實驗室常用英文術(shù)語

1、實驗室常用英文術(shù)語1. 1.當你進入國外的實驗室之前， 如果不能熟練掌握實驗過程中相關(guān)物品的英文名稱及讀音，你與同處一室的技術(shù)人員之間必將產(chǎn)生強烈的交流障礙，實驗效率也將因此大打折扣。這里我匯總了數(shù)篇文章的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，并結(jié)合自己實驗室的情況，補充了大量詞匯，希望對即將出國留學的生物學科研人員有所幫助。歡迎大家補充指正。資料. 容器與耗材( vessel & consumable material )玻璃活塞stopcock試齊U瓶 reagent bottles玻棒 glass rod小瓶vial量杯 measuring cup燒杯beaker量筒 measuring flask/mea

2、suringcylinderer土甘期 crucible州禺鉗 crucible clamp試管 test tube漏斗 funnel比色皿cuvette魚缸 aquarium燒瓶flask錐形瓶 conical flask塞子 stopper/plug洗并p plastic wash bottle攪拌棒 stirring rod容量瓶 volumetric flask/measuringflask移液管(one-mark) pipette吸液管pipette濾器filter濾名氏 filter paper培養(yǎng)皿 culture dish移液槍 pipette移液槍槍頭pipette tips

3、剃刀刀片razor blade手術(shù)刀scalpel垃圾袋 disposable bag垃圾桶 garbage bin橡皮筋 rubber band托盤Tray車呂箔 aluminium foil洗耳球 rubber suction bulb保鮮膜 preservative film研磨缽 mortar研杵pestle小滴管 dropper蒸儲裝置 distilling apparatus桶 bucket廣口瓶 wide-mouth bottle離心機轉(zhuǎn)子rotor試管架 test tube holder/rack酒精燈 alcohol burner酒精噴燈 blast alcohol burn

4、er攪拌裝置 stirring device石蠟封口膜Parafilm微量離心管（EP管）Eppendorf tube載玻片Slide蓋玻片 Cover glass離心管 Centrifuge tube電泳槽Gel tank電線 Electrical leads牙簽 Toothpick螺絲釘Screw鎖緊螺母Nut, Cap nut復(fù)印紙Copy paper復(fù)寫紙 Carbon paper釘 Nail試管刷 test-tube brush計時器Timer鬧鐘 Alarm clockU 形釘 Staple衣服掛鉤Coat hanger電泳用的梳子Comb扳手 Shifting spanner訂書

5、機Stapler訂書釘staple圓珠筆芯Refill燈?U Globe記號筆 marker pen注射器 syringe注射器活塞 plunger鐵架臺 iron support萬能夾 extension clamp止水夾 flatjaw pinchcock圓形漏斗架 cast-iron ring橡膠管 rubber tubing藥匙 lab spoon鐐子 forceps/ tweezers蜂鳴器buzzer架子shelf剪刀 scissor打孑L器 stopper borer移液吸管 serological pipette血球計數(shù)板 hemocytometerpH 試名氏 univers

6、al ph indicator paper稱量紙 weighing paper透明月聲帶 sellotape篩子 sieve網(wǎng)眼mesh格子grid擦鏡紙 wiper for lens水冷艮溫度計 mercury-filled thermometer白大褂 white gown真空泵 vacuum pump水浴鍋 water bath kettle口罩 respirator電極 electrode陽極，正極anode陰極，負極cathode.實驗操作(manipulation ):丟棄 discard轉(zhuǎn)移容器decant吸出 aspirate吹吸 blowing and suction離心收集

7、 pelletresuspend絮狀沉淀 flocculent precipitate渾濁的turbid烘 bake滅菌 sterilize均質(zhì)化 homogenize分裝 aliquot培養(yǎng)foster通風 ventilate冷去口 chill down稀釋dilute洗月elute孵育 incubate超聲破碎 ultrasonication淬滅 quench裂解物Lysate沉淀物Sediment上清 Supernatant小滴 droplet一批 batch色譜 chromatograph沉淀 precipitate接種 inoculate探針probe蒸儲 distil/distil

8、l攪拌 Stir/agitate旋轉(zhuǎn) swirl/ spin中和 neutralize校準 calibrate平衡 equilibrate結(jié)塊、塊斗犬沉淀clump粘稠的viscous漂洗rinse脫水 dehydrate發(fā)酵 fermentation溶解 dissolve燃燒 combustion水解 hydrolysis過濾 filtrate濃縮 condense催化劑catalyst研磨 grind破碎 crush催化彳用catalysis分角d dissolution渦旋震蕩Vortex電泳 Electrophoresis抽濾 suction filtration電轉(zhuǎn)化 electro

