數(shù)量增減翻譯ppt課件

1、數(shù)量增減的翻譯一、數(shù)字增減的譯法：1.句式特征：by名詞比較級thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one. 這根導(dǎo)線比那根長3英寸。2.句式特征：表示增減意義的動(dòng)詞to+n.譯為：添加到?；驕p少到。 Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50. 金屬切割機(jī)曾經(jīng)減少到50臺。數(shù)量增減的翻譯二、百分?jǐn)?shù)增減的表示法與譯法1. 表示增減意義的動(dòng)詞The output value has increased 35%. 產(chǎn)值添加了352. 表示增減意義的動(dòng)詞byRetail salses s

2、hould rise by 8%。 商品零售額應(yīng)添加3The prime cost decreased by 60%. 主要本錢減少603. 表示減少意義的動(dòng)詞to+%表示減少后剩余的數(shù)量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%. 采用這種新工藝，鐵的損失量減少到20數(shù)量增減的翻譯4. 比較級 than表示凈增減的數(shù)量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year. 今年零售額與去年相比，有望添加9。5. 比較級 名詞表示凈減

3、數(shù)The new-type machine wasted 10 percent energy supplied. 新型機(jī)械能耗量凈減106. a + % + increase表示凈增數(shù)There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.與去年相比，今年鋼產(chǎn)量凈增207. + (of) 名詞代詞表示凈減數(shù)，數(shù)字n照譯The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今年產(chǎn)值僅為去年的608. %up on 或over表示凈增數(shù)The grain output of

4、 last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978. 去年糧食產(chǎn)量比1978年凈增20數(shù)量增減的翻譯三、英語倍數(shù)句型及其譯法三、英語倍數(shù)句型及其譯法英語表示倍數(shù)增減或倍數(shù)對比的句型多種多樣，其中有英語表示倍數(shù)增減或倍數(shù)對比的句型多種多樣，其中有 一些一些如下文中的句型、如下文中的句型、12 等，等， 見圈碼見圈碼很容易譯錯(cuò)很容易譯錯(cuò)其主要緣由在于：英漢兩語在表述或?qū)Ρ缺镀渲饕売稍谟冢河h兩語在表述或?qū)Ρ缺稊?shù)方面存在著言語與思想差別。數(shù)方面存在著言語與思想差別。倍數(shù)添加倍數(shù)添加 (一一) A is n times as

5、greatlong，much，as B. A is n times greater longer， more，than B. A is n times the size length， amount，of B.() 以上三句都應(yīng)譯為；以上三句都應(yīng)譯為；A的大小長度，數(shù)量，的大小長度，數(shù)量，是是B的的n倍倍或或A比比B大長，多，大長，多，n-1倍倍. Eg. This book is three times as long as three times longer than，three times the length of that one. 這本書的篇幅是那本書的這本書的篇幅是那本書的3倍

6、即長兩倍。倍即長兩倍。 注：當(dāng)相比的對象注：當(dāng)相比的對象B很明顯時(shí)，很明顯時(shí)，thanas，ofB常被省去。常被省去。 數(shù)量增減的翻譯二increase to n times increase n timesn-fold increase by n times increase by a factor of n 以上四式均應(yīng)譯為：添加到n倍或：添加n-1倍。 Eg. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year. 集成電路的產(chǎn)量比去年添加了兩倍

7、。 Eg. The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986 化肥產(chǎn)量比1986年添加了4倍。 數(shù)量增減的翻譯Eg. That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times. 那可使代謝率提高到原來的2倍或3倍即提高1倍或2倍。 Eg. The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four. 漏電壓添加了3倍即添加到原來的4倍。 注：在這類句型中increase常被raise，

8、grow，go/step up，multiply等詞所替代。 數(shù)量增減的翻譯倍數(shù)減少 一A is n times as small light，slow，as B.12 A is n times smaller lighter， slower，) than B.13 以上兩句均應(yīng)譯為：A的大小分量，速度，是B的1/n或A比B小輕，慢，n-1/n。 Eg. The hydrogen atom is near1y l6 times as light as the oxygen atom. 氫原子的分量約為氧原子的1/16即比氧原子約輕15/16。 Eg. This sort of membrane

9、 is twice thinner than ordinary paper. 這種薄膜比普通紙張要薄一半即是普通紙厚度的1/2。 注：當(dāng)相比的對象B很明顯時(shí)，than/as B常被省去。 數(shù)量增減的翻譯二decrease n times/n-fold 14 decrease by n times15 decrease by a factor of n16 以上三式均譯為：減少到1/n或：減少(n-1)/n。 decrease常被reduce， shorten， goslow down等詞替代。 Eg. Switching time of the new-type transistor is s

