SPSS實(shí)驗(yàn)指導(dǎo)書

1、difficult, not hating; blueprints, not rhetoric; words and simple, but full of love, truth, passion, entrepreneurial passion. Take this opportunity, my inspirational quotes Li Dazhao's classic "iron specialise in uplifting blend with the article" gave everyone, with a view on how to do

2、 well under the new situation of township and village leaders inspire and help, and also share with you. A good play to create iron shoulders strong arms, to assume the burden be passed; only specific qualities, will it be possible in specific areas to create a world. In my view, village chiefs in t

3、he new situation, we must first have five basic quality. One ambition is to pioneer. "Who is handsome." People only high-minded can stimulate the flow of momentum to become brave and persistent, become quiet and powerful. Township and village party "leaders", within their respect

4、ive jurisdictions, political stability and economic and social development issues, decisions and orientation depends to a large extent because of your. Everybody in village chiefs and the positions, both the trust of the masses, the Organization's trust, more ability to you, fully affirmed the m

5、oral and other qualities. Therefore, we must always maintain the historical mission and social responsibility, and our ideal tree rooted in the hard work of the soil, with indomitable spirit, indomitable courage to open up a new situation of villages and towns. To have a feeling of closeness to the

6、second. "The people and country." Our business foundation in the people's blood in the people power people. Advanced decisions of the party cadres to the feelings of the people is an eternal theme. Fan Zhong-yan, called "first, and enjoy comfort about others", Zheng Banqiao&#

7、39;s also wrote a "Ya Chai lay listening to the rustling of bamboo, the suspect is suffering. Cao County officials, little my, a total turn off. "Old of feudal official even has so feelings, alone we is to" serving "for purposes of people servant does? we more should always hold

8、with on people of deep feelings, heart Department masses of leading visited tea, care masses of emotions thoughts complained, always insisted put masses of interests put in first, consciously from itself do up, from small do up, from masses most care, and most directly, and most reality of interests

9、 problem grabbed, real do love for people by Department, and right for people by with, and Lee for people by conspiracy to. Three with the fame of mind. "Non-indifferent not insist your dream, without serenity not go far." Ascension to fame is morality, is the sublimation of the soul. As T

10、ownship and village, be sure to maintain a normal state of mind, establish a correct viewpoint on power, position and values and Outlook, as fame is light like water, depending . 50 km, also red and like hundreds of thousands of the KMT military combat, but he went on to collect a variety of newspap

11、ers and magazines, and then race against time to pore over. As long as the study of mind, it is not necessary to come to the library, workshops, into the villages, people learned farming techniques, problem-solving methods, participation inSPSS實(shí)驗(yàn)指導(dǎo)書 三峽大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)與管理學(xué)院2012年4月實(shí)驗(yàn)一 SPSS基本介紹實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?掌握什么是SPSS？該軟件具有

12、什么功能？熟悉SPSS菜單各項(xiàng)的含義，數(shù)據(jù)輸入、存儲(chǔ)以及數(shù)據(jù)運(yùn)算與處理等。實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容1.什么是SPSS2.SPSS的菜單3.數(shù)據(jù)輸入與保存4、數(shù)據(jù)文件的合并與匯總5.數(shù)據(jù)編輯整理6.變量重新賦值7.數(shù)據(jù)的運(yùn)算與新變量的生成8.數(shù)據(jù)的排序9.數(shù)據(jù)分組基本步驟當(dāng)打開SPSS后，展現(xiàn)在我們面前的界面如下：菜單欄共有11個(gè)選項(xiàng)，常用的有以下8個(gè)選項(xiàng)：1文件：文件管理菜單，有關(guān)文件的調(diào)入、存儲(chǔ)、顯示和打印等；2編輯：編輯菜單，有關(guān)文本內(nèi)容的選擇、拷貝、剪貼、尋找和替換等； 3顯示：顯示菜單，有關(guān)狀況欄、工具條、網(wǎng)格線是否顯示，以及數(shù)據(jù)顯示的字體類型、大小等設(shè)置；4數(shù)據(jù)：數(shù)據(jù)管理菜單，有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)變量定義、數(shù)據(jù)

