卓越補(bǔ)習(xí)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)廣州牛津版課文筆記U1

1、Unit 1 Success stories (II)一周強(qiáng)化一、一周知識(shí)概述1. 重難點(diǎn)單詞及短語(yǔ)： determ in ed, wise, hard-work ing, in cludi ng, miss, retire, hero, disabled, belief, n ati on al, pride, man age, in tellige nt, equal, refuse, for love, forget about sb, come on, save up, fight for, be equal to, in total。2. 句型 一Can I help you wit

2、h anything?我能幫你什么嗎？Thanks very much, but I can man age.非常感謝，但我自己能行。 Let me give you a hand.讓我?guī)湍惆?！That would be good.那太好了。 Come on. Let me give you a hand.If you wan t, I could do some typ ing.得了吧，讓我?guī)湍惆桑∪绻阍敢?，我可以打打字?. 語(yǔ)言功能：學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)提出、接受和拒絕幫助。二、重難點(diǎn)知識(shí)講解1. What does success mean to you?譯文對(duì)你而言，成功意味著什么？mean

3、to sb表示 對(duì)某人來說意味著”,mean為動(dòng)詞。e.g. Kno wledge mea ns wealth to us.知識(shí)對(duì)我們來說意味著財(cái)富。另外，mean還有一些其它的含義。如下:(1) 意思是。e.g.The red light means “stop紅燈表示停。This sig nal mean syour message has bee n received. 這個(gè)信號(hào)表示你發(fā)送的信息已經(jīng)收到了。(2) 有的征兆。e.g.The dark clouds mean rain.這些烏云是下雨的征兆。(3) mean to do sth = plan to do sth 打算，意欲e

4、.gmean to go tomorrow.我打算明天去。I did n metan to start an argume nt.我并不想(跟你)爭(zhēng)論。(4) mean doing sth 意味著。e.gAccepti ng the job means livi ng abroad.接受這個(gè)工作就意味著在國(guó)外居住(5) meaning n.意義，涵義。e.g.What' s thenea ning of the words?=What do the words mean?這些詞是什么意思。2. He had a gift for running and kept practising

5、every day.譯文他具有跑步的天賦且每天堅(jiān)持訓(xùn)練。的天賦have a gift for sth/doing sth 是一個(gè)詞組，意為具有e.g.Dee has a gift for making every one feel at ease.迪有一種能讓大家放松的天賦。keep (on) doing 保持/堅(jiān)持干e.gKeep the fire bur ning.不要讓火熄滅。另外keep還有下列用法：(1) keep + adj.e.g.Don' t put it in the sun andkeep it colourful .不要把它放在太陽(yáng)底下，讓它保持鮮艷。(2) ke

6、epfrom阻止做e.gKeep the earth from running away.阻止泥土流失。3. She plays the violin for love譯文她是出于熱愛而拉小提琴。play the violin意為拉小提琴”。注意：在一些西洋樂器名詞前要加定冠詞thee.g. play the pia no 彈鋼琴play the trumpet 吹小號(hào)但短語(yǔ)play chess意為 下象棋” chess前面不加定冠詞，類似的還有:play card 打牌play basketball/football/table tennis 打籃球 /踢足球 /打乒乓球for love意為

7、 出于熱愛”e.g.He goes in for the job for love not to make mon ey.他出于熱愛從事這項(xiàng)工作而不為賺錢。4. Joyce is very busy working on the school newspaper.譯文喬伊斯在學(xué)校報(bào)社忙于工作。be busy (in) doing sth 忙于干be busy with sth 忙于某事work on 忙于，從事 e.g.They are busy with their less ons.他們正在忙于學(xué)習(xí)功課。He works on market research.他從事于市場(chǎng)研究。The fa

8、mily are busy (in) getting ready for their journey.這家人正忙于準(zhǔn)備旅行。5. ,let me give you a hand.譯文，讓我?guī)湍阋幌掳?let sb. do sth.中l(wèi)et是一個(gè)使役動(dòng)詞，后面跟省去to的不定式，即動(dòng)詞原形。e.g.Let ' s gfor a walk.讓我們出去散步吧！類似的動(dòng)詞常用的有十一個(gè)半，為了方便記憶，可以編成如下順口溜：一感(feel), 二聽(listen to, hear)，三讓(let, make, have)，四看(look at, see, watch, notice)， 半幫助(

