Americanso句意：越來越多的美國人迫于生活成本的上升和經(jīng)濟(jì)的衰退，首次開

25、始經(jīng)營蔬菜園子，他們就在 其中。21 .（2011全國新課標(biāo)11讀理解 D篇）When you join the them in our Revenue Administration Unit, you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division, dealing with post and other general duties.分析：when引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句；“dealing with”是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。句意：當(dāng)你加入我們財(cái)務(wù)管理單位的這團(tuán)隊(duì)，你將協(xié)助財(cái)務(wù)部各部門的工作，處理郵件和

26、其他日常 事務(wù)。22 .（2010大綱卷II閱讀理解 A篇）One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them.分析： 本句中 that 弓I導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞 the thing, that she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them.中that引導(dǎo)表語從句，to后又接一個(gè)賓語從句，表示無論是誰生病，and并列would go和be with。句意：最感動我的一件事情是無論誰

27、生病了，狗狗都在其身邊陪伴著他。23 .（2010大綱卷n閱讀理解 C篇）Mr. Wei, a manager of a newly-opened ski resort in Beijing, sees the growth of an industry that could第5頁共6頁soon lead Chinese to head for the ski resorts of Europe, In recent years ski resorts offering natural snow have opened in China.分析： a manager of a newly-opened ski resort in Beijing 作為 Mr. Wei 的同位語，that could soon lead Chinese to head for the ski resorts of Europe 弓 I導(dǎo)