書面表達(dá)講解與訓(xùn)練如何寫好情景寫作人教版

1、書面表達(dá)講解與訓(xùn)練 如何寫好情景寫作一. 本周教學(xué)內(nèi)容：書面表達(dá)講解與訓(xùn)練如何寫好情景寫作寫作體裁訓(xùn)練 1）記敘文 2）描述文考題的設(shè)置和要求：教學(xué)大綱的要求:書面表達(dá)是來考查學(xué)生是否能夠運(yùn)用所學(xué)過的英語知識(shí)和掌握的技巧進(jìn)行思想交流，也就是說考查綜合運(yùn)用英語的能力。試題的設(shè)置: 更貼近實(shí)際生活，與日常生活息息相關(guān)，讓考生有話可說,更能充分的考察出學(xué)生的語言交際能力?？疾槟繕?biāo)和要求：要求考生根據(jù)所給情景，用英語寫一篇100個(gè)單詞左右的短文。（北京試卷要求字?jǐn)?shù)不少于60字）情景包括目的、對(duì)象、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、內(nèi)容等；提供情景的形式有圖畫、圖表、提綱等。近年來的書面表達(dá)一覽表：2000全國卷根據(jù)目擊的交

2、通事故給警察局寫一份材料2001全國卷根據(jù)表格所提供的內(nèi)容談一談減負(fù)給你的學(xué)習(xí)和生活帶來的變化2001春邀請(qǐng)你的美國朋友Peter來你校在下月舉辦的美國電影節(jié)上給學(xué)生講一次關(guān)于美國電影方面的講座2002全國卷根據(jù)表格所提供的內(nèi)容談一談公園要不要收門票2002北京卷寫一篇野外生存訓(xùn)練的日記2002 春給你的美國朋友寫信介紹你們是如何慶祝申奧成功的，并邀請(qǐng)他2008年來中國2003全國卷寫信給你的朋友介紹為他找的住房情況2003北京卷記述一次配合迎奧運(yùn)宣傳學(xué)雷鋒活動(dòng)2003春向一外教請(qǐng)求有關(guān)選擇劇目方面的幫助，請(qǐng)他給予一些建議2004北京卷根據(jù)圖表說明學(xué)生課外生活并談?wù)勀愕目捶?。出題方式：文字，表

3、格，圖畫，圖表出題趨勢(shì)：敘述加議論，說明加議論如何寫好情景寫作1. 認(rèn)真審題，確定體裁及篇章結(jié)構(gòu)或提綱（包括開頭點(diǎn)題句，中間具體內(nèi)容以及結(jié)尾（包括再現(xiàn)主題，感想和希望）。記敘往往和議論密不可分，說明也會(huì)包含于議論中，成為它的支撐論據(jù)。2. 再讀細(xì)節(jié)，確定人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、主要情節(jié)、句式等。尤其要考慮動(dòng)詞：搭配(動(dòng)詞與名詞的搭配、動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配)，相關(guān)同義詞或詞組(例如，visit, have a visit, pay a visit, on a visit to)。3. 成文（10句左右），囊括要點(diǎn)，按照文體和篇章要求組織語篇。4. 潤(rùn)色，注意措辭、復(fù)雜句式及承上啟下的自然銜接，校對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)。寫作體裁

4、練習(xí)：學(xué)習(xí)如何寫記敘文：記敘文主要是記述所發(fā)生的事情和經(jīng)歷。常見的形式有：故事、傳記、游記、日記、新聞報(bào)道等。記敘文的寫作要素：1. 要交代清楚五要素的內(nèi)容即：where, when, what, who, how。2. 事件可按時(shí)間或空間順序敘述。3. 時(shí)態(tài)通常是與過去有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。（如果是當(dāng)前的經(jīng)常性事件，自然，社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。通常用與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。）記敘文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)： 開頭the beginning-交代必要的背景，如：時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，人物等。中間the middle-交代故事情節(jié)（事情的主體）。如：事件的發(fā)生，發(fā)展和前因后果結(jié)尾the ending-事情的結(jié)果或感想，愿望等（the result