9、transformation收菌 harvest切碎 chop/mince灌注 perfusion漿液slurry恒溫循環(huán)儀 Thermostatic circulator空調(diào)機 Air conditionerpH 計 pH meter照度計(測量熒光素酶酶活)luminometer磁力攪拌器 magnetic stirrer烘箱oven微波爐 microwave oven電磁爐 electromagnetic oven凝膠系統(tǒng)Gel system電子天平 Electronic balance轉(zhuǎn)接器Adapter離心機 centrifuge蓋子 lid/ cap封口設(shè)備 Sealing equ

10、ipment復(fù)印機 Duplicator, copying machine超凈工作臺 super clean bench通風櫥 fume cupboard藥柜 Cupboard.儀器(apparatus )高壓蒸汽滅菌器autoclave電泳電源 Electrophoresis power supply紫外燈 Ultraviolet illumination真空泵 Vacuum pump天平 balance/scale分析天平 analytical balance臺秤 platform balance渦旋振蕩器 Vortexing machineCO2 培養(yǎng)箱 CO2 Incubators電子

11、顯微鏡 Electro Microscopy電泳儀 Electrophoresis System恒流泵 constant flow pump解剖鏡 anatomical lensPCR 儀 Thermocycler倒置顯微鏡 Inverted Microscope核磁共振波譜儀 Nuclear MagneticResonance Spectrometer光學顯微鏡 Optical Microscopy搖床Shaker培養(yǎng)箱incubator超濾器 Ultrahigh Purity Filter超低溫冰箱 Ultra-low TemperatureFreezer超聲破碎儀 Ultrasonic

12、Cell Disruptor紫外觀察燈Ultraviolet Lamp紫外-可見 光分光光度計 UV-VisibleSpectrophotometer計算器 calculator/numerator四.化學試劑（reagent ）1、氨基酸丙氨酸 alanine (Ala, A)繳氨酸 valine (Val, V)亮氨酸 leucine (Leu, L)異亮氨酸 isoleucine (Ile,I) 脯氨酸 proline (Pro, P) 苯丙氨酸 phenylalanine (Phe, F) 色氨酸 tryptophan (Trp, W) 蛋氨酸 methionine (Met, M)

13、甘氨酸 glycine (Gly, G) 絲氨酸 serine (Ser, S) 蘇氨酸 threonine (Thr, T) 半胱氨酸 cysteine (Cys, C) 酪氨酸 tyrosine (Tyr, Y)天冬氨酸 asparagines (Asn, N)谷氨酰胺 glutamine (Gln, Q)賴氨酸 lysine (Lys, K)精氨酸 arginine (Arg, R)組氨酸 histidine (His, H)天冬氨酸 aspartic acid (Asp, D)谷氨酸 glutamic acid (Glu, E)2、核甘酸腺昔 adenosine鳥喋吟核昔guanosi

14、ne胞昔 cytidine胸腺喀咤脫氧核昔thymidine尿口密咤核昔 uridine脫氧deoxy-兩性霉素amphotericin氨茉 Ampicillin月干素heparin卡那霉素 Kanamycin胰蛋白酶Trypsin澳化乙錠 ethidium bromide胰島素Insulin樹脂resin糖類 saccharide蔗糖 Sucrose醋酸鉀 Potassium acetate異丙醇 Isopropanol醋酸鏤 Ammonium acetate異戊醇 Isoamyl alcohol氯仿 Chloroform甲醇 methanol遺傳霉素 geneticin糖原 glycoge

15、n血1# serum高鎰酸鉀 potassium hypermanganate考馬斯亮藍 Coomassie brilliant blue液氮 liquid nitrogen3、其他化學試劑二甲苯 Xylene冰乙酸 Acetic acid glacial硼酸 Boric acid氯化鈣 Calcium chloride疏基乙醇 mercaptoethanol咪陛 Imidazole鹽酸月瓜 guanidine hydrochloride無水乙醇 absolute ethanol乙酸鈉 Sodium acetate氯化鈉 Sodium chloride生理鹽水 physiological sa

16、line洗滌劑detergent十二烷基磺酸鈉 Sodium dodecylsulphate鹽酸 hydrochloric acid氫氧化鈉 sodium hydrate/hydroxide胰蛋白月東Tryptone酵母提取物yeast extract瓊脂Agar甘¥由 glycerin內(nèi)毒素 endotoxin次氯酸鈉clorox苯酚phenol陰離子anion堿Talkalinity實驗室常用英語-化學生物類1.2.來美國學習遇到了一個很郁悶的事：走進實驗室跟別人交流非常困難，自己做實驗也是磕磕碰碰。一個很大的原因就是一些實驗儀器或是藥品的名稱不知道怎么說，以前學英文從來沒有學這

