虛擬語氣專項訓練

1、虛擬語氣專項訓練（基礎(chǔ)練習）副標題題號IIIIIIIVVVI總分得分一、句型轉(zhuǎn)換(本大題共4小題，共8.0分)1. 同義句改寫(1) It's a pity that I can't be with you in the n ext three mon ths .How I wish Iwith you in the n ext three mon ths.(2) You are badly ill because you did n't see the doctor .If youthe doctor , you would not be badly ill .(3)

2、 It is wet outside . So we don't allow the children to play in the garden .If itwet outside , we would allow the children to play in thegarde n.(4) I did n't take his advice , and now I regret a lot .Ihis advice .(5) He made many mistakes and he did n't pass the test.If hemany mistakes h

3、ethe test .(6) If it were not for the rain the crops would die .The crops would die.(7) If they had n't offered us potatoes , we would have died of hun ger .the potatoes they offered , we would have died of hunger .(8) How I wish it were Sun day today .it were Sun day today .(9) If Tom had come

4、, we would have caught the thief .Tom, we would have caught the thief .2. Without UN Goodwill Ambassadors, people work ing on the projects would not be en couraged.IfUN Goodwill Ambassadors, people worki ng on the projectswould not be en couraged.3. We don?t go out very ofte n because we can?t affor

5、d it.If we it, we very often.4. The time is not ripe. I?d rather you. (not, say) anything about it for thetime being.二、完成句子(本大題共 5 小題，共 10.0 分)5. 你很可能睡不了什么覺，如果你住在慶?；槎Y現(xiàn)場附近。You probably get much sleep if you lived near a weddingreception was being held 6. Well, if , I ' d go on an around-the-world

6、 tour.7. 完成句子( 1)He talks as if he .他說話的樣子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。( 2)The girl listened as if she to stone. 那女孩傾聽著，一動也不動，好像已經(jīng)變成了石頭似的。8. ( 1) If I (be) you, I would go there with him.( 2) If I had worked hard in the school, I (be) a college student now.( 3) he (fo l l ow) your advice, he would have passed theex

7、aminations.( 4) If you (not come) here tomorrow, we would cancel the meeting.( 5) He is busy now. If he (be) free, he (go) with you.( 6) it (rain) tomorrow, the match would be called off.( 7) We (have) a meeting next Thursday if there (be) no otherarrangements.( 8) I'm sorry I'm busy now. If

8、 I (have) time, I (come) to seeyou.( 9) If I (take) your advice, I (not make) such a mistake.(10) We didn't know his telephone number. If we (know) it, we (invite) him.9. If Tazieff were alive, using modern technique, he more beautiful photosabout active volcanoes. (take)如果 Tazieff 還活著的話，利用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，

9、他會拍出更多關(guān)于活火山的漂亮照片。三、單選題(本大題共 22小題，共 22.0 分)10. There is a good social life in the village ， and I wish I a second chance to becomemore involved ()A. hadB. will havethe test so hardC. would have had D. have had He couldn't have listened carefully in the class. Otherwise, henow.A. didn't feelB.

10、 hadn't feelC. wouldn't feelD. wouldn't have felt.every student aware of the importance of study, they would study efficiently. A. Were B. Should C. May D. HadIf there no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks toget news from around the world.A. was B. be C. were D. i

11、sIf somebody from 1973 a dormitory message board now, he would notunderstand what on it since slang expressions have changed a lot.A. looked at; is B. had looked at; wasC. looks at; should beD. has looked at; was to beThe two boys look as if they _twins,for they look so much like each other.A. were

12、B. are C. had been D. has been3.24.25.Without the Internet, these people who are disabled and must stay in their homes fewer avenues to meet people.A. have B. must have If I you, I _A. was; will take C. were; would take I ended our friendship, we A. Have; would B

13、. Had; must If I you, I her advice.A. was; will take C. were; would takeC. would haveD. can haveher advice.B. were; will have takenD. was; took have both learnt nothing.C. Have, must D. Had; wouldB. were; will have takenD. was; tookwere not be able to are not be able tosee the many greatround theWit

14、hout the new paints and the new technique, we masterpieces for which this period is famous. A. will not be able to B. C. would not be able toD.D. be circling there, she wouldn ' tThe sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun earth.A. were circling B. circlesC. is circ

15、lingMary is not willing to go abroad because she thinks if she _see her parents very often.A. lives B. is to liveC. would live D. were to liveWhen life gets hard and you want to give up, remember that life is full of ups and downs, and without the downs, the ups nothing.A. would have meantB. would m

16、eanC. must have meant D. must meanI owe my current success to David, my best friend since childhood, without whom I have no idea where I today.A. amB. wasC. would have beenD. would beThe gap between the rich and the poor makes it essential that the government dynamic solution to the problem.A. must

17、adoptB. adoptC. can adoptD. adopts26. But for the fact thatChina _also affected by the global financial crisis, we fewerun employed workers now.A. is; would haveB. were; would haveC. was; would have hadD. were; would have had27. If youin love with literature at first, youa famous writer now.A. didn&

