英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之從句解析與習(xí)題1

1、一、引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接分類：引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類： 連詞（5個(gè)）：that（無意義，不可省，不充當(dāng)任何成分） whether,if（均表示“是否”表明從句內(nèi)容的不確定性） as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”） 以上在從句中均不充當(dāng)任何成分 連接代詞（9個(gè)）：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever 連接副詞（7個(gè)）：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 不可省略的連詞： 1. 介詞后的連詞 2.

2、引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句的連詞不可省略。 That she was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won. 比較whether與if 均為"是否"的意思。 但在下列情況下，只可用whether： 1. whether引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在句首 2. 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句 3. whether從句作介詞賓語(yǔ) 4. 從句后有"or not" 5. 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句 Whether he will come is not clear. 大部分連接詞引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句都可以置于句末，用

3、it充當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)。 It is not important who will go. It is still unknown which team will win the match. 二. 主語(yǔ)從句作句子主語(yǔ)的從句叫主語(yǔ)從句。主語(yǔ)從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how，when，where，why等詞引導(dǎo)。that在句中無詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分。例如： What he wants to tell us is no

4、t clear. 他要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。 Who will win the match is still unknown. 誰(shuí)能贏得這場(chǎng)比賽還不得而知。 It is known to us how he became a writer. 我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。 有時(shí)為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語(yǔ)it代替主語(yǔ)從句作形式主語(yǔ)放于句首，而把主語(yǔ)從句置于句末。主語(yǔ)從句后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下： （1

5、） It + be + 名詞 + that從句 （2）It + be + 形容詞 + that從句 （3）It + be + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 + that從句 （4）It + 不及物動(dòng)詞 + that 從句 另注意在主語(yǔ)從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣“(should) +do”，常用的句型有： It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that 三、賓語(yǔ)從句名詞從句用作賓語(yǔ)的從

6、句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，在句中可以作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或介詞及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。 1. 由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句2. 由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語(yǔ)或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時(shí),第二個(gè)分句前的that不可省。例如： He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已經(jīng)告訴我他明天要去上海。 We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good

7、 in nothing. 我們決不能認(rèn)為自己什么都好，別人什么都不好。 注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command, doubt等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動(dòng)詞后，賓語(yǔ)從句常用“（should）+ 動(dòng)詞原形”。例如： I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我堅(jiān)持要她自己工作。 The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令員命令部隊(duì)馬上出發(fā)。 2. 用who，whom,

8、which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句，應(yīng)注意句子語(yǔ)序要用陳述語(yǔ)序。例如： I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告訴了你什么。 She always thinks of how she can work well. 她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。 She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要幫助的人，她都會(huì)給予熱情的支持。 3. 用whether或i

9、f引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，其主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語(yǔ)序。此外，whether與if 在作“是否”的意思講時(shí)在下列情況下一般只能用whether，不用if： a. 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在句首時(shí)；b. 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)；c . 引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)；d. 從句后有“or not”時(shí)；e. 后接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)。例如： Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有沒有生命是個(gè)有趣的問題。 The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the tes

10、t?現(xiàn)在的問題是她是否應(yīng)該有一個(gè)低意見的測(cè)試？ Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢。 I wonder whether he will come or not. 我想知道他來還是不來。 Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 你能否告訴我是去還是留？ 4. 注意賓語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)，當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)自身的句子情況，而使用 不同時(shí)態(tài)。例如： I know (that) he studies English every day. （從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

11、） I know (that) he studied English last term. （從句用一般過去時(shí)） I know (that) he will study English next year. （從句用一般將來時(shí)） I know (that) he has studied English since 1998. （從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)） 當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)態(tài)（could, would除外），從句則要用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)，如一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)等；當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例如： The teacher told us that Tom

12、had left us for America 5. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等動(dòng)詞引起的否定性賓語(yǔ)從句中，要把上述主句中的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ健＜磳木渲械姆穸ㄐ问揭频街骶渲?。例如?We dont think you are here. 我們認(rèn)為你不在這。 I dont believe he will do so. 我相信他不會(huì)這樣做。 四、表語(yǔ)從句在句中作表語(yǔ)的從句叫表語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，表語(yǔ)從句位于連系動(dòng)詞后，有時(shí)用as if引導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ) + 系動(dòng)詞 + that從句。例如： The fact is