17、些內(nèi)容。郁悶之余，我在網(wǎng)上搜集了一些相關(guān)儀器和藥品的中英對照，與大家一起學習分享，希望對學化學生物類的朋友有些幫助。 由于藥品種類繁多，各人使用相關(guān)也很大，以下僅列儀器部分。容器類:量杯 measuring cup燒杯beaker不銹車W杯 stainless-steel beaker量筒measuringflask/measuringcylinder量筒graduatedflask/measuringcylinder土甘期 crucible叫% crucible pot, melting pot試管 test tube試管架 test tube holder漏斗funnel分液漏斗 sepa

18、ratory funnel燒并瓦flask錐形瓶 conical flask塞子 stopper洗并p plastic wash bottle州禺鉗 crucible clamp滴定管burette玻璃活塞stopcock冷凝器 condenser試齊U瓶 reagent bottles玻棒 glass rod攪拌棒 stirring rod蒸儲燒瓶 distilling flask碘量瓶 iodine flask表面皿 watch glass蒸發(fā)皿 evaporating dish容量瓶 volumetric flask/measuringflask移液管(one-mark) pipette

19、刻度移液管 graduated pipettes稱量瓶 weighing bottle吸液管pipette濾管filter天平 balance/scale分析天平 analytical balance臺秤 platform balance游碼 crossbeams and sliding weights酒精燈 alcohol burner酒精口燈 blast alcohol burner攪拌裝置 stirring device洗耳球 rubber suction bulb研磨缽 mortar研磨棒pestle瑪瑙研缽 agate mortar瓷器 porcelain白名田口瓶 flint gl

20、ass solution bottle withstopper滴瓶 dropping bottle小滴管 dropper蒸儲裝置 distilling apparatus蒸發(fā)器 evaporator試驗用器材:升降臺lab jack鐵架臺 iron support萬能夾 extension clamp蝴蝶夾 double-buret clamp雙頂絲 clamp regular holder止水夾 flatjaw pinchcock圓形漏斗架 cast-iron ring移液管架pipet rack試管架tube rack沸石 boiling stone橡膠管 rubber tubing藥匙

21、lab spoon鐐子 forceps土甘蝸鉗 crucible tong剪刀 scissor打孑L器 stopper borer石棉網(wǎng) asbestos-free wire gauze電爐絲 wire coil for heater脫月旨棉 absorbent cottonphph 試名氏 universal ph indicator paper濾名氏 filter paper稱量紙 weighing paper擦鏡紙 wiper for lens秒表 stopwatch量杯 glass graduates with scale白滴定管（酸） flint glass burette with

22、glass stopcock棕色滴定管（酸） brown glass burettewith glass stopcock白滴定管（堿） flint glass burette foralkali棕色滴定管（堿）brown glass burette foralkali比重瓶 specific gravity bottle水冷艮溫度計 mercury-filled thermometerph 計 ph meter折光儀 refractometer真空泵 vacuum pump冷、熱浴bath離心機 centrifuge口罩 respirator防毒面具 respirator、gasmask磁力

23、攪拌器 magnetic stirrer電動攪拌器 power basic stirrer烘箱oven閃點儀 flash point tester馬弗爐furnace電爐heater微波爐電熱套heating mantleBunsen burner 本生燈product化學反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物apparatus 設(shè)備PH indicator PH 值指示劑，氫離子（濃度的）matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper石蕊試紙burette 滴定管retort 曲頸甑still蒸儲釜cupel 烤缽負指數(shù)指示劑analysis 分解fractionation 分儲endothermic

24、reaction吸熱反應(yīng)exothermic reaction放熱反應(yīng)precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸儲distillation 蒸儲to calcine煨燒to oxidize氧化alkalinization 堿化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脫氧，氧化to neutralize中和to hydrogenate 氫化to hydrate 水合，水化to dehydrate脫水fermentation發(fā)酵solution 溶解combustion 燃燒fusion, melting 熔解alka

25、linity 堿性isomerism, isomery 同分異物現(xiàn)象化學反應(yīng):hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 電解electrode 電極anode 陽極，正極cathode 陰極，負極catalyst 催化劑catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer還原齊Udissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的儀器中英文對照Aging Property Tester老化性能測定儀Amino Acid Analyzer氨基酸組成分析儀Analyzer for Clinic Medicine Conc

26、entration臨床藥物濃度儀Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 原子吸收光譜儀Atomic Emission Spectrometer 原子發(fā)射光譜儀Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy 原子熒光光譜儀Automatic Titrator自 動滴定儀Basic Physics 基本物理量測定Biochemical Analyzer生化分析儀Biochemicalanalysis生物技術(shù)分析Bio-reactor 生物反應(yīng)器Blood-gas Analyzer血氣分析儀Centrifuge 離心機ChemiluminescenceAppa

