人教版高中英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、人教版必修一各單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit 12345One Friendship一、重點(diǎn)短語1. go through 經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受get through 通過；完成；接通電話2. set down 記下，放下3. a series of 一系列4. on purpose 有目的的5. in order to 為了6. at dusk 傍晚，黃昏時(shí)刻7. face to face 面對面8. fall in love 愛上9. join in 參加（某個(gè)活動(dòng)） ；take part in 參加（活動(dòng)）join 加入（組織，團(tuán)隊(duì)，并成為其中一員）10. calm down 冷靜下來11. suffer

2、 from 遭受12. be/get tired of 對感到厭倦13. be concerned about關(guān)心14. get on/along well with 與相處融洽15. be good at/do well in 擅長于 16. find it + adj. to do sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是 17. no longer / not any longer 不再 18. too much 太多（后接不可數(shù)n.）much too 太（后接 adj.）19. not - until 直到才20. its no pleasure doing sth 做 并不開心21. make sb.

3、sth.使某人成為 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事二、語法 直接引語和間接引語概念 ：直接引語：直接引述別人的原話。一般前后要加引號(hào)。股前后要加引號(hào)間接引語：用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話。問接引語在多數(shù)情況下可構(gòu)成賓語從句且不要加引號(hào)。例： Mr. Black said, Im busy：Mr. Black said that he was busy.變化規(guī)則（一）陳述句的變化規(guī)則直接引語如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，用連詞 that （可省略）引導(dǎo)，從句中 的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語都要發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化。人稱的變化一一人稱的變化主要是要理解句子的意思例：1. He s

4、aid, I like it very much. f He said that he liked it very much.2. He said to me, “ Vleft my book in your room. ”f He told me that he had left his book in my room.時(shí)態(tài)的變化直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)例：I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary: said Anne

5、.fAnne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary.The boy said, Im using a knife.”f The boy said that he was using a knife.注意：如果直接引語是客觀真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變，如：He said, Light travels much faster than sound.He said that light travels much faster than sound.指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和動(dòng)詞的變化直接引語間接引語

6、thisthatthesethosenowthenagobefore/earliertodaythat dayyesterdaythe day beforetomorrowthe next/following daythe day after tomorrowIn two days timecomegoheretherethe day before yesterdaytwo days before/earlier（二）祈使句的變化規(guī)則如果直接引語是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，要將祈使句的動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并根據(jù)句子意思在不定式前加上 tell/ask/order等動(dòng)詞，如果祈使句是否 定

7、句，在不定式前面還要加上 not。例：The hostess said to us ,Please sit down.f The hostess asked us to sit down.He said, Dont make so much noise, boys.f He told the boys not to make so much noise.（三）疑問句的變化規(guī)則如果直接引語是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)要把疑問句語序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序，句末用句號(hào)。一般疑問句：如果直接引語是一般疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞是say或said時(shí)，要改為ask或asked原問句變?yōu)橛蒳f/whether引導(dǎo)

8、的賓語從句。例:Do you think a diary can become your friend? the writer says.f The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.2）特殊疑問句：如果間接引語是特殊疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，仍用原來的引導(dǎo)詞，但疑問句要變?yōu)殛愂鼍洹＠篧hat do you want?” he asked me.f He asked me what I wantedUnit two English around the world一、重點(diǎn)短語1. be different from

9、 與不同be the same asW 一樣2. one another相互， 彼止匕（=each other）3. official language 官方語言4. at the end of在結(jié)束時(shí)5. because of 因?yàn)椋ê蠼用~或名詞性短語）because因?yàn)椋ê蠼泳渥樱?. native speakers 說母語的人7. be based on根據(jù)，依據(jù)8. at present 目前；當(dāng)今9. especially 特別，尤其specially 專門地10. make use of 利用make the best of充分利J用 11. a large number of大