9、help)。這些詞除help外，在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中后面省去to的不定式，變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，省去的 to要再加上。help在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中后面的to可帶可不帶，變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的必須帶上to。e.g.We should help our pare nts do some housework.我們應(yīng)該幫助父母做點(diǎn)家務(wù)。Funny stories made us laugh.有趣的故事使我們開心。The boy was made to do homework all day.這個(gè)男孩被迫整天做作業(yè)。6. Don' t do everything on your own all the time!譯文做事情不

10、要總是這么獨(dú)立！祈使句的否定形式往往用Don' te.g.D on' t letanyone disturb you.不要讓任何人打擾你。Don' t forget tctake your umbrella when you go out.出去的時(shí)候不要忘記帶傘all the time意為 一直，始終，總是 ” on one ' s ow意為 單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)自地"和 無(wú)援地, 獨(dú)立地”e.g.It ' s a really useful bO I use it all the time.這真是一本很有用的書 一一我一直在用它。I ' ve

11、been livinon my own for four years now.我獨(dú)自生活迄今已4年。I made this wardrobe all on my own.這個(gè)衣柜是我自己做的。7. Tony offers to help Joyce three times.譯文托尼三次提出要幫助喬伊斯。offer作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，有 主動(dòng)提出/表示”之義，還有 提供，供給”之意，作名詞時(shí)，有 提議、 提供、意圖”的含義。e.g.We offer to help homeless childre n.我們提出要幫助那些無(wú)家可歸的孩子們。She refused this offer.她拒絕了這個(gè)提議。表達(dá)

12、 提供，供給”時(shí)，常用下列搭配。offer sb sth 或 offer sth to sb, 就相當(dāng)于 provide sb. with sth.或 provide sth. for sb.。tne some moneye.g.He often offersme with some moneyHe often provides I廠門匚 imyn一一反他經(jīng)常提供給我一些錢。8. Both LangLang and Benjamin Franklin have譯文朗朗和本杰明 富蘭克林兩人都 bothand表示 兩者都”連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。e.g.Both Jim and Tom are

13、interested in playing computer games.吉姆和湯姆兩人都對(duì)玩電腦和游戲感興趣。但要注意，neither - noreither - ornot only - but also這些詞組連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂 語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，采用 就近原則”即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一定與nor, or和but also后面的名詞或代詞相符。e.g.Neither he nor his classmateslike the movie.Either he or his classmatesdon' ltke the movie.Neither his classmates nor he li

14、kes the movie.Either his classmatesor he doesn' t likthe movie.他和他的同學(xué)們都不喜歡這部電影。Not only Jim but also Tom is interested in playing computer games.不僅吉姆而湯姆也對(duì)玩電腦游戲感興趣。9. I agree.譯文我同意（表示贊同別人的觀點(diǎn)） agree既可作不及物動(dòng)詞（vi.），也可作及物動(dòng)詞（vt.），意為 同意，贊同”，其用法如 下：（1）agree with sb.表示 同意某人或某人所說的話”。e.g.He agrees with me c

15、ompletely.他完全同意我的意見。（2）agree to do sth.同意干某事”。e.g.We agreed to start early.我們同意早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身。（5）agree + that從句e.g.She agreed thatI was right.她認(rèn)為我說得對(duì)。10. Hangzhou was full of birds and flowers.譯文杭州遍地花香鳥語(yǔ)。be full of意為盛滿，充滿，裝滿”，full是形容詞（adj.）, = be filled with，都表一種狀e.g.The meeting room is full of/is filled with

16、 listeners.會(huì)議室里坐滿了聽眾。另外注意fill sth with sth這個(gè)詞組，在這個(gè)詞組中 fill為動(dòng)詞，意為 用裝滿”e.g. Please fill the glass with water.請(qǐng)往玻璃杯里注滿水。11. When did you first become interested in bird fossils?譯文你是在什么時(shí)候首次對(duì)鳥類化石產(chǎn)生興趣的?"sth<be/become interested in g 曲h.對(duì)感興趣e.g.When he was young, he became interested in playing the

