浙江省杭州市2018年中考英語試卷答案解析(共17頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上2018 杭州中考英語試題卷第I 卷第一部分聽力（省略）第卷第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分 40 分)第一節(jié)(共 15 小題.每小題 2 分,滿分 30 分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C 和 D)中選出最佳選項。AWhen Canadian teenager Ryan was six years old, his teacher told him that in many parts of Africa, there was no clean water. She said that people often made themselves ill,

2、 and even died, just from drinking or bathing in dirty water.What she said made Ryan upset. He decided to raise money for a well(井) so that people in Africa could have clean water. He did extra chores for his parents and raised $70 all by himself. Then he found out that it actually cost $2,000 to di

3、g a well.Most people would have given up at this point, but not Ryan. He was disappointed, but determined to raise more money. Finally he collected over $2,000. That money was used to dig the first of “Ryan's wells”.Since then, Ryan has continued to raise money for more wells. In fact, Ryan has

4、raised over$1,500 ,000!Ryan calls himself “a normal boy” and likes to play ice hockey when he's not in school or traveling around the world talking to other students about himself and his work. As for the future. he has said that he isn't exactly sure what he will choose to do. “Something al

5、ong the lines of a lawyer or a teacher. Maybe a leader!”16. Ryan's teacher told him about the water problem in Africa in order to .A. encourage Ryan to dig wells for people in AfricaB. ask Ryan to raise money for poor people in AfricaC. make Ryan feel unhappy and disappointedD. educate Ryan to c

6、are about African people in difficulty.17. What does Ryan think of himself according to the passage?A. He is different from other students in many ways.B. He never gives up when he has decided to do something.C. He is talented and can do many great things in the future,D. He's like other student

7、s with his own hobby and dreams.18. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Ryan and His TeacherB. Ryan and His Wells.C. Ryan and His MoneyD. Ryan and His Future專心-專注-專業(yè)BWho wants to eat food that is thrown away as waste? Believe it or not, thats exactly what world leaders did at

8、 a lunch held by the United Nations in 2015.During the meal, the world leaders enjoyed dishes like salads and burgers made withthrown-away vegetables and fruits. Chef Dan Barber, who helped create the meal, hoped that the experience would make the leaders pay more attention to the issue of food wast

9、e.It is a huge problem. One out of nine people on Earth does not get enough food. Yet every year over one third of the food produced worldwide goes to waste!Why is so much food wasted? Firstly, food is often thrown away before it reaches customers because too much of it is produced, or because it is

10、 not kept properly in farms. Secondly, shops and supermarkets usually throw away unsold food. Finally, customers often buy more food than they need, so a lot of uneaten food is wasted.How can you waste less food? When eating out, you may ask for less food and take home what is left. Visit fast food

11、restaurant less often, since they usually more wasteful. Encourage your favorite restaurants to give unsold food to food banks.You can also waste less food at home. Use smaller rice bowls so that you serve less rice.Encourage family members to use unfinished rice to make rice puddings. Tell family m

12、embers to make a shopping list and buy only what is on the list when shopping for food.Food waste is a growing problem and we, either farmers or food sellers or customers, must take this problem more seriously and do what we can to help.19. What did world leaders do at a lunch held by the United Nat

13、ions in 2015?A. They threw away food as waste during the meal.B. They made dishes with waste vegetables and fruitsC. They ate food made with waste vegetables and fruits.D. They helped Chef Dan Barber create the special meal.20. The underlined word “issue” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .A.

14、resultB. problemC. causeD. beginning21. The writer organizes Paragraph 4 by asking a question and .A. giving examplesB. using numbersC. listing reasonsD. telling a story22. Which way of wasting less food is mentioned in the passage?A. Buying unsold food from supermarkets.B. Keeping food properly in

15、fridge.C. Using smaller rice bowls when eating out.D. Asking for less food in restaurants.CBananas are the perfect snack. Not only are they sweet and delicious, but they are easy to carry around, so you can take them anywhere. Best of all, bananas provide different things that the human body needs!B

16、ananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain. They grow on plants that look like trees. The banana plant, however, is considered a herb rather than a tree because it doesnt have a strong , woody stem（莖，干）. The plants can grow as high as 30 feet. When they reach their full height, flowers gr

17、ow out from the stem. These flowers produce bananas.Two or three times each year, the plants produce fruit. The bananas grow together, which seem like “hands”. A hand is made up of 10 to 20 bananas. Growers sometimes call bananas “fingers”. Each bunch（叢） of bananas has about 15 hands, and so a whole