13、格式選定、觀察對象的選擇、排序、加權(quán)、數(shù)據(jù)文件的轉(zhuǎn)換、連接、匯總等；5轉(zhuǎn)換：數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換處理菜單，有關(guān)數(shù)值的計(jì)算、重新賦值、缺失值替代等；6分析：統(tǒng)計(jì)菜單，有關(guān)一系列統(tǒng)計(jì)方法的應(yīng)用；7圖形：作圖菜單，有關(guān)統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的制作；8使用程序：用戶選項(xiàng)菜單，有關(guān)命令解釋、字體選擇、文件信息、定義輸出標(biāo)題、窗口設(shè)計(jì)等；實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告自己草擬10名學(xué)生的序號、姓名、統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)成績、管理學(xué)成績、每天學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間特征資料。（以自己的姓名作為第一號，并以自己的名字設(shè)為文件名）要求：（1）添加性別數(shù)據(jù)特征；粘貼處（2）按統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)成績由高到低排序；粘貼處（3）按統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)成績數(shù)量標(biāo)志進(jìn)行等距分組，并進(jìn)行匯總統(tǒng)計(jì)。粘貼處（4）計(jì)算生成統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)與管理

14、學(xué)兩科的總成績與平均成績兩個(gè)變量。粘貼處實(shí)驗(yàn)二 SPSS統(tǒng)計(jì)繪圖實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康恼莆諚l形圖、線形圖、散點(diǎn)圖、直方圖等常用統(tǒng)計(jì)圖的繪制方法與技巧。實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容 1條形圖 2線形圖單線形圖（Simple）多線形圖（Multiple）垂線形圖（Drop-line）3散點(diǎn)圖簡單散點(diǎn)圖（Simple）顯示一對相關(guān)變量關(guān)系；重疊散點(diǎn)圖(Overlay) 顯示多對相關(guān)變量關(guān)系；矩陣散點(diǎn)圖(Matrix) 顯示多個(gè)相關(guān)變量關(guān)系；3維散點(diǎn)圖(3-D) 顯示3個(gè)相關(guān)變量關(guān)系。 4直方圖用直條的長短來表示連續(xù)性的絕對數(shù)（或頻數(shù)）資料的多少，直條的寬度表示數(shù)據(jù)范圍的間隔，高度表示在給定間隔內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)頻數(shù)。適用于連續(xù)性數(shù)據(jù)變量。 5

15、面積圖面積圖又稱為區(qū)域圖，用線段下的陰影面積來強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)象變化的變化的統(tǒng)計(jì)圖。6餅圖 又稱為圓圖，以圓面積100%，圓內(nèi)扇形面積為各部分所占百分比，用于表示全體中各部分構(gòu)成?；静襟E1繪制簡單條圖例1.1：在SPSS自帶數(shù)據(jù)集anxiety.sav中分不同的subject對變量score值（之和）繪制條圖。例1.2：在數(shù)據(jù)集anxiety.sav中分不同的subject對變量score值（之和）繪制條圖，并且按變量trial的不同取值堆積（分段）。2繪制線形圖例2.1：我國改革開放以來部分農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量的變化，試以單個(gè)變量多線形圖來反映其變化。 （見SPSS練習(xí)中國人均農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量）3繪制散點(diǎn)圖例

16、3.1：隨機(jī)抽取15人調(diào)查獲取資料：（SPSS練習(xí)12）要求：繪制學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間與統(tǒng)計(jì)成績之間相關(guān)的散點(diǎn)圖。4繪制直方圖例4.1：隨機(jī)抽取15人調(diào)查獲取資料：（SPSS練習(xí)12）要求：繪制15人統(tǒng)計(jì)成績直方圖，并分析成績狀況。5面積圖例5.1 19782006年歷年人口出生率、死亡率和自然增長率（單位：），已建立數(shù)據(jù)文件nature.sav，試?yán)L制歷年人口自然增長率的簡單面積圖。 例52 19782006年歷年人口出生率、死亡率和自然增長率（單位：），已建立數(shù)據(jù)文件nature.sav，試?yán)L制人口出生率、死亡率的堆積面積圖。6餅圖例6.1：北京2004年城區(qū)及近郊區(qū)戶籍人口數(shù)據(jù)，試以餅圖來反映北京城

17、區(qū)及近郊區(qū)戶籍人口比例關(guān)系實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告1、 知不同人群每月鈣的應(yīng)攝入量及實(shí)際攝入量如下，試?yán)L制不同人群鈣的應(yīng)攝入量與實(shí)際攝入量的復(fù)式條形圖及三維條形圖，并對圖形進(jìn)行簡要分析說明。兒童青少年成人更年期懷孕哺乳期婦女應(yīng)攝入量800 1200 800 1000 1200 實(shí)際攝入量322 418 350 350 650 2知我國19531985年各工業(yè)部門產(chǎn)值結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成(%)，試?yán)L制堆積面積圖，并對圖形進(jìn)行簡要分析說明。年份冶金電力煤炭石油化工機(jī)械建材森工食品紡織造紙其他1952 5.9 1.3 2.4 .5 4.8 11.4 3.0 6.5 24.1 27.5 2.2 10.4 1957 9.3 1.

