現(xiàn)在完成時講解

1、現(xiàn)在完成時講解一 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：助動詞have/has+過去分詞(done)二句型：否定句：主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他.一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他.簡略答語: Yes, 主語 + have/has.(肯定)No, 主語 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)三用法（1）現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果I have spent all of my money (so far).(含義是:現(xiàn)在我沒有錢花了.) Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含義：郭子君現(xiàn)在在這兒)My

2、father has gone to work.(含義是:我爸爸現(xiàn)在不在這兒) （2）現(xiàn)在完成時可以用來表示發(fā)生在過去某一時刻的,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作（用行為動詞表示）或狀態(tài)（be動詞表示）常與for（+時間段）,since（+時間點或過去時的句子）連用.for+時段since+過去一個時間點（譯為：自從以來）since+時段+agosince+從句（過去時）It is+時段+since+從句（過去時）Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.四has gone (to),has been (to), has bee

3、n (in) 的區(qū)別 Have/Has gone(to) :去了(現(xiàn)在不在說話現(xiàn)場)Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去過（已不在去過的地方）My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in：呆了多久（還在所呆的地方）My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.五現(xiàn)在完成時的標(biāo)志1.現(xiàn)在完成時的含義之一是過去完成的動作對現(xiàn)在仍有影響,用以下四大標(biāo)志詞可以表達(dá)這種

4、含義:* 以already, just和yet為標(biāo)志He has already got her help.他已得到她的幫助。He has just seen the film.他剛剛看過這場電影。He hasn't come back yet.他還沒有回來。* 以ever和never為標(biāo)志This is the best film I have ever seen.這是我曾經(jīng)看過的最好的一部電影。He has never been to Beijing.他從沒有到過北京。* 以動作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標(biāo)志He says he has been to the USA three times.

5、他說他已經(jīng)去過美國三次了。* 以so far（到目前為止）為標(biāo)+beforeHe has got to Beijing so far.到目前為止他已到了北京。She has passed the exam so far.到目前為止她已經(jīng)通過了考試。2.過去已經(jīng)開始的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在, 甚至有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去,我們可以從動作“延續(xù)”的特性和“時間”點段的區(qū)分入手,進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時。*  for+時段  since+過去一個時間點（過去 從句）為標(biāo)志 注意： 1)現(xiàn)在完成時不能單獨與過去的時間狀語連用, 如yesterday, last week, three

6、years ago 等; 2)不能與when連用 2.現(xiàn)在完成時往往同表示不確定的過去時間狀語連用  現(xiàn)在完成時練習(xí)(一)A)選用have, has填空:1.I _ told him the news.2.She _ come back from school.3.You _ won the game.B)按要求改寫下列各句:4.They have bought a computer.(改成否定句)_5.He has lost his book.(先改成一般疑問句,再作肯定與否定回答)_C) 單項選擇6. -Where have you _, Kate?-I've

7、_ to the bank.A. gone, goneB. been, beenC. gone, beenD. been, gone7. Her grandfather _ for two years.A. diedB. has diedC. has been deadD. has been died8. It's six weeks _ I met you last.A. whenB. sinceC. beforeD. for9. Tom and Jack have arrived at West Hill Farm already.A. have gotB. have gone t

8、oC. have been toD. have reached現(xiàn)在完成時練習(xí)（二）一、 單項選擇。1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _what's happened to him .（呼和浩特）. knew . have known . must know .will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?. already .never .ever . still 3、Have you met Mr Li _？. just . ago .before . a moment ago4、The

9、famous writer _ one new book in the past two years . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written5、Our country _ a lot so far .Yes . I hope it will be even _ . has changed ; well . changed ; good. has changed ; better . changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . was ; studyi

10、ng . will ; study. has ; studied . are ; studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known . knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . will see . have seen . saw .see9、These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ?. will they go .

11、 did they go. do they go . have they gone10、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished. Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . joined . has joined . was in . has been in 12、Do you know him well

12、 ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have become . have made 13、How long have you _ here ?About two months . been . gone . come . arrived 14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . has begun . had begun. has been on . began15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . is . has

13、 . will . was16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_ to the library .has gone . went .will go . has been 17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent the

14、y19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?A. How soon, comes B. How often, gotC. How long, came D. How far, arrived20、 His uncle_for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to workC. has lived there D. has left the university二、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑問句

15、）2、They have been here since 2000. (對劃線部分提問)_they been here?3、The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) （動詞填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)This factory _ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同義句） Her mother _ the Party three years _ .7、The Green Family mo