18、 bunch may have as many as 200 bananas and can weigh more than 100 pounds.After about three months, the bananas are ready to be picked. At this point, they still arent the sunny yellow color of bananas. Farmers pick them when theyre green. Thats how theyre shipped to stores. They turn yellow along t

19、he way and are ready to be sold.If you love bananas, youve got a lot of company. Americans have been enjoying bananas since the first shipment arrived in the United States in 1876. Today, American eat more bananas than any other fruit. More bananas are sold than apples and grapes together. Every Ame

20、rican eats over 26 pounds of bananas each year!23. The first paragraph mainly talks about .A. why people like bananasB. how bananas tasteC. what bananas are rich inD. where bananas are taken24. What is the correct order in which these happen?a. The bananas begin to turn yellowb. A banana plant grows

21、 to full height.c. The flowers produce bananas.d. The bananas are ready to be picked.A. c-b-a-dB. b-c-d-aC. b-c-a-dD. c-b-d-a25. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. The banana plant is a kind of tree.B. Bananas like growing in hot and dry areas.C. One banana plant usually prod

22、uces fruit once a year.D. The banana plant usually produces fruit once a year.26. Which is the second most popular fruit in America according to the bar chart?A. Apples.B. Grapes.C. Bananas.D. OrangesDThere is a popular Chinese saying that “Fair skin(皮膚) will make up for three flaws(缺陷)”. This menti

23、ons the fact that in Chinese culture, it is believed that people who have fair skin are more beautiful. In Western culture, however, the opposite is true many Westerners think tanned skin is prettier. The example shows that different cultures have different ideas of what they think is beautiful. The

24、se cultural meanings of the beauty, however, are no longer important. As more and more people travel overseas, ideas about beauty are being shared among cultures. The Internet has also made it easier for people to share different types of beauty since people are always posting pictures on social med

25、ia. The result is an ever-changing idea of what is considered beautiful.The cultural practice of ear piercings, for example, has become a part of modern day culture.In Kenya, it is a tradition among Masai men and women to pierce and then make their earlobes( 耳 垂 ) longer using ivory and wood or ston

26、es. They then wear colorful things on their ear lobes. This is a common practice since longer ear lobes are seen as a sigh of beauty. This tradition has now found its way into present-day culture. Nowadays, this might still seem unusual to some, but with more and more well-known actors and film star

27、s showing off their longer ear lobes, it will finally become more fashionable.It is understood that different cultures around the world have different ways of showing beauty. However, since we now live in a worldwide society, peoples views about beauty are always changing. With the help of the Inter

28、net, people are now able to easily borrow ideas from other cultures to help them stand out. So what new fashions can we expect to see in the future?27. What has made it easier for people to share ideas about beauty?A. The development of technology.B. The popularity of the latest fashions.C. The unch

29、anged cultural traditions.D. The worlds growing population.28. What can be learned about the Masai people from the passage?A. Longer ear lobes are their new fashion.B. Only women make their ear lobes longer.C. They think longer ear lobes look beautiful.D. They make actors and film stars famous.29. T

30、he underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refers to .A. peopleB. ideasC. culturesD. fashions30. What is the passage mainly about?A. People in Asian countries like fair skin better.B. Beauty is considered important in many cultures.C. Different cultures have different ideas about beauty.D. Peop

31、les ideas about beauty are changing all the time.第二節(jié)（共 5 小題，每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分）下面文章中有五處（第 31-35 題）需要添加小標題。請從以下選項（A、B、C、D、E 和 F）中選出符合各段意思的小標題。選項中有一項是多余選項。Five ways to make a great first impression（印象）!Researchers have discovered that, in general, it only takes seven seconds for a person to start making

32、judgments about you when they first meet you. Thats why you should follow these useful tips on how to create a good first impression.31. Before meeting someone, start thinking about the purpose of the meeting. Are you trying to impress them? For example, if you want to make new friends at a social e

33、vent, you will want to appear friendly. And if you decide to run for class president at your school, you will need to appear confident（自信）.32. Smiling is the most important thing you can do when meeting someone new. It shows that youre friendly and makes people around you feel more comfortable. To h

34、ave a winning smile, make sure your teeth are clean by brushing them every day.33. Before you begin speaking, you will be judged on your body language. Therefore, its important to show trust in yourself by standing up tall and putting your shoulders back. Besides, if you uncross your arms, you will