18、4 2.3 .9 8.2 18.2 3.3 5.4 19.6 18.2 2.3 10.9 1965 10.7 3.1 2.6 3.2 12.9 22.3 2.8 2.9 12.6 15.8 1.8 9.3 1978 8.7 3.8 2.8 5.5 12.4 27.3 3.6 1.8 11.1 12.5 1.3 9.2 1985 8.0 3.3 2.3 4.5 11.2 26.9 4.2 1.6 11.5 15.3 1.3 9.9 實(shí)驗(yàn)三 描述性分析實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康慕y(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的一系列基本描述指標(biāo)，不僅讓人了解資料的特征，而且可啟發(fā)人們對之作進(jìn)一步的深入分析。通過調(diào)用摘要性分析的諸個(gè)過程，可完成許多統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)指標(biāo)

19、，對于計(jì)量資料，可完成均數(shù)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤等指標(biāo)的計(jì)算；對于計(jì)數(shù)和一些等級資料，可完成構(gòu)成比率等指標(biāo)的計(jì)算。實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容1頻數(shù)分布表的分析：頻數(shù)分布表是描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)中最常用的方法之一，此外還可對數(shù)據(jù)的分布趨勢進(jìn)行初步分析。2描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析：計(jì)算并列出一系列相應(yīng)的統(tǒng)計(jì)指標(biāo)，且可將原始數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Z分值并存入數(shù)據(jù)庫。3.探索分析：對變量進(jìn)行更為深入詳盡的描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析4.交互分析：適用于兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上變量交叉分類形成列聯(lián)表，對變量的關(guān)聯(lián)性進(jìn)行分析。數(shù)量變量和類別變量都可以進(jìn)行?；静襟E1頻數(shù)分析打開【分析】選擇【頻率】對每一項(xiàng)目對應(yīng)多個(gè)反應(yīng)（如多項(xiàng)選擇）的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行頻次分析。菜單位置：【分析】【多重響應(yīng)

20、】【定義變量集】【頻率】2描述性分析打開【分析】-【描述統(tǒng)計(jì)】-【描述】3探索分析打開【分析】-【描述統(tǒng)計(jì)】-【探索】 4.交互分析菜單位置： 【分析】-【描述統(tǒng)計(jì)】-【交叉】實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告某百貨公司連續(xù)40天的商品銷售額如下（單位：萬元）41 25 29 47 38 34 30 38 43 4046 36 45 37 37 36 45 43 33 4435 28 46 34 30 37 44 26 38 4442 36 37 37 49 39 42 32 36 35要求：（1）根據(jù)以上的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)姆纸M，編制頻數(shù)分布表，并繪制頻數(shù)分布的直方圖；粘貼（2）計(jì)算適當(dāng)?shù)慕y(tǒng)計(jì)指標(biāo)對該百貨公司這40天的銷

21、售情況進(jìn)行描述說明。實(shí)驗(yàn)四 相關(guān)分析實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?掌握相關(guān)分析的基本概念、相關(guān)系數(shù)及其檢驗(yàn)和偏相關(guān)分析。實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容1兩變量的相關(guān)分析假設(shè)對10戶居民家庭的月可支配收入和消費(fèi)支出進(jìn)行調(diào)查，得到的原始資料如下： 單位：百元編號12345678910消費(fèi)支出20154030426065705378可支配收入25186045628892997598試分析消費(fèi)支出與可支配收入之間的關(guān)系？2偏相關(guān)分析某地29名13歲男童身高（cm）、體重（kg）和肺活量（ml）的數(shù)據(jù)如下表, 試對該資料作控制身高影響作用的體重與肺活量相關(guān)分析。基本步驟1兩變量的相關(guān)分析【分析】【相關(guān)分析】-【雙變量】2偏相關(guān)分析【分析】【相關(guān)

22、分析】-【偏相關(guān)】實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告月份銷售量S（千副）平均價(jià)格P （英鎊）廣告費(fèi)用E（千英鎊）平均日照H（小時(shí)）175.006.802.002.40290.006.505.004.003148.006.006.005.204183.003.507.006.805242.003.0022.008.006263.002.9025.008.407278.002.6028.0010.408318.002.1030.0011.509256.003.1022.009.6010200.003.6018.006.1011140.004.2010.003.401280.005.202.002.00. 下表數(shù)據(jù)是某公司太