5、 or feeling）在記敘文中常用到的連接詞：橫 線First . Then . Next . Finally縱 線Some . Some . Others;The boys . The girls .; Some Ss . Tome others . The rest of us / them .時(shí)間順序Early in the morning / In the early morning; In the middle of the day / At noon; Late in the afternoon / In the late afternoon; Far / Deep into

6、the night;In the past / At present / In the future ;First, second, next, then, finally;At first, in the beginning; at last, in the end; Shortly afterwards, at once, immediately, all of a sudden, suddenly, soon;The moment, as soon as, the first time, not until, next time, before, after, etc;2002年高考書面

7、表達(dá)（北京卷）你和李明參加一次野外生存訓(xùn)練。以下5幅圖畫表現(xiàn)了野外訓(xùn)練活動(dòng)的過程，請(qǐng)根據(jù)圖示寫一篇英文日記。注意：1詞數(shù)100左右 2日記的開頭與結(jié)尾已為你寫好。生詞：指南針：compass 手電筒：flashlight 急救包:first-aid kit 宿營地：campsiteSaturday,May4,2002 Cloudy Li Ming and I took part in a wilderness survival programme yesterday, and it was one of the most unforgettable experiences since high

8、 school. The two of us spent the night in the forest. We learned to use knowledge gained in classroom training to solve problems in the field. It was quite an experience for us both, which Ill never forget for the rest of my life.2002.高考學(xué)生習(xí)作分析（ 北京卷）1.Saturday,May4,2002 Cloudy Li Ming and I took part

9、 in a wilderness survival programme yesterday, and it was one of the most unforgettable experiences since high school. The two of us were to reach the campsite by evening. We set out early in the morning , eager to face the adventure. I was carrying a camp and a compass in my bag, while Li Ming load

10、ed his with some bread, matches, candles, a map , a knife , a first-aid kit, a flashlight, and some clothes. We followed the marked route until we reached a brook. We had to swim across it, floating our supplies on a piece of wood in order to keep them dry. Whats worse, we lost sight of the signs on

11、 the other side of the brook! Thanks to the compass, we finally arrived at the campsite on time, and managed to make the camp and a fire. The two of us spent the night in the forest. We learned to use knowledge gained in classroom training to solve problems in the field. It was quite an experience f

12、or us both, which Ill never forget for the rest of my life.如何寫描述文描述文是把人物， 事件， 景觀， 地點(diǎn)，環(huán)境等用語言生動(dòng)、形象地描繪出來。描述人物 ：1）開頭要進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)明的介紹(introduction) 2）文章主體(main part)可按時(shí)間順序或事件的主次進(jìn)行描述 3)結(jié)尾(conclusion)可進(jìn)行評(píng)論或談感受。描述地點(diǎn) ：1）要準(zhǔn)確使用表示方位的詞及短語 2）描述地點(diǎn)的位置通常要從上到下，從里到外，從左到右，從遠(yuǎn)到近。 3）注意詳略。重點(diǎn)部分要突出，詳細(xì)描述。學(xué)習(xí)并牢記下列常用短語和句型空間順序at the fron

13、t/back of something, with . in the centre /around a place; in front of, behind; next to, close to, in and around;on the left/ right;in the south, in the west / east / north;on the other side / opposite side of, inside, outside; where etc;常用短語和句型：方位1. There is a tall shelf on the left of my room.(on

14、the right of, in the front of, near the window)2. Above the bed, there is a large painting of the blue sea. (on the right of the room)3. Next to it is a bed. (in front of it, at the back of, in the middle of, to the right of)4. They are opposite the door.(on the left/right of the room.)5. The office

15、 building is in the east of the campus.(in the south of, to the west of, in front of, behind, at the back of )6. The monument, which was built in 1894, stands in the center of the square.描述國家，城市狀況等1. China is located in Asia. (be situated be surrounded by , lie to the east of )2. It covers a huge ar

16、ea of 9,600 000 square kilometers.3. The population of this city is 100,000 .路線1. When you come out of(get toreach)2. Cross the street (river) (keep walking along walk down)3. Turn right at the end of Bridge Street into Riverside Road. (the second traffic lights, the first crossing)4. Take the first

