非謂語動(dòng)詞攻略

1、非謂語動(dòng)詞攻略非謂語動(dòng)詞包括不定式，動(dòng)名詞和分詞。它們是高中所學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)語法，也是高考必考內(nèi)容。既是高考的難點(diǎn)又是高考的熱點(diǎn)。1  三種非謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成及變化形式。不定式主動(dòng)被動(dòng) 一般形式（本身包含將由去做的含義）To doTo be done進(jìn)行形式To be doing 完成形式To have done To have been done動(dòng)詞的ING 形式（由于現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞的變化形式一樣，這里歸在一起）主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般形式（本身包含正在進(jìn)行的含義） Ving Being Ved 完成形式Having Ved Having been Ved (=Ved)過去分詞 Ved （無變化）所

2、有非謂語動(dòng)詞的否定形式都是把否定副詞NOT 放在非謂語動(dòng)詞的_前面_考點(diǎn)一：非謂語作狀語。非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語多表示伴隨狀態(tài)，或事情發(fā)生的原因，結(jié)果。注意，作目的狀語只能是_不定式. 解題訣竅：找主語，辯邏輯，析先后比相作動(dòng)語與主語的邏輯關(guān)系謂與主動(dòng)關(guān)系，即主語是非謂語動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即主語是非謂語動(dòng)作的承受者與謂語幾乎同時(shí)進(jìn)行Ving , S+V Ving +Ved , S+V 先于謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生（已經(jīng)完成）Having +Ved , S+V Having been +Ved, S + V = ( Ved, S+V) 后于謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生（將要去做，特別是表示目的）(in order (not)

3、/ so as to(not) )To do, S+V .(in order (not)/ so as to(not) ) to be done, S+V 不定式做結(jié)果狀語的固定搭配Only to do _ too +adj/adv to do _So +adj/adv as to do _ such +n as to do _Adj/ adv enough to do _1 _that it was going to snow, the climbers decided to put off their attempt on the highest mountain.  A. Ha

4、ving told B. Having been told C. Tell D. Telling2 . _ time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only 3 fingers and athumb. A. To save B. Saved C. Saving D. Having saved3 Hoping he would not be seen, Bob stole in, _ his schoolbag and rushed out.  A. picki

5、ng upB. picked up     C. to pick upD. having picked up4 _ the distance was too long and the time was short, we decided not to drive to Florida. A. DiscoveringB. To discover C. To have discovered D. Discovered5 _, J.K. Rowling is considered to be the best fiction writer. 

6、;A. Having sold millions of copies of her books B. Because millions of copies of her books are sold C. Sold millions of copies of he D. Selling millions of copies of her books r books 6 _ one of the most important inventions of the time, the computer helps people living in different countries to do

7、a lot of things.  A. Knowing to be B. It was known C. Known as D. Which was known to be7 He sent me an e-mail, _ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope8 _ nice and delicious, the fried chicken was soon sold out. A. Tasted B. Being tasted C. Tasting  

8、60;  D. To taste9 Last night I saw Yang Weiwei lying in bed, _in deep thought.  A. lost B. losing C. to lose D. being lost10 The purpose of new drugs used on patients is to make them less painful, _ them more terrible. A. not makeB. not to make    C. not makingD. do not

9、 make11 What do you think of last nights lecture?  _ speaking, I thought it was rather boring.  A. RealB. General C. FairD. Honestly12 A big factory has been set up in this area _ such goods for people all over the country.  A. to produceB. producing    C. producedD. be

10、ing produced13 He was so foolish _ his car unlocked in the public park last night. A to leave B that leave C as to leave D for him to leave. 14 When _, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed15_ late in the morning, Bob turned

11、 off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept 16 _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered.17 You were silly not _ your car. A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked18 The

12、man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction. A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see19 The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ the film stars had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 20 If you go to the West Lake i

13、n Hangzhou, you will find it more attractive than commonly_. A. supposingB. to suppose C. supposedD. being supposed21 He is _honest a man _ lie.A so; to tell B too; to tell C very; to tell D such; that tell22 _ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operati

14、on. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given注意： 非謂語作狀語時(shí)，主語必須是非謂語的邏輯主語；如果不是，非謂語需要有在他前面加上自己的主語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。其中，最典型的就是with +n + ving/ ved/ to do 結(jié)構(gòu) 1 In order to protect our planet, _.  A. all kinds of pollution should be reduced B. we should reduce all kinds of pollution C. the environment shoul

15、d be protected first D. its important to protect our environment2 The foreign tourists have visited many scenic spots in Shanghai, _ as interpreter.  A. the guide actsB. the guide acting C. acting D. acted3 After the Arab states won independence, great em phasis was laid on education, with girl

