動(dòng)詞的變化規(guī)則

1、動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行時(shí)1 .通常在動(dòng)詞后加ing。如playplaying2 .以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去e加ing。如make making3 .以輔元輔結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，雙寫(xiě)末尾字母，再加ing。如runrunning4 .以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變ie為y,再加ing。如lie lying 注：travel / quarrel 可雙寫(xiě)l ,也可不雙寫(xiě)。如travel travelling / traveling動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式規(guī)則變化大全：1 e結(jié)尾的情況：e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞, 直接加 d: smile-smiled; hope-hoped.ie結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞，直接加d: died;tied.2雙輔音結(jié)尾的情況：兩個(gè)輔音字母(

2、consonant)結(jié)尾的，直接加ed: helped; learned.3兩個(gè)元音+一個(gè)輔音結(jié)尾的情況：兩個(gè)元音(vowels:a,e,i,o,u)加一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接加ed:rained; heated.4 一個(gè)元音+一個(gè)輔音結(jié)尾的情況：一個(gè)元音(vowel)加一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞：(1)對(duì)單音節(jié)(one-syllable) 單詞，雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)輔音字母加ed.stopped; planned;(2)對(duì)雙音節(jié)(two-syllable) 單詞，如果重讀在第一個(gè)音節(jié)處，不雙寫(xiě)加ed.如：visited( 重讀在vis前)；offered( 重讀在of前)；（3）對(duì)雙音節(jié)（two-s

3、yllable） 單詞,如果重讀在第二個(gè)音節(jié)處，雙寫(xiě)詞尾輔音字母加 ed.如：preferred（ 重讀在fer前）；admitted（ 重 讀在 mit 前）；referred; deferred;5 y結(jié)尾的情況：元音+y結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞，直接加ed: played; enjoyed.輔音+y 結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞,y 變 i 力口 ed: worried;studied.1 .把動(dòng)詞原形中的i改為a,變成過(guò)去式。如：begin-began,drink -drank,givegave,ring rang ,singsang, sit sat , swim swam2 .把重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中的i改為o,變成過(guò)去式。如

4、：drive drove, ride rode, write wrote3 .改動(dòng)詞原形中的aw /ow為ew,變成過(guò)去式。如：draw drew, grow grew, know knew, throw threw （動(dòng)詞 show 除外，show- showed）4 .動(dòng)詞原形中的e改為o,變成過(guò)去式。如：get got,forget forgot5 .動(dòng)詞原形中的ee改為e,變成過(guò)去式。如：feed fed , meet： met6 .動(dòng)詞原形中的eep改為ept,變成過(guò)去式。如：keep kept, sleep slept , sweep- swept7 .動(dòng)詞原形中的eak改為oke

5、,變成過(guò)去式。如：break broke , speakspoke8 .動(dòng)詞原形中的ell改為old ,變成過(guò)去式。如：sell sold ,tell -told9 .動(dòng)詞原形中的an改為oo,變成過(guò)去式。如：stand stood, understand understood10 .以ought和aught結(jié)尾，且讀音是:t的過(guò)去式。如：bring brought , buy bought, think thought , catch-caught, teach taught11 .以ould結(jié)尾且讀音為ud的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。如：can could , shall should , will

6、 would12 .把動(dòng)詞原形中的o改為a,變成過(guò)去式。如：come cam0 become- became13 .在動(dòng)詞原形后加d或t變成過(guò)去式，并且發(fā)生音變。如：hearhi heardh :d，sayseisaid sed，mean mi:n meantment14 .動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式與動(dòng)詞原形一樣。如：let let , must must, put put, readreadred15 .不符合上述規(guī)律的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。如：am, iswas, arewere, build built , dodid , eatate ,fall fell , feel felt , find found

7、, fly flew , gowent, have /hashad, holdheld , leave left , make made may might, run ran , seesaw, take took名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則一、可數(shù)名詞都有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分。A:規(guī)則的可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則：1 . 一般情況加 s : book- books mouth-mouthshouse-houses girl-girls2 .以 s、sh 、ch、x 結(jié)尾的加 es : class- classes boxboxes match-matches3 .輔音字母+ y結(jié)尾的變y為i加es： city-c

8、itiescountry-countries party-partiesfactory-factories4 .以 o 結(jié)尾的詞 +es 的只有以下詞 ：heroes Negroes tomatoes potatoes zeroes/zeros以o結(jié)尾并且詞尾有兩個(gè)元音字母 +s radios, zoos, bamboos ,(pianos ,kilos photos)5 .以f, fe結(jié)尾的變f或fe為v +es :thief wife life knife wolf half leaf shelfThe thief ' s wife killed three wolves with

9、 some leaves andknives in half of her life.B:名詞詞尾的讀音規(guī)則：A.在p t k f等清輔音后讀s cups, hats , cakes , roofsB.在s z / t/ 等音后讀iz glasses, faces, roses.C.在其他情況下讀作z beds days cities knives.D.以th結(jié)尾的詞原來(lái)讀加詞尾后多數(shù)讀如：mouth mouths path paths ;但是也有不變化的，如：month -months, ninth -ninths,youth youths. men, woman women, tooth teeth, foot feet, goose geese child