(完整版)新編英語教程第三版4第三章翻譯

1、Unit 4 見教材 P61Writing Between the Lines閱讀時要做讀書筆記Mortimer J. Adler （U.S.）莫迪摩爾 . J. 阿德勒（美國）You know you have toread “between the linesto get” the mostout of anything.I want topersuade you to do something equally“writeimportant in the course of your reading. I want to persuade you tobetween the lines.”

2、Unless you do, you are not likely to do the mostefficient kind of reading.你很清楚，為了能夠最充分地理解， 你必須要能聽讀懂言外之意。 現(xiàn)在，我想建議你在閱讀時也要做同等重要的事，那就是建議你在閱讀時做讀書筆記，否則你的閱讀不大可能是最有效的。I contend, quite bluntly,that marking up a book isnot an act ofmutilation but of love.坦白說，我認(rèn)為，人們閱讀時在書上做筆記不是毀書，而是愛書。There are two ways in whic

3、h you can own a book.The first is the property right you establish by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture. But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession. Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself,and the best way to make yourself a part of i

4、t is by writing in it. An illustration may make the point clear . You buy a beefsteakand transfer it from the butcher iceboxs to your own. But you do not own the beefsteak in the most important senseuntil you consume it and get it into your bloodstream. I am arguing that books, too, must be absorbed

5、 in your bloodstream to do you any good.人們可以通過兩種方式來擁有一本書。 第一種就是你通過付款買書而確立產(chǎn)權(quán)，就像你花錢買衣服和家具一樣。 但是，這種購買行為只是擁有的前提， 只有你把書完全變成你自身的一部分時， 你才可以說你完全擁有了這本書。 把你（譯者加注：作為讀者）變成書的一部分的最好辦法就是在書上做筆記。 有一個例子可以很好地說明這一點(diǎn)。 你買一塊牛排，這只是把牛排從肉鋪的冰箱里轉(zhuǎn)移到了你自己的冰箱里。 但是，只有你把這塊牛排吃掉并消化以后，你才可以說在最重要的意義上完全擁有了這塊牛排。 我認(rèn)為書也是這樣，只有它完全融入到你的血液里時，才可以說

6、對你真正有益。There are three kinds of book owners. The first has all the standard sets and best-sellersunread, untouched. The second has a great many booksa few of them read through, most of them as cleanand shiny as the day they were bought. (This person would probably like to make books his own, but is

7、restrained by a false respect for their physical appearance.) The third has a few books or many -every one of themdog-eared and dilapidated, shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and scribbled in from front to back.有書的人常常可以分為三類。 第一類人擁有最完整成套的書，還有暢銷書，但是他們一本也沒有讀過，甚至就沒有碰過。 第二類人也有很多書， 但是他們通常只讀過其中的

8、幾本， 而絕大多數(shù)都非常干凈光亮，與剛剛買回來時一樣（這樣的人可能非常喜歡占有書，但是錯誤地認(rèn)為破壞了書的外觀就是對書的不尊重）。 第三種人的書或多，或少。 但是，每一本都因?yàn)榉磸?fù)閱讀而破爛不堪， 頁角卷起，甚至都散了頁，而且從頭至尾有很多標(biāo)注和草草寫下的筆記。 Is it false respect, you may ask, to preserve intactand unblemished a beautifully printed book, an elegantly bound edition?Of course not. I d no more scribble all over

9、a first edition ofthan I “dParadisegive Lost”my baby a set of crayonsand an original Rembrandt!I wouldn t mark up a painting or a statue.Its soul, so to speak, is inseparable from its body. And the beauty of a rare edition or of a richly manufactured volume is like that of a painting or a statue.你可能

10、會問，把一本印刷得非常精美的書，或者一個裝訂得非常雅致的版本保存地非常干凈完整， 算不算是對書不應(yīng)有的尊重呢？ 當(dāng)然不是。 我絕對不會在第一版的失樂園上亂寫亂畫，我也同樣不會把一套蠟筆和一本由荷蘭著名印刷家 Rembrandt 印刷的原始版的書拿給我的孩子玩耍。 我也不會在畫和雕像上做標(biāo)注。 可以這么說，它們的精神內(nèi)涵是與其物質(zhì)形式是不可分割的。 從美的角度來說，一個珍貴罕有的版本， 一本內(nèi)容豐富的卷冊就像是一幅畫、一座雕像。But the soul of a book can be separated from its body. A book is more like the score

11、of a piece of music than it is like a painting. No great musician confuses a symphony with the printed sheet of music. If your respect for magnificent binding or typography gets in the way, buy yourself a cheap editionand pay your respects to the author.但是，書的精神內(nèi)涵也可以脫離其物質(zhì)形式。 一本書，與繪畫相比，更像是一首音樂的樂譜。 沒有哪

