英語學習必須掌握的基礎知識-

1、英語基礎知識_背熟會對你的學習很有好處一Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday二、一年十二個月January February March April May JuneJuly August September October November December三、一年四季1. spring2. summer3. autumn4. winter四、親屬稱呼1. daughter (女兒2. niece (女性晚輩3. nephew (男性晚輩4. cousin (同輩兄弟姐妹5. aun 輩6. uncle (男性長輩五

2、、以下動詞加-ed或-ing要雙寫最后一個字母1. regret (regretted, regretting 后悔2. control (controlled, controlling 控制3. admit (admitted, admitting 承認4. occur (occurred, occurring 出現(xiàn)5. prefer (preferred, preferring 寧愿6. refer (referred, referring 提到7. forget (forgetting 忘記8. permit (permitted, permitting允許9. equip (equip

3、ped, equipping 裝備注意:quarrel, signal, travel中的l可雙寫(英國英語也可不雙寫(美國英語六、部分過去式和過去分詞不規(guī)則變化的動詞1. broadcast (broadcast, broadcast 廣播2. flee (fled, fled 逃跑3. forbid (forbade, forbidden 禁止4. forgive (forgave, forgiven 原諒5. freeze (froze, frozen 結冰6. hang (作絞死講,是規(guī)則的;作懸掛講,其過去式過去分詞都是hung7. lie lied lied 說謊; lielay-

4、lain躺下lay-laid- laid 放置8. seek (sought, sought 尋求9. shake (shook, shaken 發(fā)抖10. sing (sang, sung 唱歌11. sink (sank, sunk/sunken 下沉12. spread (spread, spread 傳播13. swim (swam, swum 游泳14. tear (tore, torn 撕碎16.wear( wore; worn 穿/戴17.hold (held, held 18.make (made, made19. keep (kept, kept七、意思相近的詞1. chec

5、k (核對/ examine(檢查/ test(測試2. receive(收到/ accept(接受3. destroy (毀壞;毀滅/ damage(破壞4. celebrate(慶祝/ congratulate(祝賀5. wear sth / dress sb 穿衣八、注意形容詞變名詞時的拼寫變化1. longlength 長度2. widewidth 寬度3. highheight 高度4. strongstrength力量九、以-ic結尾的動詞,應先把-ic變?yōu)?ick,再加ing或ed1. picnic (picnicked, picnicking 野餐十、個別名詞的復數(shù)拼寫1. G

6、erman (Germans 德國人2. gulf (gulfs 海灣3. handkerchief (handkerchiefs 手帕ro房頂4. hero (英雄,potato (土豆,tomato (西紅柿 等有生命的以-o結尾的名詞變復數(shù)時要加十一、注意動詞變名詞時的拼寫變化1. succeedsuccess成功2. pronouncepronunciation 發(fā)音3. explainexplanation解釋4. decidedecision 決定5. enterentrance進入6. permitpermission 允許7. considerconsideration 考慮8

7、. expectexpectation 期待9. discoverdiscovery 發(fā)現(xiàn)10. buryburial 埋葬11. concludeconclusion 得出結論12. arrivearrival 到達13. weighweight 重量14. describedescription 描述15. loseloss 損失16. anxious-anxiety 焦慮十二、注意形容詞變副詞時的拼寫變化1. beautiful美麗的beautifully 2. possible可能的possibly 3. practical實際的practically 4. particular特別的

8、particularly 5. successful成功的successfully 十三、其它必背單詞1. abroad 國外2. absence n. 缺席(absent adj.3. accept 接受4. accident事故(accidental adj. 偶然的,accidentally adv. 偶然地5. achievement成就(achieve v. 獲得6. address地址7. admire欽佩8. admit承認(admitted9. agreement 協(xié)議10. agriculture農業(yè)(agricultural adj. 農業(yè)的 industry 工業(yè)(ind

9、ustrial工業(yè)的11. altogether總共12. ancient 古代13. announce宣告、通知announcement ( n. 口頭通知14. anxiety 憂慮(anxious adj. 焦急的,anxiously adv. 焦急地15. apologize v. 道歉(apology n. 道歉16. appear 出現(xiàn)(appearance 外貌n.disappear消失/不見17. appreciate感激/欣賞(感激人用thank sb;謝謝某人做的事用appreciate sth.18. Asian(亞洲的 19. assistant 助手20. aston

