WhyTheyExcel文章內(nèi)容及翻譯

1、Why They Excel Fox ButterfieldWhy are the Asian-Americans doing so well? Do they have higher 10s than other Americans? Or are they actually teaching the rest of us a lesson about values we have long treasured bun may have misplaced like harwork, the family and education? 為什么亞裔美國(guó)人表現(xiàn)得這么好?他們的10 分比其他美國(guó)人

2、高嗎?還是說(shuō)， 他們實(shí)際上是在向我們其他人傳授我們長(zhǎng)期珍視的價(jià)值觀比如努力工作、家庭和教育 可能已經(jīng)被取代了 ?Fortunately, the young Asians achievements have led to a series of intriguing studies.Sanford M. Dornbusch, a professor of sociology at Sanford, found, in surveys of 7,000 students in six San Francisco-area high schools that Asian-Americans con

3、sistently get better grades than any other group of students, regardless of their parents' level of education or their families' social and economic status, the usual indicators of success. 幸運(yùn)的是，亞洲年輕人的成就引發(fā)了一系列有趣的研究。桑福德幡恩布什,社會(huì)學(xué)教授桑福德,發(fā)現(xiàn) ,在圣舊金山地區(qū)6 所中學(xué)的 7000 名學(xué)生的調(diào)查,亞裔美國(guó)人一直得到更好的成績(jī)比任何其他組的學(xué)生,不管他們的父

4、母的教育程度或其家庭的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位,通常成功的指標(biāo)。Other studies have shown similar results. Perhaps the most disturbing have come in a series of studies by a University of Michigan psychologist, Harold W. Stevenson, who has compared more than 7,000 students in kindergarten, first grade, third grade and fifth grade in Chica

5、go and Minneapolis with counterparts in Beijing, Taipei and Sendai. In a series of math tests, the Americans did worst at all grade levels.其他研究也顯示了類似的結(jié)果?；蛟S最令人不安的是密歇根大學(xué)(University of Michigan)心理學(xué)家哈羅德 Wfc蒂文森(Harold W.Stevenson羽一系列研究，他對(duì)芝加哥和明尼阿波利斯市的7000多名幼兒園、一年級(jí)、 三年級(jí)和五年級(jí)學(xué)生與北京、臺(tái)北和仙臺(tái)的學(xué)生進(jìn)行了比較。 在一系列的數(shù)學(xué)測(cè)試中，

6、美國(guó)人在各個(gè)年級(jí)的成績(jī)都最差。Stevenson found no differences in IQ. But if the differences in performance are showing up in kindergarten, it suggests something is happening in the family, even before the children get to school.史蒂文森沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)智商上的差異。 但是， 如果孩子們?cè)谟變簣@的表現(xiàn)有所不同， 這就意味著在孩子們上學(xué)之前， 家庭中就已經(jīng)發(fā)生了一些變化。It is here that the v

7、arious studies converge: Asian parents are able to instill more motivation in their children.“bMotytom line is, Asian kidswork hard," said Professor Dornbusch.正是在這里，各種研究匯聚在一起:亞洲父母能夠給他們的孩子灌輸更多的動(dòng)力。 “我的概論是，亞洲孩子努力學(xué)習(xí)， ”多恩布施教授說(shuō)。In his survey of San Francisco-area high schools, for example, he reporte

8、d that Asian-Americans do an average of 7.03 hours of homeworkweek.Non-Hispanicwhitesaverage6. 12 hours, blacks 4.23 hours and Hispanics 3.08 hours. Asiansalsoscor e highest on a seriesof other measuresof effort, such as fewer classcutsa nd paying more attention to the teacher.例如，在他對(duì)舊金山地區(qū)高中的調(diào)查中，他報(bào)告稱

9、，亞裔美國(guó)人平均每周做 7.03 小時(shí)的家庭作業(yè)。非西班牙裔白人平均為 6。 12 小時(shí)，黑人 4.23小時(shí)，西班牙裔3.08小時(shí)。亞洲人在一系列其他衡量努力程度的指標(biāo)上也得分最高，比如減少曠課次數(shù)和更關(guān)注老師。Don Lee, 20, is a junior at Berkeley. His parentsimmigrated to Torrance, Calif, from South Korea when hewas5, so he could get a better educatio n. Lee said his father would warn him aboutthedang

10、erof wasting time at high school dancesor football games."Instead,"he added,"for fun on we ekends,my friends and I would go to the town library to study. ” 20歲的唐李(Don Lee)是伯克利分校的一名大三學(xué)生。他的父母在他 5 歲的時(shí)候從韓國(guó)移民到加州的托倫斯，這樣他就可以接受更好的教 育。李說(shuō)他的父親會(huì)警告他在高中舞會(huì)或足球比賽中浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的危 險(xiǎn)。 “相反， ”他補(bǔ)充道， “為了周末的樂(lè)趣，我和朋友們會(huì)去

11、鎮(zhèn)上的 圖書館學(xué)習(xí)。 ”The real question, then is how do Asian parentsimbuetheiroffspringwith this kindof motivation?Stevenson'sstudysuggestsa critical answer.When the Asian parentswere askedwh y they think their children do well, they most often said"hard work".By c ontrast, Americanparentssaid

