江蘇中考英語時態(tài)總結(jié)

1、時態(tài)的一般用法1. 一般現(xiàn)在時 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作. We always care for each other and help each other. 表示現(xiàn)在存在的狀態(tài)。 The Yangtze River rises in Qinghai. 表示自然規(guī)律、科學(xué)事實(shí)、客觀存在、諺語格言等，Light travels faster than sound.2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：表示說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作或現(xiàn)階段一直在進(jìn)行的動作。 Hes showing a foreign guest round the city. Were practising spoken English this week

2、.3一般將來時：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或情況。 When will you be able to give us an answer?4一般過去時表示過去已發(fā)生的但與現(xiàn)在沒關(guān)系的事情，動作或情況(包括習(xí)慣性動作)。 He worked in the factory for 3 years. 表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的或習(xí)慣性動作。 She often came to help us. 常用一般過去時具體談?wù)撌虑榘l(fā)生的時間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因等情況。 When did the accident happen?5現(xiàn)在完成時 表示過去開始發(fā)生一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響。 We have lived s

3、eparately since last year. 某些表示時間的詞匯或短語常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。如：lately，so far，in/over/for the past/last few year等。 I havent had enough sleep lately. The scientist is doing experiments no one has so far attempted.6過去進(jìn)行時 表示過去某時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作。 What were you doing at nine last night? 常用過去進(jìn)行時來描述故事發(fā)生的背景。One day，we were walk

4、ing along a road.Suddenly.7過去完成時 表示過去某時間之前已完成的動作(即“過去的過去”)。 By the end of June we had treated 30,000 patients. 在主從復(fù)合句中，如果一個動作發(fā)生在另一個過去動作之前，這一動作要用過去完成時。 When I woke up，it had already stopped raining.8過去將來時 表示從過去某時看將來要發(fā)生的事情。 The time was not far off when he would regret this decision. 表示過去習(xí)慣性的動作。 Whene

5、ver he had time，he would help them in their work.9現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時 表示一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能進(jìn)行下去的動作。 How long has it been raining? 表示某動作持續(xù)時間太長，有令人疲勞或厭倦等含義。 I have been sitting here all afternoon.10過去完成進(jìn)行： 表示過去某時間之前一直進(jìn)行的動作。 It had been raining for two days. The fields were all under water.11將來進(jìn)行時：表示將來某時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作。 I wont b

6、e free on Friday morning. Ill be seeing a friend off.12將來完成時：表示將來某時已完成的動作。 By this time next year well have turned all the land into rice fields時態(tài)的特殊用法1.一般現(xiàn)在時：表示按計劃、規(guī)定、安排要發(fā)生的動作，主要指由時刻表、日程表規(guī)定循環(huán)進(jìn)行的動作。 When does the train stop at Jinan? 在時間、條件、讓步狀語從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時表示將來。 Ill write to her when I have time

7、. Ill have a good time whether I win or lose. make sure，take care，mind，it doesnt matter，I dont care后跟that從句時，從句中通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。 We must take care that no one sees us. It doesnt matter where we go on holiday.3一般將來時：表示傾向性動作。 This machine wont work. 機(jī)器不能運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)了。 Whats the matter with the pen？The ink wont com

8、e out. 鋼筆怎么啦？墨水不出了。 表示臨時的決定、即刻的打算。 “I hear Wang Ling is ill in hospital.” “Then Ill go to see her.”4一般過去時： I didnt know，I didnt mean，I thought等表示“原來不知道”“本沒想”“原以為”。 Sorry，but I didnt mean to hurt you. 用于虛擬語氣中It is time that we went to bed.固定句式或結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞語態(tài)1.This/It is the first/second timethat從句。that從句中用

9、現(xiàn)在完成時。 如把is改為was，則從句中用過去完成時。 This is the first time I have come here. It was the third time (that) he had made the same mistake. 2It is/has been一段時間since 從句。since從句中用一般過去時。如 把is改為was，則從句中用過去完成時。 It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time. 3was/were about to do.when. 意為“將要做(這時)突然”。 I was

10、 about to go out when the telephone rang.1.一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時 一般過去時表示過去某時間發(fā)生的動作或情況，與現(xiàn)在沒有什么聯(lián)系，常與表示過去的時間狀語連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時則表示從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或情況，強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常與for或since短語連用。 I didnt see her last week. 我上周沒有見到她。 I havent seen her since last week. 自上周以來我一直未見過她。 人們在談?wù)撘粋€話題時，常常用現(xiàn)在完成時提出該話題，然后用一般過去時具體談?wù)撌虑榘l(fā)生的時間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式等。 “I

11、 have got a headache.” “No wonder. You worked in front of that computer too long.” “Have you shown him around the museum yet？”“Yes. We had a great time there.”一般過去時、現(xiàn)在完成時都可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用。區(qū)別是：一般過去時表示某動作曾持續(xù)一段時間，但在過去某個時間就已終止；現(xiàn)在完成時則表示某動作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還沒有終止。I have lived in London for many years，and Ive got used

12、 to the life there.I lived in London for many years，but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China.被動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的承受者小竅門： 我們可以這樣看被動語態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成： be + 及物動詞的過去分詞表示時態(tài) 表示被動 要變化 不變化1.被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is/are done 一般過去時：was/were done一般將來時：shall/will be done 過去將來時：should/would be done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：am/is/ar

13、e being done 過去進(jìn)行時：was/were being done現(xiàn)在完成時：has/have been done 過去完成時：had been done1.主語+謂語(不及物動詞) S + V這些動詞常見的有：appear, apologize,arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等。 如：The children are playing happily. 孩子們正在高興地玩。2. 主語+謂語(及物動詞)+賓語 S+V+O 如：The Greens enjoy living in China. 格林一家喜

14、歡住在中國。3. 主語+謂語+表語 S+V+P 該句型謂語動詞為連系動詞。常見的系動詞有：be(是)；get(變得), become(成為), turn(變得), look(看起來), feel(感到), smell(聞起來), taste(嘗起來), sound(聽起來), seem(似乎) 等。如：He became a famous doctor. 他成為了一名著名的醫(yī)生。The apple pie tastes really delicious. 蘋果派吃起來真是好吃。4. 主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語 S+V+InO+DO這種句型中作間接賓語的常常指“人”，直接賓語常常指“物”常見

15、的雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)：bring sb. sth (bring sth to sb). give sb. sth (give sth to sb.) hand sb. sth (hand sth to sb.) leave sb. sth (leave sth.to sb) lend sb. sth (lend sth to sb) pass sb sth (pass sth to sb) return sb. sth (return sth to sb) send sb sth (send sth to sb) show sb sth (show sth. to sb.) tell sb sth (tell sth to sb ) write sb sth (write sth to sb ) buy sb sth (buy sth for sb ) do sb sth (do sth for sb ) get sb sth (get sth for sb ) make sb. sth (make sth for sb) pay sb. sth (pay sth for sb) sing sb sth (sing sth for sb ) 這種句型中的及物動詞后跟雙賓語，既指人的間接賓