10、ish吃驚(astonishment n. 吃驚,astonishing令吃驚的,astonished吃驚的21. astronaut 宇航員22. atmosphere氣氛23. attempt嘗試(n / v attempt to do sth24. attentively 專心地25. attention 專心pay attention to doing sth 26. attitude 態(tài)度27. attract 吸引(attraction吸引力 28. average平均/ 平均的on average 平均30. balance平衡keep the balance of nature

11、保持生態(tài)平衡31. beauty 美(beautiful, beautifully beautify美化32. believe相信(belief n. 信念,其復數(shù)是beliefs 33. beyond超過34. biology生物35. birthday生日36. bravery 勇敢brave勇敢的bravely勇敢地37.broad寬闊的38. broadcast廣播(broadcast ; broadcast;39. care 關心careful 小心的carefully小心地40. ceiling天花板41. cinema電影院42. celebrate慶祝43. celebrati

12、on 慶祝n.44. century 世紀45. challenge 挑戰(zhàn)46. character 性格47. charge收費be charge of / take charge of 管理48. comfort v. & n. 安慰comfortable 舒適的adj. comfortably adv.舒適地50. comment 評論51. communicate (vtcommunication (n 交流52. competition 競賽(compete v. 競賽competitor 競賽者53. composition 作文54. concert 音樂會55. con

13、clude v. conclusion n. 結論56. condition情況(conditions條件 57. concern 關心(vt 58. congratulations 祝賀(congratulate v.59. constant 不斷的constantly 不斷地60. construction(建設 61. continue繼續(xù)62. contribution 貢獻(contribute v. make contributions to 對做出貢獻63. convenient (adj. 方便的conveniently方便地64. conversation 談話65. cou

14、ghing咳嗽66. cousin表兄弟67. cruel的(adj. cruelly 殘酷地adv.68. curious 好奇的(curiosity n. 好奇 69. culture(cultural文化的adj.70. customer 顧客72. custom習俗73. destroy毀滅(其過去式是destroyed 74. declre delicious 美味76. damage損壞77. determined 有決心的be determined to do sth 決心做某事78. develop發(fā)展(development n. developing 發(fā)展中的,develo

15、ped發(fā)達的79. dialogue 對話80. diary 日記(dairy 奶制品81. difference 不同點(復數(shù)differences different不同的differently 不同地differ from be from make differences82. disappointed失望的(disappointing 讓人失望的 83. disappointment 失望84. discovery 發(fā)現(xiàn)(復數(shù)discoveries,動詞discover,發(fā)現(xiàn)者discoverer85. disturb打擾86. dollar美元(其復數(shù)是dollars87. down

16、stairs樓下upstairs樓上88. dream夢想(其過去式是dreamed或dreamt89. electricity電(electrical電的,electric 電的90. employ 雇用(employment n. employer 雇主,employee雇員91. empty倒空(可用動詞,其過去式是emptied92. encourage鼓勵(encouraging, encouraged, encouragement n. encourage sb to do sth 鼓勵某人做某事93. energy能量94. envelope 信封95. envy n. 妒忌96

17、. equal(平等的 equality平等97. equipment設備98. especially 尤其是99. essential(重要的 100. European 歐洲人101. event事件107. expert 專家102. excellent極好(excellence n. excellently adv. 104. exhibition展覽105. expense 耗費expensive 昂貴的106. experience 經驗/經歷(experienced 有經驗的 an unusual experience一次不同尋常的經歷have much experience經驗

18、豐富108. express (vt 表達expression (n 138. impress 印象impression (n. 109. fail v.失敗failure n.失敗fail to do sth 沒做成某事110. familiar(熟悉的 be familiar to /with 112. favorite 最喜愛的flexible 靈活的113. figure人物/數(shù)字114. finger手指115. flight飛行116. forehead前額117. foreign(外國的118. fortunate幸運的fortunately幸運地unfortunately不幸運

19、地119. forward向前120. freezing 極冷的(frozen 冷凍的 121. frequently 經常地122. furniture 家具123.far 遠的further進一步的124. generally 大概generally speaking 一般來說125. geography地理126. Germany德國127. government政府128. gradual 逐漸的gradually逐漸地129. graduation畢業(yè)(graduate from畢業(yè)于 130. grammar語法131. habit習慣form a habit of 養(yǎng)成習慣132