12、"talent". Americans now believe that somekids have it ands ome don't, sowe begindividing up classesinto fastlearnersand slow learners,wherethe Chinese and Japanesebelieve thatall children can learn from the samecurriculum. 那么，真正的問(wèn)題是，亞洲父母如何向他們的子女灌輸這種動(dòng)機(jī)?史蒂文森的研究給出了一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的答案。 當(dāng)亞洲父母被問(wèn)及為什么他們 認(rèn)

13、為自己的孩子表現(xiàn)得很好時(shí)，他們最常說(shuō)的是 “努力工作” 。相比之下，美國(guó)父母說(shuō)的是 “才能 ”。美國(guó)人現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為有些孩子有這種能力， 有些孩子沒(méi)有， 所以我們開(kāi)始把課堂分為快學(xué)習(xí)者和慢學(xué)習(xí)者， 中國(guó) 人和日本人認(rèn)為所有的孩子都能從相同的課程中學(xué)習(xí)。The Asians' belief in hard work also spring from their common heritage o f Confucianism,the philosophy of Confucius who taught that man can be perfectedthrough practice. &qu

14、ot;Confucius is not just some characters out of the past he is an everyday reality to these people, ” said William Liu, a sociologist who directs the Pacific Asian-American Menta l Health ResearchCenterat the University of Illinois in Chicago. 亞洲人對(duì)努力工作的信仰也源于他們共同的儒家思想，即孔子的哲 學(xué)， 他教導(dǎo)人們可以通過(guò)實(shí)踐來(lái)完善自己。 芝加哥伊利

15、諾伊大學(xué)太平 洋亞裔美國(guó)人心理健康研究中心主任、社會(huì)學(xué)家威廉劉(William Liu) 說(shuō) : “孔子不僅是一些脫離了過(guò)去的人物，對(duì)這些人來(lái)說(shuō)，他是每天都 要面對(duì)的現(xiàn)實(shí)。Confucianism provides another important ingredient in the Asians success. "In the Confucian ethic" Liu continued, "there is a centripetal family that makes people work for the honor of the family, no

16、t just for themselves." Liu came to the United States from China in 1948."You can never repay your parents, and there is a strong sense of guilt," he said. "It is a strong force." 儒家思想是亞洲人成功的另一個(gè)重要因素。 “在儒家倫理中， ”劉繼續(xù) 說(shuō)道， “有一個(gè)向心的家庭，讓人們?yōu)榧彝サ臉s譽(yù)而工作，而不僅僅 是為他們自己。 ”劉于 1948年從中國(guó)來(lái)到美國(guó)。他說(shuō):

17、“你永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法報(bào)答你的父母，你有一種強(qiáng)烈的負(fù)罪感。 ”“這是一股強(qiáng)大的力量。 ” Underlying this bond between Asian parents and their children is yet another factor I noticed during 15 years or living in China,Japan and Vietnam.It is simply that Asian parents establish a closer physical tie to their infants than do most parents in he Unite

18、d States. When I let my baby son and daughter crawl on the floor, for example, my Chinese friends were horrified and rushed to pick them up. We think this constant attention is overindulgence and old-fashioned, but for Asians, who still live through the lives of their children, it is highly effectiv

19、e.我注意到，在過(guò)去15 年里，或者在中國(guó)、日本和越南生活期間，亞洲父母與子女之間的這種紐帶是另一個(gè)因素。 原因很簡(jiǎn)單， 與美國(guó)的 大多數(shù)父母相比，亞洲父母與他們的孩子建立了更緊密的身體聯(lián)系。 比如， 當(dāng)我讓年幼的兒子和女兒在地板上爬行時(shí)， 我的中國(guó)朋友們嚇壞了， 趕緊去把他們抱起來(lái)。 我們認(rèn)為這種持續(xù)的關(guān)注是過(guò)度放縱和過(guò)時(shí)的，但是對(duì)于亞洲人來(lái)說(shuō)，他們?nèi)匀贿^(guò)著孩子的生活，這種關(guān)注 是非常有效的。Yuen Huo, 22, senior at Berkeley, recalled growing up in an apartment above the Chinese restaurant he

20、r immigrant parents owned and operated.“ They used to tell us how they came from China to the United States for us, how they sacrificed for us, so 1 had a strong sense of indebtedness, Huo said. When she did not get all A's in her first semester at Berkeley, she recalled, “ I felt guilty and wor

21、ked harder.”22 歲的云霍 （音譯 ）是伯克利分校的大四學(xué)生，她回憶起自己的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷。她的父母是移民，開(kāi)了一家中餐館，樓上就是她的公寓。 “他們 常常告訴我們，他們?nèi)绾螐闹袊?guó)來(lái)到美國(guó)，如何為我們做出犧牲，所 以我有一種強(qiáng)烈的債務(wù)感， ”霍說(shuō)。她回憶說(shuō)，在伯克利的第一個(gè)學(xué)期，她沒(méi)有得到所有的 A ， “我感到內(nèi)疚，于是更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)。 ”Here too is a vital clue about the Asians' success: Asian parents except a high level of academic performance. In the Stanford study comparing white and Asian students in San Francisco high schools, 82 percent of the Asian parents said they would accept only an A or a B from their children, while just 59 percent of w