17、 turning on your left. 5. Go straight on to the traffic light and then turn right.6. Youll see(find) it next to the cinema.2003年高考書面表達(dá)假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國筆友Bob將9月到你所在城市的建新華文學(xué)校學(xué)中文，來信請(qǐng)你在學(xué)校附近為他找一套住房。請(qǐng)根據(jù)畫面提供的信息，寫信介紹住房的情況，并告之住房面積為25平方米，月租500元。注意：1. 詞數(shù) 100左右；2. 房租rentDear Bob,_ Yours, Li Hua Possible version:Dear

18、Bob, Im so glad to learn that youre coming in September. Ive found a place for you. Its a small flat of 25 square meters, with a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen. In the bedroom there is a bed, a sofa, a desk and a chair. The rent is 500 yuan per month. The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street,

19、which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. Bus No.11 can take you straight to the school. In fact, its only one stop. Do you think youd like it? If not, I can try and find another place for you. Just let me know. Yours, Li Hua 一. 假如你是李華， 昨天學(xué)校為你們舉辦了18歲成人儀式。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下列要點(diǎn)給你在美國的筆友發(fā)一封電子郵件，描述儀式過程并簡(jiǎn)述你的感受。1.

20、成人宣誓2. 感謝家長(zhǎng)和老師的教育培養(yǎng)3. 老師送賀卡4. 表演節(jié)目注意：（1）郵件必須包括以上要點(diǎn)，可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；（2）詞數(shù)：100左右；（3）開頭結(jié)尾已為你寫好。生詞： 宣誓：make an oath 儀式：ceremonyDear Tom,It is great to receive your email. Now Id like to tell you something that took place in my school yesterday._二. 假設(shè)你是李華， 你的美國朋友Mike將于6月底到北京作短暫停留，請(qǐng)你幫他安排一天的活動(dòng)。 要求用所給的示意圖寫一封信向他提出建議并

21、對(duì)各地點(diǎn)加以簡(jiǎn)單的介紹。注意：（1）包括示意圖中的主要內(nèi)容（2）詞數(shù)100左右（3）信的開頭已寫好（4）生詞：圖書城 Book TownDear Mike, Im glad to hear you are coming soon. Ive planned a one-day trip for you in Beijing. _三. 假如你是王平，即將赴英國學(xué)習(xí)，今天早上剛剛買到機(jī)票，請(qǐng)根據(jù)票上標(biāo)明的起飛時(shí)間，中途停頓的地點(diǎn)，在英國等候的時(shí)間及到達(dá)終點(diǎn)的時(shí)間，寫信告訴將到機(jī)場(chǎng)接你的英國朋友John。FROMTOFLIGHTDATETIMEARRBeijingHongkongCA368Dec212

22、0:00PM21:30PMHongkongLondonDec2122:00PM8:00AMLondonGlasgowBA163Dec2210:00PM11:00AM注意：1）詞數(shù)100-120 2） 信的開頭已給出。 Dec 10th 2001Dear John,_ 【試題答案】一. Dear Tom,It is great to receive your email. Now Id like to tell you something that took place in my school yesterday. In the afternoon we held a growing-up c

23、eremony for our coming 18-year-old birthday. At first we made an oath that as grown-up we should have a sense of duty for our society from now on. Then we showed our thanks to our parents who had gone through hardships to bring us up and teachers who have been educating us patiently. And our teacher

24、s also gave us cards expressing their good wishes to us. Finally, we put on wonderful performances, singing and dancing. We learned a lot from the activity. I think its very important for us. I will remember the day in my life.二.Dear Mike, Im glad to hear you are coming soon. Ive planned a one-day t

25、rip for you in Beijing. In the morning you can first go to the Summer Palace, which is one of the most beautiful parks in Beijing. There you can go boating and climbing. Its also a nice place for taking pictures. Then in the middle of the day you can enjoy a Chinese lunch in a restaurant. In the afternoon, I suggest you visit Beijing University. As you know, it is famous b