35、appear relaxed and friendly.34. How you smell can influence peoples first impression of you. If you have a bad body smell, it will put people off. In short, aim to smell clean and avoid putting on a lot of scented products.35. What you wear matters. While you should look clean and tidy, its also imp

36、ortant to dress properly, whether youre going to a birthday party or a sporting event. You should think about what your clothes say about you.A. Smell goodB. Dress to impressC. Get ready for a speechD. A smile goes a long wayE. Be careful about your body languageF. Decide what image（形象）you want to p

37、resent第三部分 英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分 25 分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共 15 小題，每小題 1 分，滿分 15 分）通讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C 和 D）中選出一個最佳選項。My friends and I joined a two-day survival（生存） training course in the mountains. The first day was really 36 there was so much to do! Arriving at the campsite, we were divided into groups and

38、 given a tent, some food, a 37 and a compass（ 指 南 針 ）. Standing next to a small river, Fanny 38 camping in the grassy area nearby. However, our instructor, Mr.Lee, pointed out that it might flood（ 淹 沒 ） if it rained. In the end, we found a 39 area. Putting up the tent was very hard. 40 Mr.Lee helped

39、 us a lot.By the time we had put up the tent, 41 was really hungry. “We wouldnt have got this hungry if we had brought some snacks.” Peter said. We all told him to 42 complaining（ 抱怨 ） and help us start a fire to cook our food 43 . Realizing we were having trouble making the fire, he finally 44 .The

40、 next day started early. Woken by a strange noise. Peter went to see what was 45 . “Some cows have eaten our breakfast!”he shouted. “Thats all because you didnt 46 the food properly last night.”said Mr.Lee.Worried that Mr.Lee was angry with us, we tried very hard on our next 47 using themap and comp

41、ass to find a secret location. We made it to the location 48the other group did. We all felt very proud of 49.The survival training course was a great 50. Now I feel I could survive anywhere!36AdisappointingBdifficultCdifferentDboring37AmapBbookClightDknife38AsuggestedBfinishedCimaginedDenjoyed39Ane

42、arerBlowerCbiggerDhigher40ASurprisinglyBSuddenlyCLuckilyDUsually41AeveryoneBanyoneCsomeoneDno one42AstartBmindCstopDcontinue43AyetBtooCagainDinstead44Ahelped outBgave outCworked outDstarted out45AdevelopingBhappeningCbeginningDfollowing46A.throw offBput awayCeat upDsell out47AplanBlessonCtaskDproble

43、m48AtillBafterCwhenDbefore49AhimBthemCyouDourselves50AexampleBexperienceCactivityDcompetition400-810-2656第二節(jié)：（共 10 小題，每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1 個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。將答案填寫在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置。Next time you hold a book in your hands, stop and think. Like most other things in the modern world, it is the res

44、ult of thousands of years of human invention.First, came the invention of writing, 51 (probable) about 5500 year ago. With writing, people did not have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people that they never 52 (see) and share their knowledge with future generations

45、.Later, the Greeks were well-done for their literature( 文 學 ) and science, but their “books” looked very different 53 the books of today. They were called scrolls(卷軸).They were different to use and took a lot of space in a library.About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages 54 (invent).For more

46、than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal skin. That changed in 55 thirteenth century, when Europeans learned about a very 56 (use) Chinese invention : paper.But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439, when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before tha

47、t, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. Many more people could afford the books 57 were produced on a printing press.These days it is difficult 58 (imagine) a world without books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more 59 (story) are bought as e-books and re

48、ad on a screen.Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future, 60 will books, like scrolls soon disappear?第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分 25 分）第一節(jié)：單詞拼寫（共 10 小題，每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分）根據(jù)下列句子及所給的首字母，在答題紙上按題號寫出各單詞的正確，完全形式（每空僅限 一詞）。61. My friend came over last night to watch the v of football match that Idrecord

49、ed .62. After a long day,Tom l down on the bad and went to sleep.63. The train was very c with passengers, so we had to stand. 64.-Do you think more money should be given to education?-C , I couldnt agree more.65. Sorry, Ive f your phone number.Could you please tell me again?66. Be p . It takes time

50、. You can become better by reading something you enjoy every day.67. A square has for sides and four c .68. December is the t and last month of the year.69. The Chinese womens volleyball team won a gold m in the 2016 Rio Olympic Games.70. You will r a warm welcome when you come to our village.第二節(jié): 書

