定語(yǔ)從句-中考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)

1、.1(定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句).2概念概念:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞 的句子的句子. (Attributive clause)Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容詞作定語(yǔ)形容詞作定語(yǔ)句子作定語(yǔ)句子作定語(yǔ),修飾修飾girl, 叫做叫做定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句.3The Attributive Clause （定語(yǔ)從句）（定語(yǔ)從句）v定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞。v學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)鍵是如何選擇關(guān)聯(lián)詞學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)鍵是如何選擇關(guān)聯(lián)詞。v由于關(guān)系代詞在主句與從句間既起到聯(lián)系作用，又

2、在從由于關(guān)系代詞在主句與從句間既起到聯(lián)系作用，又在從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分，因此，句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分，因此， 要正確判斷關(guān)系代詞在從要正確判斷關(guān)系代詞在從句中的功能，如作主語(yǔ)還是賓語(yǔ)等。句中的功能，如作主語(yǔ)還是賓語(yǔ)等。.41.The man is a worker.2.The man is speaking at the meeting.合并句子合并句子: : The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.5Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并為一個(gè)句子合并為一個(gè)句子Mary is a girl who has

3、 long hair.6先行詞先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句Mary is a girl who has long hair.關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞which, who, whom, whose, thatWhere, when.7 定語(yǔ)從句的用法定語(yǔ)從句的用法: :當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí), , 用用which 或或that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo). .These are the trees which were planted last year.當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí), , 用用who, whom, whose, that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo).8指人指人指物指物主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)that wh

4、ichwhowhom關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞的用法 關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：何時(shí)可以省略？何時(shí)可以省略？做做賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略時(shí)可以省略.9who 作定語(yǔ)從句的作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ). The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ).10Whom 作定語(yǔ)從句的作定語(yǔ)從句的賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The

5、 woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ).11who指人指人,作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) (作賓語(yǔ)可省略）作賓語(yǔ)可省略）The man who I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.whom指人指人, ,作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ) ( (作賓語(yǔ)可省略作賓語(yǔ)可省略, , 如介詞提前則不能省如介詞提前則不能省) The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.The man to whom

6、I nodded is Professor Li.12whose 作定語(yǔ)從句的作定語(yǔ)從句的定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ). I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ).13whosewhose多指人，也可指物，指物時(shí)可與多指人，也可指物，指物時(shí)可與 of whichof which互換使用?；Q使用。Whose is used instead for Whose is used instead for his/her/their/its.his/her/their

7、/its.This is the book This is the book whosewhose cover is blue. cover is blue.This is the book This is the book of whichof which the cover is blue the cover is blue. .14that 可以作定語(yǔ)從句的可以作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ).注意注意: : 關(guān)系代詞作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可關(guān)系代詞作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可 省略省略. . The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.15

8、A plane is a machine. It can fly.A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man. I told you about him.He is the man (that) I told you about.16 which 指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) (作賓語(yǔ)可作賓語(yǔ)可省省 略略, 如介詞提前則不能省如介詞提前則不能省) These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder （which） he is using ismade in Ja

9、pan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrowbooks?.17The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.如果介詞提前，作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞不能省略如果介詞提前，作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞不能省略v指物，只用指物，只用 whichv指人指人, ,只用只用whomIs this the library from which you borrow books?Is this the library (which) you bor

10、row books from?The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.18下列情況只能用下列情況只能用that序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)adjadj修飾先行詞時(shí)修飾先行詞時(shí) Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known. all, everything, nobody 等不定代等不定代詞作先行詞時(shí)詞作先行詞時(shí) Everything that we saw in this film was true. .191. I have a friend _ likes listening to classica

11、l music.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.204. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6. Kevin is reading a book _ is

12、 too difficult for him.which/that.217. Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.8.All _ we can do is to study hard.9. The first one _ stands up is a little boy.thatthatthat.22Which baby is JackWhich baby is Jack? ?穿紅褲子的baby是Jack。The baby is Jack.The baby is Jack.whose trousers are redwho is w

13、earing red trousersJack.23Which house is mineWhich house is mine? ?房頂是棕色的房子是我的。The house is mine.whose roof is brownThe house is mine.of which the roof is brownMy house.24填空填空1 The earthquake _ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.2 We dont know the number of people _ lost their

14、homes in the 1906 earthquake.3 The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.4 A house _ is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake.5Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake.6 people _ study earthquakes thinks that there will be another big one soon.which/t

15、hatwho/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwho/whomwho.251.這就是救了那個(gè)孩子命的醫(yī)生這就是救了那個(gè)孩子命的醫(yī)生.This is the doctor who saved the boys life.2.正在跑步的那個(gè)人是我的叔叔正在跑步的那個(gè)人是我的叔叔.The man who is running is my uncle.263. 我喜歡可以隨之而唱的音樂(lè)我喜歡可以隨之而唱的音樂(lè). I like the music that I can sing along with.4. 住在隔壁的那個(gè)女的是一名教師住在隔壁的那個(gè)女的是一名教師. The woman w

16、ho lives next door is a teacher.27.28whenwhen在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“介詞介詞+ + 關(guān)系代詞（關(guān)系代詞（whichwhich）”。Ill never forget the day Ill never forget the day whenwhen I joined the league. I joined the league.on whichwherewhere在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“介詞介詞+ + 關(guān)系代詞（關(guān)系代詞（whichwhich）”。This is the hous