20、. handkerchief 手絹 133. honest誠實的honesty 誠實134. honor/honour 榮譽135. imagination 想象力(imagine v. 136. immediate (立即的 immediately馬上(adv 139. incident小事件140. including包括(include v. 141.independent 獨立的142. industry工業(yè)(industrial adj. 工業(yè)的 143. information 信息144. instrument 儀器145. institute學院146. inspire激勵(i

21、nspiration n. inspiring鼓舞人心的, inspired受鼓舞的 147. interest 興趣interesting有興趣的be interested in對感興趣148. interrupt 打斷150. introduce介紹(introduction n. 151. regular規(guī)則的irregular 不規(guī)則的152. journey旅程153. judge判斷(judgment judging from 根據來判斷154. kindergarten幼兒園155. knowledge 知識156. labor/labour勞動157. late 遲的late1

22、y最近158. laugh笑laughter笑聲159. law法律lawyer律師legal合法的illegal非法的160. library 圖書館librarian圖書館理員161. lose掉失,(lost ,lostloss損失n. 162. luck 幸運lucky幸運的luckily幸運地163. magazine雜志164. majority (大多數(shù) 166. manage 設法(manager經理, management管理 manage to do 設法做到. 167. market(市場 supermarket超市168. marriage 結婚(marry v. 結婚

23、,married已婚的 get married to 與某人結婚169. material(s材料 171. mayor市長172. mean (意味、打算 meaning 意義meaningful 有意義的173. measure測量take measures 采取措施174. medal 獎章(比較:model 模型metal 金屬 175. memory記憶力(memorize v. 記住,remember 記得 176. message 口信178. modern現(xiàn)代的179. modest謙虛的180. monitor 班長181. moustache 胡子182. murder謀殺

24、(murderer 兇手183. music 音樂musical音樂的musician 音樂家184. mysterious 神秘的(mystery 神秘 185. nationality國籍(nation 國家,national國家的 186. nature 自然natural自然的 187. naughty 淘氣的188. normal 正常的190. necessary 必要it is necessary for sb to do sth 某人有必要做某事191. obey (遵守 break 違反192. obvious 明顯的obviously 明顯地193. offer主動提供 o

25、ffer to do sth主動做某事194. operate動手術operation手術195. opportunity 機會(=chance 196. ordinary 普通的197. organize/organise(組織 organization組織198. particularly 特別是199. passenger 旅客200. problem難題question問題201. patience耐心patient耐心的;病人(patiently耐心地 203. perfect 完美(的(perfectly Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧204. perfor

26、m (表演 205. perhaps 或許206. period 時期207. permit 許可vt permission許可n208. persuaded(說服 209. phenomenon 現(xiàn)象phenomena 現(xiàn)象(復數(shù) 210. physicist 物理學家211. pilot (飛行員212. poisonous 有毒的(poison 213. political 政治的(politics 214. popular受歡迎的215. population人口216. position 職位217. possibility(-ies可能性(possible 可能的 218. pov

27、erty 貧窮n (poor貧窮的 220. pra practical (可實施的,實際的221. prepare(準備 preparation 222. press 壓/按pressure(壓力 223. pretend假裝pretend to do sth 假裝做某事224. professor 教授225. profit 利潤226. progress進步make good progress進步很大227. pronounce發(fā)音pronunciation (n.發(fā)音228. provide 提供(比較:supply/ provide sb with sth offer sb sth提

28、供某人某物, 229. public 公眾230. purpose目的on purpose故意地231. quality質量/素質232. quantity數(shù)量233. realize (實現(xiàn)vt reality n.現(xiàn)實234. receive 收到235. recently(最近= lately236. recycle( 循環(huán)再用 237. recognize 認出238. regards 問候give my regards to sb請帶我向某人問候239. remind提醒remind sb of sth 提醒某人某物240. repeat vt.重復(repetition n.重復

29、241. respect尊敬242. restaurant 餐館244. satisfaction滿意(satisfy, satisfied, satisfying246. Saturday(星期六 247. scientific 科學的248. scientific科學的249. secretary秘書250. secretly (秘密地 251. separately單獨地252. separate (單獨的adj、分開vt 253. serious 嚴重的(seriously 254. serve (v service (n服務255. shortcoming缺點256. silence 安靜(silent安靜的-silently安靜地257. succeed (vi 成功success (n 成功successful (adj 成功的successfully (adv Succeed in doing sth 成功做某事(=be successful to do sth258. similar 類似的(similarity ies相似之處 259. situation形勢/情況260. slightly(稍微 261. society 社會(social adj. 社會的262. southe