13、 that we have lost the game. 事實(shí)是我們已經(jīng)輸了這場(chǎng)比賽。 Thats just what I want. 這正是我想要的。 This is where our problem lies. 這就是我們的問題所在。 That is why he didnt come to the meeting. 那就是他為什么不到會(huì)的原因。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。 需要注意的，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是reason時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because。例如： The reason why he was late was

14、that he missed the train by one minute this morning . 【注意】whether 可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，但與之同義的if卻通常不用于引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。 五、同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容。同位語(yǔ)從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，可用于同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如： The news that we won

15、 the game is exciting.我們贏得這場(chǎng)比賽的消息令人激動(dòng)。 I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來。 The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能瑪麗生病了。 同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別： that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，充當(dāng)句子成分，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略； that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，起連詞的作用，沒有實(shí)際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般不能省略。 試比較下面兩個(gè)例句: I had no idea that you

16、were here（that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，不能省略） Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略） 六、名詞性that-從句（1）由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的從句叫做名詞性that-從句。That只起連接主句和從句的作用，在從句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，本身也沒有詞義。名詞性that-從句在句中能充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)和形容詞賓語(yǔ)，例如： 主語(yǔ)：That she is still alive is her luck.她還活著全靠運(yùn)氣。 賓語(yǔ)：John sa

17、id that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。 表語(yǔ)：The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事實(shí)是近來誰(shuí)也沒有見過他。 同位語(yǔ)：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 近來誰(shuí)也沒有見過他，這一事實(shí)令辦公室所有的人不安。 形容詞賓語(yǔ)：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你對(duì)工作滿意我感到很高興。

18、2）That-從句作主語(yǔ)通常用it作先行詞，而將that-從句置于句末，例如： It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整個(gè)計(jì)劃注定要失敗。 It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。 用it作形式主語(yǔ)的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系： a. It + be +形容詞+ that-從句 It is necessary that有必要 It is important that重要的是 It is obvious that很明顯

19、 b. It + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句 It is believed that人們相信 It is known to all that眾所周知 It has been decided that已決定 c. It + be +名詞+ that-從句 It is common knowledge that是常識(shí) It is a surprise that令人驚奇的是 It is a fact that事實(shí)是 d. It +不及物動(dòng)詞+ that-從句 It appears that似乎 It happens that碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起

20、七、名詞性wh-從句1）由wh-詞引導(dǎo)的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh-從句。Wh-詞包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。Wh-從句的語(yǔ)法功能除了和that-從句一樣外，還可充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)等，例如： 主語(yǔ)： How the book will sell depends on its author.書銷售如何取決于作者本人。 直接賓語(yǔ)：In one's own home one can do what one likes.在自

21、己家里可以隨心所欲。間接賓語(yǔ)：The club will give whoever wins a prize. 俱樂部將給得勝者設(shè)獎(jiǎng)。 表語(yǔ)： My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.我的問題是誰(shuí)將接任該基金會(huì)主席職位。 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高興給他起什么名字就取什么名字。 同位語(yǔ)：I have no idea when he will return. 我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來。 形容詞賓語(yǔ)：I'm not sure why sh

22、e refused their invitation.我尚不能肯定她為什么拒絕他們的邀請(qǐng)。 介詞賓語(yǔ)：That depends on where we shall go. 那取決于我們?nèi)ツ膬骸?2）Wh-從句作主語(yǔ)也常用先行詞it做形式主語(yǔ)，而將wh-從句置于句末，例如： It is not yet decided who will do that job. 還沒決定誰(shuí)做這項(xiàng)工作。 It remains unknown when they are going to get married.他們何時(shí)結(jié)婚依然不明。 八、if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句1）yes-no型疑問從句從屬連詞if,

23、whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉(zhuǎn)化而來的，因此也分別被稱為yes-no型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句，其功能和wh-從句的功能相同， 例如： 主語(yǔ)：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 這一計(jì)劃是否可行還有待證實(shí)。 賓語(yǔ)：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.請(qǐng)讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫完。 表語(yǔ)：The point is whether we should lend him the money.問題在于我

24、們是否應(yīng)該借錢給他。 同位語(yǔ)：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他們調(diào)查他是否值得信賴。 形容詞賓語(yǔ)： She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come.她懷疑我們是否能夠前來。 介詞賓語(yǔ)： I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.我擔(dān)心他是否能度過疾病的危險(xiǎn)期。 2）選擇性疑問從句選擇性疑問從句由關(guān)聯(lián)詞if/whetheror或whetheror

