必修三Unit1NatureinthebalanceReading知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、必修三 Unit 1 Reading1. The world ( we live in) is full of natural wonders.(1) natural wonder 自然奇觀wonder n.奇跡：奇觀；奇妙之處< 1> If you wonder about something, you think about it, either because it interests you and you want to know more about it, or because you are worried or suspicious about it.< 2

2、>l wondered what that noise was.< 3>lf you wonder at something, you are very surprised about it or think about it in a very surprised way.< 4>He liked to sit and wonder at all that had happened.If you say that it is a wonder that something happened, you mean that it is very surprising

3、 and unexpected.< 5>lt*s a wondsr that it took almost ten years.(2) be full of 充滿is home to a wide2. The documentary script below describes the Amazon rainforest, range of wildlife.(1) documentary script 紀(jì)錄片腳本(2) describe 描述-descriptionbe home to的家園/棲息地(4) A wide range of .各種各樣的。，。(5) What do

4、you think this script is about judginR from the title?從。判斷 The tour was judged a great success.這次巡回演出被認(rèn)為是大獲成功.She was asked to judge the essay competition.評(píng)價(jià)：鑒定；（尤指）批評(píng)，指責(zé)What gives you the right to judge other people? 你有什么權(quán)利對(duì)別人評(píng)頭論足？ to judge a case 審理案件3. The Amazon rainforest: a natural treasure(大自

5、然的珍寶)4. Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals.歡迎來(lái)到亞馬遜森林，這是一片綠色的海洋。(1)a sea of大片的,成片的see a sea of smiling faces 看到一片笑臉with(2) alive充滿，到處是The pond was full of frogs.池塘里都是青蛙。5. As the biggest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the f

6、ine balance of the Earth's ecosystem.（1） play a role in doing sth（2） maintain the balance of sth保持的微妙平衡（3） ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)eco+syste m 環(huán)境的ecologist生態(tài)學(xué)家ecotourism 生態(tài)旅游業(yè)6. The Amazon rainforest crosses into（橫跨）eight countries, including Brazil （巴西）and Peru（秘 魯）,on the South American continent （大陸,陸地）

7、.nounlC大陸：陸方也：洲 one of the large land masses of the earth such as Europe, Asia or Africa the continent of Africa 非洲大陸 the African continent 非洲大陸the Continentsing. （BrE）歐洲大陸（不包括英國(guó)和愛(ài)爾蘭）the main part of the continent of Europe, not including Britain or IrelandWe*re going to spend a weekend on the Conti

8、nent.我們要去歐洲大陸度周末。7. With an area of around 5.5 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.（1） With an area of 面積為倍數(shù)表達(dá)法：A+be+倍數(shù)+the size/height/weight/length/width/depth of +BA+be+倍數(shù)+比較級(jí)+than BA+be+倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞+as倍數(shù)+what8. The Amazon Riven from which the fore

9、st gets its name, is about 6400kilometers in length-around lOOkilometers longer than the Yangtze River.in length在長(zhǎng)度上9. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. support many different ecosystem支持很多不同的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)10. They give this area the richest biodiver

10、sity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found.biodiversity生物多樣性biodiversity n.生物多樣性（維持著生態(tài)環(huán)境平衡的大量各種生物的共存）11. Of the 390,000 species of plants known to man, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon rainforest.12. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we ca

11、n eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie to lie down on.13. The forest's different levels provide food and shelter for an unbelievable variety of wildlife.noun1 U居所；住處the fact of having a place to live or stay, considered as a basic human need Human beings need food, clothing and shelter.

12、人類(lèi)有衣、食、住的需求。2 U - （from sth）遮蔽，庇護(hù)，避難（避雨、躲避危險(xiǎn)或攻擊）protection from rain, danger or attackto take shelter from the storm躲避暴風(fēng)雨The fox was running for the shelter of the trees.狐貍朝樹(shù)叢跑，想要躲藏起來(lái)。People were desperately seeking shelter from the gunfire.人們拼命地找地方躲避炮火。3 C （often in compounds常構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞）（尤指用以躲避風(fēng)雨或攻擊的）遮蔽

13、物，庇護(hù)處, 避難處a structure built to give protection, especially from the weather or from attackThey built a rough shelter from old pieces of wood.他們用舊木條搭了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)陋的窩棚。an air-raid shelter防空洞see also bus shelter4 C（無(wú)家可歸者或受虐待者的）收容所，庇護(hù)所a building, usually owned by a charity, that provides a place to stay for peop

14、le without a home, or protection for people or animals who have been badly treateda night shelter for the homeless無(wú)家可歸者夜間收容所an animal shelter動(dòng)物收容處14. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground.15. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.16. Then there are the

15、 towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the sunny treetops many meters above the ground.toweringonly before noun1高大的：高聳的：屹立的extremely tall or high and therefore impressivetowering cliffs高聳的懸崖2卓越的：杰出的：出色的of extremely high qualitya towering performance出色的表演3 （of emotions情感）強(qiáng)烈的：激烈的extremely stronga to

16、wering rage勃然大怒17. Each level of the forest forms its own world, home to all kinds of living things.adj.1活著的；活的alive nowall living things所有生物living organisms活的機(jī)體the finest living pianist常世的最杰出的鋼琴家2only before noun在使用的：在實(shí)施的used or practised nowliving languages （= those still spoken）現(xiàn)用語(yǔ)言a living faith

17、仍有人信奉的信仰18. More than 1300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the Amazon rainforest's life.19. This jaguar is an example.20. Although close to extinction in other areas, jaguars can still survive here.牛津詞典nounU（植物、動(dòng)物、生活方式等的）火絕,絕種，消亡a situation in which a plant, an animal