18、#39; t fall, can ' t beB. should fall, couldn ' t have beenC. hadn' t fall, shouldn ' t beD. hadn' t fall, couldn ' t be28. I have great difficulty work ing out this problem.29. to me, youless difficulty with such problems.A. If you had liste ned; would have hadB. If you list

19、e ned; would haveC. Had you liste ned; would haveD. If you liste n; will have30. Mr. Black insisted that he hadn ' t done anything wrong and that herespected byhis colleagues.A. isB. wasC. beD. had been31. There is some possibility that the patient could make a full recovery,a certain curefor th

20、e disease.A. there should beB. was thereC. there wasD. should there be32. Online learning resources would cease to be effective or even have negative effects to use them wisely and flexibly.A. if the stude nts have failedB. if the stude nts failC. had the stude nts failedD. should the stude nts fail

21、四、單句語法填空(本大題共 5小題，共5.0分)33. If I(be) you, I would apologize immediately.34. If you(be)with me right now, we would be chatt ing over a coffee.35. If you had liste ned to my advice just now, you(be) better now.36. People say that the art exhibiti on is worth see in g. I wish I(ca n) go with youbutI

22、9; m too busy these days.37. You don ' t have to be in a such hurry, I would rather youon bus in ess first. (go)五、單句改錯(本大題共 3小題，共6.0分)38. Either the workers or the boss usually like eat ing in this restaura nt for lun ch.39. 句子改錯40. (1)If I am you, I would build a small woode n house in the vill

23、age.(2) Ca n you sing any son gs, n either in Chin ese or in En glish.(3) Because of the pollution, the villagers are running out the drinking water.(4) I n order to stre ngth the protect ion for the deserts, they formed a special team.(5) A little boy was struggling in the river, crying for help de

24、sperate.41. If I were a millionaire ， I will travel around the world42. 六、句子翻譯（本大題共 2 小題，共 4.0 分）43. 事實上，如果我們現(xiàn)在聽到古英語，我們也理解不了。你可能不會有太好的睡眠。 （虛44. 如果你住在一個地方， 附近正在舉行一場婚姻宴會， 擬語氣 ）答案和解析1. 【答案】 （ 1）could be（ 2） had seen（ 3） were not（ 4） If only ； had taken（ 5） hadn't made； would have passed（ 6） without

25、 the rain（ 7） But for（ 8） If only（ 9） Had； come【解析】1）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，填入的是wish后的賓語從句，通常用虛擬 語氣，有三種情況：1 .現(xiàn)在的愿望，從句用過去時；2.過去的愿望，從句用過去 完成時，通常是與過去相反的假 設(shè)；3.將來的愿望，從句用 would/could/should/might 加動詞原形。由句意知道，這里是將來的愿望，上文 是 can't,故填could be。（2）由上一句和本句提示部分可知， 這里是時間錯綜 條件句。主句和現(xiàn)在事實 相反，從句和過去事實相反，謂語動詞要用had done故填had s

26、een（3）由上一句和本句提示部分可知， 這里是 if 引導的非真實性條件狀 語從句， 和現(xiàn)在事實相反，所以從句謂語部分的be動詞用were，故填were not。4）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，要用if only來引導從句；If only常常用來 表示強烈的愿望，因為用于虛擬語句時和wish類似，表達強烈的遺憾或與真 實條件不符的愿望。表達形式：表示與將來情況不同：if only +從句主語+ would（could, might）+動詞原形；表示與現(xiàn)在情況不同：if only +從句主 語+ 動詞過去式；表達與過去情況不同：if only +從句主語+ would/could have/h

27、ac+過去分詞。由句意知道，本句是和過去事實相反，故填I(lǐng)f only ；had taken。（5）由上一句和本句提示部分可知， 這里是 if 引導的非真 實性條件狀 語從句， 和過去事實相反，從句謂語部分要用had done主句要用would/could/should/might+have+d one, 故填 had n't made would have passed（6）由上一句和本句提示部分可知， 這里使用介 詞 without 引導的介詞短語表 示一個暗含的非真 實條件狀語。 without, otherwise, but for, but 引導的短語或 句子有時相當于一個虛

28、擬條件句。假設(shè)的情況并不以條件從句表示出來，而 是暗含在上下文中，通 過介詞短語來表示。使用到這些詞組 的句子中，虛擬 語氣的用法一般是：對現(xiàn)在的虛擬:would+do；對過去的虛擬:would（not） + have dona本句主句謂語部分是would die，符合條件，再由三個空格可知，故 填 without the rain。7）由上一句和本句空格部分可知，填入的是but for，意為要不是”。注意：該單詞 位于句首，首字母要大寫。故填 But for。（8）由上一句和本句提示部分可知， If only 常常用來表示 強烈的愿望，用于虛 擬語句時和 wish 類似，再由本句兩個空格可知