51、面表達(共 1 小題.滿分 15 分)假定你是李平(TEL:).家住濱海市人民路 1 號.你在美國旅行期間,不慎遺失錢包,曾向賓館詢.以下是賓館的答復郵件,請你閱讀后進行回復,詞數(shù) 80 左右.From: Mr.Smith, hotel managerHl Li Ping,Thank you for your email about your lost wallet.Please sen me some more information. When did you stay in our hotel and what room were you in? Please describe your

52、 wallet. What was in it? Send me your address and phone number.All the best,Mr.SmithTo:Mr. SmithSubject:Lost walletDear Mr. Smith,Yours, Li Ping第一部分 聽力理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分 30 分） 第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分 30 分）第一節(jié)（共 5 小題，每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分）聽下面 5 段對話，每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有 10 秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀

53、下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。CCCAB第二節(jié)（共 10 小題，每小題 2 分，滿分 20 分）聽下面 3 段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話或獨白后，你都有時間閱讀各小 題，每小題 5 秒鐘。聽完后，各小題給出 5 秒的作答時間，每段對話僅讀一遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第 6 至第 8 三個小題。BAB聽下面一段對話，回答第 9 至第 11 三個小題。BAA聽下面一段獨白，回答第 12 至第 15 題四個小題。BBAC第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分 40 分） 第一節(jié)（共 15 題，每小題 2 分，滿分

54、 30 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A, B, C 和 D）中選出最佳選項A【答案解析】16-18 DDB解析：本文是記敘文題材，主要內(nèi)容是：男孩 Ryan 在學習到非洲人民處于非常缺少凈水的狀態(tài)時，為了幫助他們而籌錢造井。16 題：D?？疾橥评砼袛囝}。難度較小，通過第一段，老師告訴同學們非洲沒有干凈的水源， 這是為了教育學生們要關(guān)注有困難的非洲人民。故選 D。17 題：D。考查細節(jié)理解題，難度較小，定位原文第 5 段，Ryan calls himself “a normal boy”說明 Ryan 覺得自己是一個普通的男孩，有自己的愛好和理想。18 題：B?？疾橹髦即笠忸}。難度適

55、中，此題需要結(jié)合首末段和各段主旨句進行理解，這篇文章主要講述 Ryan 為了幫助非洲人民而籌錢造井的事。B【答案解析】19-22 CBCD解析：本文是議論文題材，主要內(nèi)容：談?wù)撌澄锢速M問題，并給出一些解決方案和號召全民重視該問題。19 題：C。考查細節(jié)理解題，難度較小。Who wants to eat food that is thrown away as waste? That exactly what world leaders did at a lunch held by the United Nation in 2015.結(jié)合第二段首句可知各國領(lǐng)導人吃了被當做垃圾扔掉的水果和蔬菜做成的

56、食物。20 題：B?？疾樵~義猜測題，難度適中。通過第二段可知，這個活動是為了讓領(lǐng)導者更多地 關(guān)注食物浪費問題。21 題：C?？疾槎温浣Y(jié)構(gòu)題，難度適中，通過文章：firstly, secondly,finally 可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，作者通過提問和舉例說明的方式來構(gòu)造這個段落。22 題：D?？疾榧毠?jié)理解題，難度較小。根據(jù)第五段第二句。C【答案解析】23-26 ABCA解析：本文是一篇說明文。主要從香蕉的優(yōu)點，生長，生產(chǎn)、出售等方面進行了詳細的介紹。23. A?？疾橹髦即笠忸}，難度適中。此類題目并不能夠在原文中找到相同句子或者答案， 需要通讀段落，根據(jù)段落的大意總結(jié)概括。此題問的是第一段的主要內(nèi)容，通過第一

57、段的關(guān)鍵詞“perfect”、“provide”，關(guān)鍵句“not only.but also”可知，第一段主要講的是為什么人們喜歡香蕉，故選 A。24. B?？疾榧毠?jié)理解題，難度適中。需要通讀全文，找出 a-d 在文中相應(yīng)的細節(jié)信息，并進行排序。首先 b 出現(xiàn)在第二段倒數(shù)第二句，再是 c 出現(xiàn)在第二段倒數(shù)第一句，d 出現(xiàn)在第四段第一句，最后 a 出現(xiàn)在第四段最后一句，故為 B 正確選項。25. C?？疾榧毠?jié)理解題，難度稍大。需要整合文章的細節(jié)信息，由于四個選項的出處有可能不在同一處，需要針對每個選項找到原文的對應(yīng)語句，進行判斷，常用排除法。A 選項從第二段第三句：the banana plan，however，is considered a he