12、一個優(yōu)秀的音樂家會把交響樂本身和樂譜混為一談。 如果你對書的優(yōu)美裝幀或排版的尊重妨礙了你的閱讀， 那么你可以給自己買一個廉價的版本來充分閱讀 （譯者加），以顯示你對作者本人的尊重。 Why is marking up a book indispensable to reading? First , itkeeps you awake. (And I donmeant merely conscious; I mean wide awake.) In the second place , reading, if it is active, is thinking, and thinking ten

13、ds to express itself in words, spoken or written.That marked book is usually the thought-through book. Finally , writing helps you remember the thoughts you had,or the thoughts the author expressed. Let me develop these three points.為什么說做讀書筆記對于閱讀是必不可少的呢？ 首先，做筆記可以使你保持清醒 （這里不是指神志上的清醒， 而是指態(tài)度上的清醒）。 第二，閱

14、讀，如果是積極的，本身就是思考，思考本身往往會以口頭或書面的形式表現(xiàn)出來。 那些布滿筆記的書往往就是人們深入思考過的書。 最后，做筆記可以讓你記錄下你曾經(jīng)有過的思想，或者作者表達(dá)過的觀點(diǎn)。 我會充分闡述這幾點(diǎn)。 If reading is to accomplish anything more than passing time, it must be active. You can t let your eyesglide across the lines of a book and come up with an understanding of what you have read. N

15、ow an ordinary piece of light fiction, like, say, Gone with the Wind, doesnt require the most active kind of reading.The books you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation,and nothing is lost. But a great book, rich in ideas and beauty, a book that raises and tries to answer great fund

16、amental questions, demands the most active reading of which you arecapable. If when youve finished reading a book, the pages are filled with your notes, you know that you have read actively.如果閱讀是為了有實(shí)際收獲，而不是消遣時間，那么它就必須是積極的。 你不可以在一目十行之后提出你對你讀過的內(nèi)容的大致理解。普通的休閑小說， 例如飄，并不要求進(jìn)行最積極的閱讀。 如果你閱讀只是為了消遣時間， 那么你可以以非常

17、輕松的狀態(tài)來閱讀，你也不會有什么遺憾和損失。 但是，如果你讀的書富有哲理，內(nèi)容優(yōu)美，值得反復(fù)回味和深思， 那么你就應(yīng)該盡可能進(jìn)行最積極的閱讀。 如果你已讀完一本書，而且書上到處都是你做的筆記，那 么可以說你的閱讀是非常積極的。But , you may ask, why is writing necessary? Well, the physical act of writing, with your own hand, brings words and sentencesmore sharply before your mind and preserves them better in yo

18、ur memory.To set down your reaction to important words and sentences you have read, and the questions they have raised in your mind, is to preserve those reactions and sharpen those questions.但是你可能會問，為什么要寫下來呢？ 因?yàn)槭謱戇@種行為可以使詞句更清楚地呈現(xiàn)在你的心里，可以更好地保存在你的記憶里。 如果你記錄下你對你讀過的某些重要詞句的感受， 記錄下這些詞句在你心里所引發(fā)的問題， 那么你就可以很好

19、地保存這些感受， 并且可以使這些問題更加清楚明朗。Even if you wrote on a scratch pad,and threw the paper awaywhenyou had finished writing, your grasp of the book would be surer. But youdon t have to throw the paper away.The margins (top and bottom, as well as side), the end papers, the very space between the lines, are all

20、available. They aren t sacredAnd,. best of all, your marks and notes become an integral part of the bookand stay there forever. You can pick up the book the following week or year, and there are all your points of agreement, disagreement, doubt, and inquiry. It slike resuming an interrupted conversa

21、tionwith the advantage ofbeing able to pick up where you left off.即使你寫在了便簽上，而且寫完之后就隨手扔掉了，那么你對該書的理解是也更為透徹的，但是你沒有必要把這些紙條扔掉。書上的空白處（上、下或左右兩側(cè)空白處）、扉頁、字里行間都是可以利用的，它們不是 “神圣不可侵犯 ”的。此外，最重要的是，你所做的標(biāo)注和筆記會成為這本書必不可少的組成部分，而且會永遠(yuǎn)保存在那里。 一周或一年之后，你還可以重新拿起這本書，書上的標(biāo)注和筆記表明了你對該書中觀點(diǎn)的贊同、反對、存疑或探究。 這就像是繼續(xù)進(jìn)行曾經(jīng)中斷的談話， 其好處就是你可以從上次中斷的地方繼續(xù)。And that is exactly what reading a book should be: a conversation between you and the author. Presumably he knows more about the subject than