25、 not構(gòu)成，例如： Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 請(qǐng)告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。 I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計(jì)劃。 if和whether的區(qū)別： 1、 在動(dòng)詞不定式之前只能用whether 。如： 例8 I cant decide whether to stay. 我不能決定是否留下。 2、 在whether or not 的固定搭配中。如： 例9 I want to know whether its good ne

26、ws or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。 3 、在介詞后，只能用whether。如： 例10 His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父親擔(dān)心是否會(huì)失去工作。 4、賓語(yǔ)從句放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，只能用whether 。如： Whether this is true or not, I really dont know. 這是否真的，我真的不知道。 （例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他們是否能準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作還是個(gè)問題。

27、此例為主語(yǔ)從句，有誤，感謝指出） 5、用if會(huì)引起歧義時(shí)，只用whether。如： 例12 Could you tell me if you know the answer ? 這句話有兩種意思：“你能告訴我是否知道答案嗎？”或“如果你知道答案，請(qǐng)告訴我，好嗎？”。如用whether可避免歧義. 九、否定轉(zhuǎn)移1) 將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動(dòng)詞后面賓語(yǔ)從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用否定式，而從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用肯定式。 I don't think I know you.我想我并不認(rèn)識(shí)你。 I don

28、9; t believe he will come.我相信他不回來。 注意：若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為hope,賓語(yǔ)從句中的否定詞不能轉(zhuǎn)移。 I hope you weren't ill. 我想你沒有生病吧。 2) 將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到前面。 It doesn't seem that they know where to go. 看來他們不知道往哪去。 It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow. 看來我們明天不會(huì)碰上好天氣。 3) 有時(shí)將動(dòng)名詞，介詞短語(yǔ)或整個(gè)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷?duì)謂

29、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定。 I don't remember having ever seen such a man. 我記得從未見過這樣一個(gè)人。 (not否定動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ) having) It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street. 在這里，人們不會(huì)想到在街上會(huì)碰上陌生的人。 (anyone 作主語(yǔ)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不能用否定形式。) 4) 有時(shí)狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句中否定可以轉(zhuǎn)移到謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前。 The ant is not gathering this for itself

30、alone.(否定狀語(yǔ))螞蟻不只是為自己采食。 He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. (否定because狀語(yǔ)) 他并不因亞里斯多德說過如何如何，就輕信此事。 She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty.(否定狀語(yǔ)many weeks)她結(jié)婚還不到幾個(gè)星期，這個(gè)人的弟弟就看見她了，并對(duì)她的美貌著了迷。 十、高考熱點(diǎn)透視1.

31、 _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET 1995) A. There B. This C. That D. It 答案D。當(dāng)名詞從句在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)置于句首，而將真正的主語(yǔ)從句放在句尾。此時(shí)it只起先行引導(dǎo)作用，本身無實(shí)義。此句也可以改寫為：That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact. 2A computer can only do _ you

32、 have instructed it to do（NMET2001） Ahow Bafter Cwhat Dwhen 答案C。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子的空白處應(yīng)該填引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞，做主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞do的賓語(yǔ)，同時(shí)該連接詞還是從句中的do的賓語(yǔ)，因此，此處的連接詞應(yīng)該用what。 3. He asked _ for a violin（MET1992） A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 答案：D。賓語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句，句子語(yǔ)序要用陳述語(yǔ)序。 4. What the

33、doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon（上海2001年春季招生） A. when B. how C. whether D. why 答案C。這是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù) doubt一詞可知，所懷疑的應(yīng)是是否能治好病，所以要填whether。這句話的意思是“醫(yī)生真的懷疑我媽媽是否能很快從重病中恢復(fù)過來?！?5It is generally considered unwise to give a child _he or she wants. (NMET1997) A. however

34、B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 答案B。根據(jù)句意“一般認(rèn)為孩子要什么就給什么是不好的?！笨梢钥闯龊竺娴膹木鋺?yīng)是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，而從句中wants缺少賓語(yǔ)，A. however 和D. whenever是不能作賓語(yǔ)的；排除A和D，whichever表示“無論哪一個(gè)，無論哪些”，應(yīng)表示一定范圍內(nèi)的人或物，此處沒有涉及事物的范圍，所以應(yīng)選 Bwhatever，表示“無論什么”。 6. _leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. (MET1988) A. Anyone B. The person C.