23、陽鏡銷售情況。分析銷售量與平均價(jià)格、廣告費(fèi)用和日照時(shí)間之間的關(guān)系。作圖協(xié)助分析，此題使用偏相關(guān)分析是否有實(shí)際意義？粘貼解： 實(shí)驗(yàn)五 回歸分析實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康囊辉€性回歸簡單地說是涉及一個(gè)自變量的回歸分析，主要功能是處理兩個(gè)變量之間的線性關(guān)系，建立線性數(shù)學(xué)模型并進(jìn)行評價(jià)預(yù)測。本實(shí)驗(yàn)要求掌握一元線性回歸的求解和多元線性回歸理論與方法。實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容1一元線性回歸一元線性回歸的求解一元線性回歸的相關(guān)系數(shù)和可決系數(shù)；一元線性回歸方程的統(tǒng)計(jì)檢驗(yàn)。 2多元線性回歸多元線性回歸就是研究某一個(gè)因變量和多個(gè)自變量之間的相互關(guān)系的理論與方法。對于一個(gè)實(shí)際研究的問題，并不是變量選擇越多越好，因?yàn)檫@樣一來會(huì)增加數(shù)據(jù)的需求量，同時(shí)有

24、些變量因素對因變量的作用也不顯著，許多變量相互關(guān)聯(lián)，一些變量的作用可被其他變量代替?；静襟E1.一元線性回歸【分析】-【回歸】-【線性】 2.多元線性回歸【分析】-【回歸】-【線性】3.曲線回歸【分析】-【回歸】-【曲性估計(jì)】實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告下表是某企業(yè)19871998年的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、科研人員、科研經(jīng)費(fèi)的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)。假定1999年該企業(yè)科研人員61名、科研經(jīng)費(fèi)40萬元，試預(yù)測1999年該企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。（要求粘貼主要過程圖，寫出回歸方程，并進(jìn)行預(yù)測。）年度經(jīng)濟(jì)效益科研人員數(shù)量科研經(jīng)費(fèi)198740619.08.5198848424.09.7198950426.010.4199052028.011.31991

25、56031.012.2199259133.012.8199363238.013.7199468547.014.4199575049.016.2199679450.018.5199786651.020.3199898953.025.0粘貼測驗(yàn)題結(jié)果填寫處啟動(dòng)脫硝氨區(qū)系統(tǒng)前，先進(jìn)行氨氣稀釋罐注水和并檢查液氨儲(chǔ)罐液氨儲(chǔ)量足夠，檢查壓縮空氣系統(tǒng)、氨蒸發(fā)器、緩沖罐及管路系統(tǒng)是否正常，安全閥、調(diào)節(jié)閥試驗(yàn)合格，啟動(dòng)SCR的供氨系統(tǒng)，然后按以下步序啟動(dòng)脫硝系統(tǒng)。conferences, learned superiors policies; reports, you can learn to deal wit

26、h problems, art, just wanted to learn, to learn at any time. To continuously expand the scope of the study. The complexity and comprehensiveness of our work, decided to not only do we want to be "professionals", or if "generalists", to dabble in different areas of knowledge. Mast

27、ery of knowledge not only to have knowledge to rational analysis. This on requirements we, not only to learning national of route, and approach, and policy, also to learning national of legal, and regulations; not only to with political theory armed mind, also to with economic theory guide work; not

28、 only to read history, also to read history; not only to absorption SM of mirror, also to gets is of road; not only to from local learn, also to to outside learn; not only to to books learn, also to field study learn. Therefore, I would encourage you, and more to the outside world when I have time t

29、o take a look at, take a stroll, outside developments, learn other people's development approach, and then come back to guide our work. Second, we must think. "Learning without thought to overshadow, thinking without learning is perilous." We want to foster the character of advancing w

30、ith the times, forge ahead, often reflect themselves in adapting to the new situation on whether there are delays, have anything to fear in the reform and innovation, whether in terms of accelerating the development of a relaxation, keep promising State of mind. In order to do investigations, invest

31、igations is the road to heaven, God disposes of the base. To wants to real heard truth, and justice to truth, and get truth, received effectiveness, on must in-depth actual, and outreach, and in-depth masses, worship masses for Division, and masses heart, with masses with discussion everyone care of problem, listening they of calls, understand they of mood, feel they of suffering, summary they of experience, concentrated they of wisdom, especially on masses most hope, and most urgent, and most worries, and most complained of hot, an