17、 guitar.很小他對(duì)彈吉他就產(chǎn)生了興趣。下面是一些interest的相關(guān)用法：(1) interest用作名詞，是不可數(shù)名詞，但也與不定冠詞連用，意為興趣，趣味”。e.gshow in terest in sth.表示/顯示對(duì)某事感興趣have an in terest in sth對(duì)有興趣(2) interest用作動(dòng)詞，意為使人產(chǎn)生興趣”。e.g.He in terested me in outdoor sports.他使我對(duì)戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)產(chǎn)生了興趣。(3) interested用作形容詞(adj.)，意為 感興趣的”，常構(gòu)成詞組be interested in,意 為對(duì)感興趣”。e.g.1

18、 ' rinterested in collecting coins.我對(duì)收藏硬幣感興趣。(4) interesting也是形容詞(adj.)，表示有趣的” e.g.The story is very interesting.這個(gè)故事很有趣。12. She spent her whole life helping others.譯文她花費(fèi)她的一生幫助別人?；ㄙM(fèi)時(shí)間在某事上 花費(fèi)時(shí)間干某事e.gusually spe nd half an hour doing/on my housework every day.我通常每天花半個(gè)小時(shí)做家務(wù)事。另外注意cost，pay，take這幾個(gè)詞也有

19、 花費(fèi)”之義，但在范圍和結(jié)構(gòu)上有所不同，它們 用法分別如下：(1) cost表示 花錢”，常用物即sth作主語(yǔ)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“ sth. cost sb. mo ney>”e.g.The dicti onary cost me over 100 yua n.這本字典花了我一百多元。(2) spend也指花錢，也可指花時(shí)間，主語(yǔ)為 sb,其結(jié)構(gòu)為 “sb spend money on st和 sb spend time (in) doing sth 或 sb spend time on sth. ”e.g.Last ni ght I spe nt 2 hours on my article.=

20、Last night I spent 2 hours (in) writing my article.昨晚我花了 2小時(shí)寫這文章。Mr. Li spent$50 on the book.李先生花50美元買了這本書。(3) pay表示花錢時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“sb pay money for sth.?！眅.gpaid $50 for the book.=The book cost me $50.=I spe nt $50 on the book.我買這本書花了 50美元。to do sth 才(4) take花時(shí)間，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“It takes sb. st. to do sth.，注意it”是形式主語(yǔ)

21、, 是真實(shí)主語(yǔ)。e.gt usually took me half an hour to do my housework everyday.=I usually spe nd half an hour (in) doing my housework everyday.我每天通常用半個(gè)鐘頭做家務(wù)事。13. He fought for his belief all his life.譯文他一生都為自己的信仰而奮斗。fight for意為 為而奮斗”。e.g.The blacks are fighting for their rights and freedom.黑人們正為他們的權(quán)利和自由而奮斗。注

22、意與fight against的區(qū)別，fight against意為 為反對(duì)而斗爭(zhēng)”。e.g. Workers fought aga inst un fair ness and in equality.工人們?yōu)榉磳?duì)不公平和不平等而奮斗。all one' s lif意為畢生，一生”。e.g.He has lived in the small town all his life.他一生都住在這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)。14. In total, the team won the NBA champi on ship six times.譯文這支隊(duì)伍總共贏了六次 NBA錦標(biāo)賽冠軍in total = in a

23、ll意為 總共，總計(jì)，合計(jì) ”e.g.There are 6000 stude ntsi n total here.這兒學(xué)生總計(jì)六千人。15. He is regarded as the best basketball player in history.譯文他被看作歷史上最好的籃球隊(duì)員。regardas表示 把當(dāng)作/視為”相當(dāng)于treat/look on/think of。ase.gregard him as my frie nd.=I treat/look on/think of him as my friend.我把他視作我的朋友。16. He is no Ion ger a baske

24、tball player.譯文他不再是一名籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。no Ion ger = notany lo,g意為 不再”具有否定意義。在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中與 nomore(=not any more)常換用。e.gcan wait no Ion ger.=I can' wait any Ion ger.我不能再等了。China is no Ion ger a poor coun try.中國(guó)不再是一個(gè)貧困的國(guó)家。I used to live in Shan ghai but now I no Ion ger live there.以前我住在上海但現(xiàn)在我不再住在那兒了。三、語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥：Offering , accepting and refusing he