35、Whoever D. Who 答案C。本題句子的意思是：無論誰(shuí)最后離開房間一定要把燈關(guān)掉。本題考查連接代詞whoever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，連接代詞whoever可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于any person who或The person who, 意為“一切的人”。而anyone和the person均非連詞，不能引導(dǎo)從句，況who leaves the room last意為“某個(gè)最后離開房間的人”，與題意不符，如果要選A. Anyone或B. The person，都必須在它們后面再加上引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞who。如果要選D. Who就體現(xiàn)不出“無論誰(shuí)”的含義了。 7.

36、 Sarah hopes to become a friend of _shares her interests. (Shanghai1995) A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 答案為C。本題句子的意思是：Sarah希望跟自己有共同愛好的人交朋友。疑問詞+ever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句與no matter+疑問詞引導(dǎo)的從句的區(qū)別是：前者既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；后者只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。首先排除A和D，從句中需要的是主語(yǔ)，所以whomever也不行。 8. - I drove to Zhuhai for the a

37、ir show last week. - Is that _ you had a few days off ? ( NMET1999) A. why B. what C. when D. where 答案A。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，甲說上周驅(qū)車去珠海觀看航模展覽。乙據(jù)此來詢問甲這是否是請(qǐng)幾天假的原因，故答案是A。答案B,C, D均與該題語(yǔ)境不符。根據(jù)上句提供的語(yǔ)境，下句應(yīng)該問“那就是你為什么離開幾天的原因嗎？” 9. I still remember _ this used to be a quiet village. ( NMET1993) A. when B. how C. where D. what

38、答案A。根據(jù)從句中缺少的句子成分是狀語(yǔ)，排除Dwhat，而答案C, D均與題意不符，所以應(yīng)選Awhen。used to be表示一種過去存在的狀態(tài)，本句的意思是“我仍然記得這里在什么時(shí)候是個(gè)寧?kù)o的地方。” 10I read about it in some book or other，does it matter _ it was？（2001春季招生） Awhere Bwhat Chow Dwhich 答案D。這是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句。主語(yǔ)從句中缺少表語(yǔ)。從上句的意思分析，應(yīng)是哪本書，所以要填which，這句話的意思是“我在某本書中讀到過有關(guān)這方面的內(nèi)容，是哪一本書重要嗎？”。 11. Informa

39、tion has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C when D. as (2001年上海) 答案B。該題考查that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，接在fact, news, promise, possibility, information, doubt, message名詞后，用來解釋或說明名詞的內(nèi)容。 12. I think it is going to be a big problem. Yes,

40、it could be. I wonder _ we can do about it. (北京 2002春季) A、if B、how C、what D、that 答案C。本題考察名詞性從句的連接詞的用法。wonder后面應(yīng)跟賓語(yǔ)從句，而從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞do是及物動(dòng)詞，可見從句缺少一個(gè)代替賓語(yǔ)的成分，我們可以用排除法排除不作成分的if和that，再排除引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)的how，答案是C，句子的意思是“我們能就此做些什么”。 十一、專項(xiàng)考點(diǎn)練習(xí)1. _that they found an unusual plant in the forest. A. It is said B. They are sa

41、id C. It said D. It says 答案A：句型It is said that+主語(yǔ)從句。類似的還有It is believed thatetc 2. _ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 答案A：觀察此從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，而能在主語(yǔ)從句中即充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)成分又引導(dǎo)的就只有what了 3. It worried Mary a lot _ she would pass the college entrance examination. A. whether B. i

42、f C. that D. how 4. Shanghai has taken on a new look. It isnt like _ it used to be . A .what B. how C. that D. which 5. _ is no possibility _ Bob will win the first prize in the match. A. There, that B. It, that C. There, whether D. It, whether 6. Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster

43、_ he had done the day before. A .that B. how C .what D. where 7. The old man smiled when he saw how pretty _ up to be during the past few years. A. had his daughter grown B. would his daughter grow C. his daughter would grow D. his daughter had grown 8. Have you seen Mary lately? My boss wants to know _. A. how she is getting along B. how is she getting along C. what she is getting along D. what is she getting along 9. _surprised me most was _such a little girl of seven could play the violin so well. A. That; what B. What; that C. That; t