10、量的，很多（作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)） the number of的數(shù)量（作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)）12. in fact = actually= as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上13. believe it or not 信不信由你14. there is no such thing as-沒有這樣的事 15. be expected to 被期待做某事16. play a part/role in 在起作用17. make lists of列清單18. included 包括（前面接包括的對象）Including 包括（后接包括的對象）19. command sb. to do

11、sth.命令某人去做某事command + that 從句（從句用 should+V 原）20. request sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事request + that 從句 （從句用 should+V 原）二、語法-英語中的命令（command）語氣和請求（request）語氣命令語氣 ：表示直接命令某人做某事，語氣比較重，不怎么禮貌，一般用于上級(jí)對下級(jí)例： 1. “Look at the example”, the teacher said to us.2. Open the window!請求語氣 ：表示請求某人做某事，語氣比較緩和，非常禮貌例： 1. “Would yo

12、u like to see my flat?” She asked.2. Would you please open the window?Unit 3 Travel journal一、重點(diǎn)短語1. travel泛指旅行journey指長時(shí)間長距離的陸上旅行voyage指長距離的水上旅行，也可以指乘飛機(jī)旅行trip 常指短時(shí)間短距離的旅行tour指周游，巡回旅游，2. prefer to 更加喜歡，寧愿prefer A to B 比起 B ，更喜歡 Aprefer doing to doing 比起做 ， 寧愿做 prefer to do rather than do 與其做 ，不如3. fl

13、ow through 流過，流經(jīng)4. ever since 自從5. persuade sb. to do sth說服某人做某事6. be fond of 喜歡7. insist on doing 堅(jiān)持做某事insist + that 從句（用 should+ V 原）8. care about 關(guān)心9. change ones mind 改變想法10. altitude 高度attitude 態(tài)度，看法11. make up one s mind to do 下定決心做某事= decide to do = make a decision to do12. give in 讓步，屈服give

14、up 放棄13. be surprised to 對感到驚奇 to one s surprise令某人驚訝的是 14. at last = finally = in the end 最終15. stop to do 停下來去做某事stop doing 停止做某事16. as usual 像往常一樣17. sothat如此 以至于So + adj + a/an + n. + thatSuch + a/an +adj. + n. + that18. be familiar with對熟悉（人作主語） be familiar to為所熟悉（物作主語）二、語法 :現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來， 表

15、示最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作， 常見的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表 將來的動(dòng)詞有： come/ go / leave/ arrive / travel / take / stay/ d期.例： 1. Im coming. 我就來2. what are you doing next Sunday ?你下個(gè)星期天做什么？3. I hear that you are travelling along Mekong River. 我聽說你將沿湄公河旅行4. Where are you staying at night?你們晚上待在哪里 /Unit four Earthquakes一、重點(diǎn)短語1. right awa

16、y 立刻，馬上（= at once = in no time）2. asleep睡著的；熟睡地（fall asleep入睡）sleep 睡；睡眠sleepy 犯困的3. it seems that/ as if 看來好像；似乎4. in ruins 成為廢墟5. the number of的數(shù)量（謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)）a number of 大量（謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)）6. rescue workers 營救人員Come to one s rescue 營救某人7. be trapped 被困8. how long 多長時(shí)間how often 多久，指平率how soon還要多久（用于將來時(shí)當(dāng)中，用in+

17、時(shí)間段回答）9. hundreds of thousands of成千上萬的10. dig out 挖出11. shake泛指 “動(dòng)搖，震動(dòng)”,常指左右、上下動(dòng)搖，也可以指人“震驚，顫抖”例： 1. She felt the earth shaking under him.2. She was shaken with anger.quake 指較強(qiáng)烈的震動(dòng)，如地震例 : The building quaked on its foundationTremble 指人由于寒冷、恐懼、不安等引起的身體的抖動(dòng)或聲音的顫抖例： Suddenly I saw her lips begin to tremb