16、s as well as boys _ to go to school. A. to be encouragedB. encouraging C. encouragedD. be encouraged4 While listening to pop music, _.  A. she felt asleep B. the light went out C. someone knocked at the door D. and she couldnt help laughing5 While building a tunnel through the mountains, _

17、. A. an underground lake was discovered B. there was an underground lake discovered C. a lake was discovered underground D. the workers discovered an underground lake6 Having been attacked by terrorists, _. A. doctors came to their rescue B. the tall building collapsed C. an emergency measure was ta

18、ken D. warnings were given to tourists7 _, he felt a bit nervous. A Many people looked at him B So many eyes fixing on him C With so many eyes to be fixed D with so many eyes fixed on him.考點(diǎn)二： 非謂語作定語解題訣竅：找被修飾的詞，辯邏輯，析先后與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系生發(fā)作動(dòng)看意題據(jù)根，與被修飾的名詞或代詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系與被修飾的名詞或代詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系正在進(jìn)行Ving Being + Ved將要去做 To do To

19、 be done 已經(jīng)完成 無Ved 1 What surprised me most was that there appeared a _ look on her face on hearing the unexpected news. A. worrying B. worried C. worry D. worries2 Havent you seen the sign,_ “NO PHOTOS”?  Im really sorry I didnt.  A. reads B. to read C. read D. reading 3 Everyon

20、e had an application form in his hand, but no one knew which office _.  A. to send it toB. to send it C. to be sent toD. to have it sent 4 We must treasure every minute because _ time is _ forever.   A. lost; losing B. lost; lost  C. losing; losing D. losing; lost5 The _ look in

21、her face suggested that she _ it before.  A. surprising; wouldnt know B. surprised; hadnt known C. surprising; hadnt known D. surprised; shouldnt know6 Tigers _ meat-eating animals _ meat.  A. belonged to; fed on B. belonging to; feed on  C. were belonged to; feed on D. belonging

22、 to; feeding on7 I would like to buy an expensive camera.  Well. We have several models _. A. to choose fromB. of choice C. to be chosenD. for choosing8 I find these problems are easy _.  A. to be worked outB. to work them out  C. to work outD. to be worked them out9 The building

23、 _ will be completed in a month. It will be our lab building.  A. to paint B. being painted C. to have painted D. painting10 Will you please tell me why you had no pen _ in class, Kate?  A. to have writtenB. to be written with  C. to have been writtenD. to write with11 The picture _ o

24、n the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung12 With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled13 Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store pric

25、es. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying14 I'm going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything _? A. to be buying B. to buy C. for buying D. bought15 The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt

26、 D. to be smelt 16 The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded 17 The way he thought of _ the problem is practical A to solve B solving C how to solve D how to settle18 With the little _money, the child

27、 told me in a _voice that on the way home, most of his money had been stolen. A remained; trembled B remaining; trembling C remaining; trembled D remained; trembling考點(diǎn)三： 非謂語動(dòng)詞做補(bǔ)語解題技巧： 記搭配，明區(qū)別，辯邏輯不定式(to do)和分詞(ving&ved)作賓語補(bǔ)足語（ we consider him to be a nice guy）或主語補(bǔ)足語(He is considered to be a nice

28、guy)是考察的重點(diǎn).做題時(shí)一要熟記固定搭配，還要仔細(xì)分析非謂語所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后問題。A 固定句型sb/sth be said/believed/ reported/ considered/ thought to do /to have done 要分清 不定式一般式和完成式的區(qū)別練習(xí)： 1 Linda is thought to_ in Africa, but I really dont know what country shes working in. A. have worked B. work     C. be wo

29、rkingD. be worked2 Robert is said _ abroad ,but I dont know what country he studied in .(NMET99) A to have studied B to study C to be studying D to have been studying3 The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. A. causing B. being caused C.

30、 to be caused D. to have caused4 John Bell was generally considered _ the first telephone. A inventing B to invent C having invented D to have invented .B 弄清以下搭配及其意義 Want/would like/prefer sb _to do_( 注意與would rather sb _did/had done_區(qū)別). require sb / order/request/ask/call /beg sb sb to do _ remind

31、 sb to doencourage sb _ invite sb _warm sb not to do_/ of not doing /against doing (注意常用否定式)send sb /sth to do/ doing 區(qū)別_. . lead sb to do/ in doing 區(qū)別_prove sb _to be _let / make/ have (使動(dòng))sb_請注意被動(dòng)式的講解_ leave sb/sth _to do/ doing/ done 的區(qū)別.see / watch/ notice /look at / hear/ listen to sb/sth 請注意被動(dòng)

32、式的講解 catch sb _doing_keep sb doing/ from doing 的區(qū)別 get sb/sth todo / doing/ ved 的區(qū)別  1 As the stone was too heavy to move, I left it _on the ground. A. laying B. lay C. lying D. lain 2 The plan is heard _ so well that we dont have to make any changes.  It is indeed.  A. to d