18、, a way of life, etc. stops existinga tribe threatened with extinction/in danger of extinction而臨消亡威脅/有消亡危險(xiǎn)的部落The mountain gorilla is on the verge of extinction .居住在山區(qū)的大猩猩已瀕臨滅絕。21. They are only one element of the forest/s food chain.牛津詞典noun部分：數(shù)量part/amount1C（in/ofsth）要素；基本部分：典型部分 a necessary or typ

19、ical part of sth Cost was a key element in our decision. 價(jià)錢(qián)是我們決策時(shí)考慮的主要因素。The story has all the elements of a soap opera.這個(gè)故事是非常典型的肥皂劇題材。Customer relations is an important element of the job.與客戶的關(guān)系是這個(gè)工作的重要部分。2C, usually sing.of surprise, risk, truth, etc.少量：有點(diǎn)；有些a small amount of a quality or feeling

20、We need to preserve the element of surprise.我們得保留一些使人感到意外的東西。There appears to be an element of truth in his story.他的說(shuō)法似乎有點(diǎn)道理。集團(tuán) group of people3C, usually pl.（大團(tuán)體或社會(huì)中的）一組，一群，一伙 a group of people who form a part of a larger group or society moderate/radical elements within the party 黨內(nèi)的溫和派/激進(jìn)派 unruly

21、 elements in the school 學(xué)校里難管教的人 化學(xué) chemistry4C元素（如金、氧、碳）a simple chemical substance that consists of atoms of only one type and cannot be split by chemical means into a simpler substance. Gold, oxygen and carbon are all elements .compare compound n. （2）土；空氣；火：水 earth/air/fire/water5C要素（舊時(shí)認(rèn)為上、空氣、火和水

22、是構(gòu)成一切物質(zhì)的四大要素）one of the four substances: earth, air, fire and water, which people used to believe everything else was made of 天氣 weather6the elementspl.（尤指惡劣的）天氣 the weather, especially bad weather Are we going to brave the elements and go for a walk? 我們要冒著風(fēng)雨去散步嗎？ to be exposed to the elements 經(jīng)受風(fēng)吹雨

23、打 基本原理 basic principles7elementspl.（學(xué)科的）基本原理,基礎(chǔ)，綱要the basic principles of a subject that you have to learn first同義詞：basicsHe taught me the elements of map-reading.他教我看地圖的基本方法。環(huán)境 environment8C, usually sing.（尤指動(dòng)物的）自然環(huán)境，適宜的環(huán)境 a natural or suitable environment, especially for an animal Water is a fish&

24、#39;s natural element.水是魚(yú)的天然生活環(huán)境。電器元件 electrical part9C電熱元件；電熱絲the part of a piece of electrical equipment that gives out heat The kettle needs a new element.這個(gè)電壺需要一根新電熱絲。22. They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs.23. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and seeds.24. Wh

25、en jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.PHRASAL VERB （機(jī)器或車(chē)輛）出毛病，損壞If a machine or a vehicle breaks down, it stops working.Their car broke down.他們的車(chē)子出故障了。2 PHRASAL VERB （討論、關(guān)系或系統(tǒng)）失敗，破裂，失靈If a discussion, relationship, or system bre

26、aks down, it fails because of a problem or disagreement.Talks with business leaders broke down last night.昨晚與商界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的談判破裂了 <3PHRASAL VERB W：將分成若干部分To break down something such as an idea or statement means to separate it into smaller parts in order to make it easier to understand or deal with.The r

27、eport breaks down the results region by region.報(bào)告將調(diào)查結(jié)果按地區(qū)分成若干部分。4 PHRASAL VERB-ERG （使）（物質(zhì)）分解When a substance breaks down or when something breaks it down, a biological or chemical process causes it to separate into the substances which make it up.Over time, the protein in the eggshell breaks down in

28、to its constituent amino acids.時(shí)間久了，蛋殼中的蛋白質(zhì)就會(huì)分解為其構(gòu)成成分紈基酸。5PHRASAL VERB感情失控（痛哭起來(lái)）If someone breaks down, they lose control of themselves and start crying.Because he was being so kind and concerned, I broke down and cried.他如此體貼關(guān)心，令我忍不住失聲痛哭。6PHRASAL VERB 搗毀；拆除If you break down a door or barrier, you hi

29、t it so hard that it falls to the ground.An unruly mob broke down police barricades and stormed the courtroom.一伙暴徒搗毀了警察設(shè)置的路障沖進(jìn)法庭。7PHRASAL VERB消除，破除（障礙或偏見(jiàn)）To break down barriers or prejudices that separate people or restrict their freedom means to change people's attitudes so that the barriers or

30、 prejudices no longer exist.His early experience enabled him to break down barriers between Scottish Catholics and Protestants.他早年的經(jīng)歷使他能夠消除蘇格蘭天主教徒和新教徒之間的隔閡。25. The amazon rainforest breaths life into the planet into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 nper cent of the all the Earth'

31、;s oxygen.Breath life into.給。注入新的活力It is the readers who breathe life into a newspaper with their letters.是讀者通過(guò)來(lái)信給報(bào)紙帶來(lái)了生氣。26. Thus, it is often known as the lungs of the planet.27. Moreover, the Amazon Forest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food and medicine.28. Yet, there is one

32、 major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals:us.irreplaceableadj .（因貨重或獨(dú)特）不能替代的29. In the past few years, 17 per cent of the rainforests has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming.agriculture nounU農(nóng)業(yè)；農(nóng)學(xué)；農(nóng)藝the science or practice of farmingThe number of people e