10、hortened 3 times. 新型晶體管的開關(guān)時(shí)間縮短了1/3即縮短到2/3。 Eg. When the voltage is stepped up by ten times the strength of the current is stepped down by ten times. 電壓升高9倍，電流強(qiáng)度便降低9/10即90。 數(shù)量增減的翻譯三There is a n-fold decrease/reduction 應(yīng)譯為：減至1/n 或：減少n一1/n。17 這個(gè)句型還有其它一些方式， Eg. A rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was obse

11、rved 發(fā)現(xiàn)迅速減少到1/7。 Eg. The principal advantage of the products is a two-fold reduction in weight. 這些產(chǎn)品的主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)是分量減輕了1/2。 將以下句子譯成英語n速度等于間隔與時(shí)間之比。速度等于間隔與時(shí)間之比。n本文對其性能做了初步的分析。本文對其性能做了初步的分析。n該電阻器上的電壓為總電壓的該電阻器上的電壓為總電壓的3/5n這個(gè)系數(shù)比那個(gè)小這個(gè)系數(shù)比那個(gè)小10倍倍n這里運(yùn)用了兩種方法的結(jié)合來設(shè)計(jì)共發(fā)放大這里運(yùn)用了兩種方法的結(jié)合來設(shè)計(jì)共發(fā)放大氣氣common-emitter amplifiern在這種情

12、況下，每個(gè)部件底部的壓力是一樣在這種情況下，每個(gè)部件底部的壓力是一樣的，所以該系統(tǒng)處于平衡形狀。的，所以該系統(tǒng)處于平衡形狀。線圖：line / curve chartn極值：峰值：peak (v. & n.), summit (v. & n.), highest point 谷值：touch the bottom (v.), nadir (n.), lowest point n穩(wěn)定時(shí)期：plateau (n.高原), lower stationary phase (低穩(wěn)時(shí)期) nA possible answer: (Band 6.5) According to the cur

13、ve chart, daily electricity need is higher in winter (38,000 units on average) than in summer (18,000 units on average). In winter, electricity consumption peaks at 2:00 am and 10:00 pm while it touches the bottom at 0:00 am and 8:00 am. On the other hand, in summer, it summits at 2:00 pm and 11:00

14、pm, but has a nadir at 9:00 am and a lower stationary phase from 4:00 pm to 9:00 pm.1 Speed is equal to the ratio of distance to time.2 An initial analysis of its performance has been made in this paper.3 The voltage across this resistor is three-fifths (of) the total voltage.4 This coefficient is a

15、 factor of 11 times less than that one.5 Here a combination of the two methods is used to design a common-emitter amplifier.6 In this case,the pressure at the bottom of each component is the same, so the system is in balance.圖形作文n按照圖形的種類柱、線、餅、表和流程圖進(jìn)展分類講解，線圖時(shí)偏重?cái)?shù)據(jù)的動(dòng)態(tài)變化描畫，餅圖時(shí)能夠需求重點(diǎn)講解百分比表達(dá)，表格數(shù)據(jù)較多時(shí)能夠需求講到

16、數(shù)據(jù)分類的思緒等。另一種方式是按照數(shù)據(jù)的表達(dá)方式橫比、縱比、百分比進(jìn)展思緒和言語的總結(jié)。 n圖：chart, graph, diagramn線：line / curve chartn柱圖：bar / column graphn餅：pie diagramn表：table / statistics / figuresThe bar graph demonstrates that the most UK visitors went to France and Spain, which were 11.0 and 9.5 million. Also, many British travelers we

17、re attracted by the USA (4.0 million), Greece (3.5 million) and Turkey (2.0 million). n復(fù)雜柱圖:bar / column graph復(fù)雜柱圖:bar / column graphn90% of those who held a skilled vocational diploma were men, compared with only 10% of women. More women held undergraduate diplomas (70%) and marginally more women r

18、eached degree level (55%). Men with postgraduate diplomas clearly outnumbered their female counterparts (70% and 30% respectively) 餅圖：pie diagramn“占： Occupy Be shared by Account for Be responsible for Be in charge of Be in the charge of 百分比: A small percentage of (X%) A quarter of The minority of (X

19、%)(小部分) Half of The majority of (X%) Most of (X%) One-fifth of A possible answer: (Band 6.5) 餅圖：pie diagramnThe pie graph demonstrates that heating rooms and water occupies the majority of electricity consumption (52.5%). Then, 17.5% of the electricity demand is shared by ovens, kettles and washing machines. Lighting, TV, radio and vacuum cleaners, food mixers, electric tools are responsible for the rest, with 15% each. 表格：table / statistics / figures表格：table / statistics / figuresn數(shù)字引入：圖表援用數(shù)字的三種主要方法 分詞短語： On average, 11% of all households, comprisin