33、esign B. designing C. designed D. design3 Paul doesnt have to be made _ . He always works hard .(MET91)A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning4 The teacher asked us _ so much noise. A. don't make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 5 Don't leave the water _ while you brush your teet

34、h. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run 6 My advisor encouraged _ a summer course to improve my writing skills. A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take 7 Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music. A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself hear

35、d D. to make herself heard8 Laws that punish parents for their little children's actions against the laws get parents _. A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry 9 The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be

36、seating 10 He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting 11 An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _ clear warnings before firing any shots. A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be i

37、ssued12 A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked 13 -Why did you go back to the shop? -I left a friend _ there. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. waits 14 The _ boy was last seen _ near the East Lake.A. missing; playing B. missing; pl

38、ay C. missed; played D. missed; to play15 The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. (NMET2000夏) A carry out B carrying out C carried out D to carry out16 The result of the election was not made _until last Friday. A knowing B known C to know D to be known 17 The te

39、rrible gunshot sent people _ in all directions from the villagers. A to run B running C to walk D flying 18 The autumn wind sent the _ leaves on the ground _ here and there . A fallen; flying B falling ; to fly C fallen; flown D falling; flew19 I often notice the man_ the bank with a black bag in ha

40、nd. A to enter B enter C entering D entered20 who would you rather _with you to the park, John or Tom? A to go B have gone C have go D going 考點(diǎn)四：非謂語做賓語 解題技巧：記憶動(dòng)詞搭配,做題事半功倍。（有些動(dòng)詞后面只能用Ving 做賓語，有些只能用不定式做賓語，有些兩者皆可。必須弄清以下?？荚~的搭配、意義及區(qū)別）A 以下兩類句型中只能用不定式做賓語.， 且必須注意 不定式 一般形式,，進(jìn)行式與完成形式做賓語的區(qū)別。Sb/sth seems / happe

41、n/ pretend_ It remains _ whether S +V （某事尚不確定，只好走著瞧) Sth remains _( 某事還等著去做)練習(xí)：1 To tell you the truth, Id rather read than watch television; the programs seem _ all the time.  A. to get worseB. to be getting worse C. to have got worse D. getting worse2 I don't know whether you happen _ it

42、, but I'm going to study in the this September. A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard 3Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears _ everything.A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told4Her dress has become loose. She appears _ weight.  A. t

43、o loseB. being lost       C. losingD. to have lost 5 Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen6 When his father came back, the boy pretended _his homework.A doin

44、g B to do C to doing D to be doing7 He seems _ here for a long time in that he showed familiarity with the local streets. A to be living B to have lived C to have been lived D to liveB: 以下動(dòng)詞常用不定式做賓語Agree_ want (想)_ decide/ make up ones mind _Expect/hope/wish _ manage /try _ plan/intend/mean(打算)_Have

45、 no choice but_to do_ 區(qū)別 cannot choose but _do_can do nothing but _do_Prefer _ rather than _ 告(訴)知（道）類動(dòng)詞后常由wh +to do 結(jié)構(gòu)做賓語Tell/ show / explain/ teach/ advice/ discuss/ understand/ know/ learn_ 練習(xí)： C 以下動(dòng)詞只能用動(dòng)名詞 做賓語Admit _ avoid _/appreciate_consider (考慮) _ .enjoy_Delay_deny_ dislike_ . escape _ excus

46、e _ Finish _ forgive _ imagine_ Mean（意味）_ mind _miss（錯(cuò)過）_need/want/require(需要)_Practice _ resist _ risk_Suggest_ cant stand _ lead to _Get customed to _ get down to _ be busy _Be devoted to _ insist on _ be worth _Set about _ spend/ waste time _ have trouble/problem/difficulty _ feel like _Advice/ a

47、llow/ forbid/ permit sb _ = advice / allow/ forbid/permit _ D 以下這些動(dòng)詞，兩者皆可, 意義上有區(qū)別。Forget/ remember/ regret _Try to do/ doing _stop to do/ doing_Mean to do/ doing _ go on to do / go on doing _1 . I am busy _ for the entrance examination, so I cant help _ housework at home.  A. preparing; doingB.

48、 preparing; to do C. to prepare; doing D. to prepare; to do2 We agreed _ here but so far she hasnt truned up yet. A having met B meeting C to meet D to have met 3You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting._Well.now I regret_that.(NMET95) A.to do B.to be doing C. to have done D.having d

49、one4 Whatever trouble Mr. White had _ with the case, he would stick to his own opinion.  A. deal B. to deal C. dealt D. dealing5 The woman found it no good _ her daughter too much money.  A. giving B. being given C. given D. gave6 Rather than _ on a crowded bus ,he always perfers _ a bicycle.(NMET94) A ride ;ride