18、le and tears begin to flow down her cheeks.Shiver 多指寒冷引起的顫抖、哆嗦例： A sudden gust of cold wind made me shiver.12. rise （rose risen）vi, 上升；升起， 無被動(dòng)語態(tài)； give rise to 引起Raise（ raised raised） vt, 舉起；籌集；養(yǎng)育Arise （ arose arisen）vt, 出現(xiàn)（常指問題或現(xiàn)象）13. injure 常指因意外事故造成的損傷，也可以指感情上名譽(yù)上的傷害例： He was injured in a car accid

19、ent.harm 泛指“傷害，損害” ，既可以指有生命的，也可以指無生命的例： 1. He was afraid that his fury would harm the child.2. His business was harmed for some reason.hurt 既可以指肉體上的傷害，也可以指精神上的傷害例： 1. She hurt her leg when she fell.2. He felt hurt at your word.wound 一般指槍傷、刀傷等在戰(zhàn)場上受的傷例： The bullet wounded him in the arm.14. be prepare

20、d for = make preparations for 為做準(zhǔn)備15. in ones honor向表示敬意；為紀(jì)念Be/ feel honored to do 做感到很榮幸16. make /give/ deliver a speech 發(fā)言opening speech 開幕詞17. give/ provide shelter to 向提供庇護(hù)所seek shelter from 躲避18. happen to + n./ pron. 遭遇，發(fā)生happen to do sth. 偶然；碰巧happen 指偶然發(fā)生take place指事先計(jì)劃好的事情發(fā)生二、語法 定語從句概念 ：在復(fù)合

21、句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。成分：先行詞，即被定語從何修飾的名詞或代詞；關(guān)系代詞：that, which , who(賓格為whom,所有格為whose);或者關(guān)系副詞where, when, why等。關(guān)系 代詞或關(guān)系副詞處在先行詞和定語從句之間，起著連接主從句的作用。1. 關(guān)系代詞that 的用法關(guān)系代詞that 在定語從句中既能指人，也能指物；既能做主語，也能做賓語例： 1) A plane is a machine that can fly. 指物，作主語()2) The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. 指物，作賓語()3)

22、Who is the man that is reading a book over there我(人，作主語)4) The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jims sister茄人，彳賓語)2. 關(guān)系代詞 which 的用法關(guān)系代詞 which 在定語從句中只能指物，但既可以做賓語也能作主語例： 1) They planted some trees which didnt need much water. 作主語()2) The fish (which) we bought this morning were not fresh. (作賓語)3. 關(guān)系代詞

23、 who ， whom 的用法關(guān)系代詞 who,whom 只能指人，在定語從句中分別作主語和賓語例：1) The foreigner who helped us yesterday is from USA.主語)2) The person to whom you just talked to is Mr. Li. (作賓語)、4. 關(guān)系代詞 whose 在的用法關(guān)系代詞whose為關(guān)系代詞who的所有格形式，其先行詞既可以是人也可以 是物，whose和它所修飾的名詞在定語從句中既可以做主語也可以做賓語。例： 1) This is the scientist whose name is know

24、n all over the world. 指人，作(主語 )2) The room whose window faces south is mine. 指物，作主語()3) He has written a book whose nameI ve forgotten. (指物，作賓語)5. 關(guān)系副詞when 的用法關(guān)系副詞when 在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語例： 1) I ll never forget the time when (=during which) we worked on the farm.2) Do you remember the afternoon when (=on wh

25、ich) we first met three years ago?6. 關(guān)系副詞 where 在定語從句中的用法關(guān)系副詞where在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語例： 1) This is the place where( =at/ in which) we first met.2) The hotel where (= in which ) we stayed wasn t very clean.7. 關(guān)系副詞why 在定語從句中的用法關(guān)系副詞why 在定語從句中作原因狀語例 : 1). I didn t get a pay rise, but this wasn t the reason why(= for which) I left.2) . The reason why (=for which) he has