27、ratus化學發(fā)光儀CHN Analysis 環(huán)境成分分析儀CO2 Incubators CO2 培養(yǎng)箱Combustion PropertyTester 燃燒性能測定儀Conductivity Meter 電導儀Constant Temperature Circulator 恒溫循環(huán)泵Direct Current Plasma Emission Spectrometer直流等離子體發(fā)射光譜儀DNA Sequencers DNA測序儀DNA synthesizer DNA合成儀Electrical Property Tester 電性能測定儀Electro Microscopy 電子顯微鏡El

28、ectrolytic Analyzer 電解質(zhì)分析儀Electron Energy Disperse Spectroscopy 電子能譜儀Electron Paramagnetic ResonanceSpectrometer電子順磁共振波譜儀Electrophoresis 電泳Electrophoresis System 電泳儀ELIASA 酶標儀Energy Disperse Spectroscopy 能譜儀Fermenter 發(fā)酵罐Flow Analytical and Process AnalyticalChemistry流動分析與過程分析Fraction Collector 部分收集器

29、FreezeDrying Equipment 凍干機FT-IR Spectrometer 傅里葉變換紅外光譜儀FT-Raman Spectrometer 傅里葉變換拉曼光譜儀Gas Analysis 氣體分析Gas Chromatograph 氣相色譜儀GC-MS 氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀Gel PermeationChromatograph 凝膠滲透色譜儀HighPressure/Performance Liquid Chromatography高壓 /效液相色譜儀Hybridization Oven 分子雜交儀ICP-MS ICP- 質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀Inductive Coupled Plasma

30、Emission Spectrometer電感偶合等離子體發(fā)射光譜儀Instrument for Nondestructive Testing無損檢測儀Instrument for Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR 儀Inverted Microscope 倒置顯微鏡Ion Chromatograph 離子色譜儀Isotope X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer 同位素 X 熒光光譜儀LC-MS 液相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀Mass Spectrometer 質(zhì)譜儀Mechanical Property Tester 機械性能測定儀Metal/ma

31、terial elemental analysis 金屬 /材料元素分析儀Metallurgical Microscopy 金相顯微鏡Microwave Inductive Plasma Emission Spectrometer微波等離子體光譜儀Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer核磁共振波譜儀Optical Microscopy 光學顯微鏡Optical PropertyTester 光學性能測定儀Other/Miscellaneous其他Particle Size Analyzer粒度分析儀PCR Amplifier PCR 儀Peptide s

32、ynthesizer 多肽合成儀pH Meter pH 計PhysicalProperty Analysis 物性分析Polarograph 極譜儀Protein Sequencer 氨基酸測序儀Rheometer 流變儀Sample Handling 樣品處理Scanning Probe Microscopy FG|8oU 掃描探針顯微鏡及蛋白質(zhì)的測序和合成儀Sensors 傳感器Sequencers and Synthesizers for DNA and Protein DNAShaker 搖床Size Exclusion Chromatograph 體積排阻色譜Surface Scie

33、nce 表面科學SurfaceAnalyzer 表面分析儀Thermal Analyzer 熱分析儀Thermal Physical Property Tester 熱物理性能測定儀Ultrahigh Purity Filter 超濾器資料Ultra-low Temperature Freezer超低溫冰箱Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor超聲破碎儀Ultraviolet Detector紫外檢測儀UltravioletLamp紫外觀察燈Urine Analyzer尿液分析儀UV-Visible Spectrophotometer紫外-可見光分光光度計Viscometer 粘度

34、計Voltammerter 伏安儀Water Test Kits水質(zhì)分析儀X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer X射線熒光光譜儀X-RayDiffractomer X射線衍射儀分子生物學實驗室常用儀器物品英文詞匯口卓 respirator試驗管tube耐酸橡膠手套rubber gloves試管架 test tube rack藥匙 lab spoon洗并p plastic wash bottle鉗子 pliers玻璃攪棒 glass stirring stick扳子 spanne研缽 mortars螺絲刀 screw driver研棒 pestles多用電源插座 multi-purpose socket冰盒ice box復(fù)印紙 copy paper液氮罐 Dewar flask筆記本 note book記號筆 marker pen培養(yǎng)皿 culture dish夾子clip皮氏培養(yǎng)皿 petri dish擦鏡紙 wiper for lens培養(yǎng)三角瓶 culture flask標簽紙 paper label接種環(huán) inoculating loop打火機lighter接種針 inoculating needle溫度計 thermometer過濾滅菌器 sy