29、，故填 If only 。（9）由上一句和本句提示部分可知， 這里是省略了 if 的非真 實性條件狀 語從 句，和過去事實相反，所以提前had。注意:該單詞位于句首，首字母要大寫。 故填 Had； come。2. 【答案】 there were no 【解析】根據(jù)句意可知，如果沒有 聯(lián)合國的慈善大使，做 這件事情的人將不會被鼓 勵。這是明顯的與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)。if從句中應(yīng)使用動詞的過去式。動詞是 be時通用 were。there be結(jié)構(gòu)表示存在有。故填 there were nQ3. 【答案】 could afford; would go out【解析】原句句意：我們不經(jīng)常出去，因為我們

30、支付不起。改寫為 If 條件句虛 擬語氣 “如果我們能支付的起的 話，我們就會經(jīng)常出去?！?。由原句謂語動詞 don't go 可知時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況，從句為If+主語+動詞 一般過去時（Be動詞用were），主句為主語+should/would/might/could+do。故填 could afford; would go out。4. 【答案】 didn't say【解析】句意：時機還不成熟。我寧愿你現(xiàn)在什么都沒有說。此句考查would rather之 后的賓語從句，常表示與客觀事實不相符的一種愿望，故使用虛 擬語氣。其 虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：與過去事實

31、相反采用had+done與見在事實相反是采用 一般過去時（be用were ）；與將來事實相反時采用一般過去時（be用were ）。根 據(jù)時間狀語 for the time being （目前）可以判斷出與 現(xiàn)在事實相反。故填didn't say。5. 【答案】 wouldn't ； where【解析】由句子結(jié)構(gòu)知道，本句是 if 引導的非真實性條件狀 語從句，和現(xiàn)在事實相反， 所以主句要用would n't ;第二空是near后的賓語從句，根據(jù)句意可知用連詞 where引導賓語從句。故填 would n't ； where。6. 【答案】 they invent

32、ed virtual reality holidays【解析】本題考查虛擬語氣，通過語境可知，這里是表示 對現(xiàn)在情況虛 擬， if 引導的從 句謂語動詞用一般過去時，故填they invented virtual reality holidays。7. 【答案】 （ 1）knew where she was2) had been turned【解析】1. as if,好像，仿佛。后面從句用虛擬語氣，和現(xiàn)在事實相反，用一般過去時。where she was 是賓語從句，用陳述句語序。故填 knew where she was2. as if,好像，仿佛。后面從句用虛擬語氣。和過去事實相反，用過去

33、完成時。she與turn是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)。故填had been turned8. 【答案】 （1）were（ 2） would be（ 3） Had; followed（ 4） should not come/ didn't come/were not to come（ 5） were; would go（ 6） Were; to rain/Should; rain（ 7） would have; were/should be（ 8） had; would come（ 9） had taken; would not have made（ 10） had known; would

34、have invited【解析】1）句意：要是我是你的舌，我就和他一起去那兒了。在if引導的非真實虛擬 條件句中，與現(xiàn)在事實相反，從句用一般過去時（be動詞一律用were），主句用 would/could/should/might+do。故填were。（2）句意：如果我當初在學校努力學習的話，我現(xiàn)在就是一名大學生了。 這是 一個錯綜虛擬條件句，從句是對過去的虛擬，謂語動詞應(yīng)該用過去完成時had done,主句是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，用would/could/should/might+do。故填would beo3）句意：要是他聽了你的建議，他就通過那次考 試了。此處是對過去的虛 擬，與過去事實相反，從

35、句用過去完成時had done主句用would/could/should/might+have done。當從句中含有 had/should/were時,if 可 以省略，把had/should/were提前置于句首。故填Had; followed。（4）句意：如果你明天不來這兒的話，我們就取消 這次會議。此處是對將來的虛擬，與將來事實相反，從句用一般過去時/should do/were to do,主句用would/could/should/might+do。當從句中含有 had/should/were時，if 可以省略， 把 had/should/were提前置于句首。故填 should

36、not come/didn't come/were not to come。（5）句意：他現(xiàn)在很忙。如果他有空的 話，它就和你一起去了。此處是對現(xiàn) 在 的虛擬，與現(xiàn)在事實相反，從句用一般過去時（be動詞一律用were），主句用 would/could/should/might+do。故填 were; would go。（6）句意：要是明天下雨的話，這場比賽將會被取消。此處是對將來的虛擬，與將來事實相反，從句用一般過去時/should do/were to do,主句用would/could/should/might+do。當從句中含有 had/should/were時，if 可以省略，

37、 把 had/should/were提前置于句首。故填 Were; to rain或 Should; rain。（7）句意：如果沒有其他安排的話，我們下周四將開一次會。此 處是對將來的虛擬，與將來事實相反，從句用一般過去時/should do/were to do,主句用would/could/should/might+do。當從句中含有 had/should/were時，if 可以省略， 把 had/should/were提前置于句首。故填 would have; were/should be（8）句意：對不起，我現(xiàn)在很忙。如果我有時間的話，我就去看你。與現(xiàn)在事實 相反，從句用一般過去時（b

38、e動詞一律用were），主句用would/could/should/might+do。故填 had; would comeo9）句意：如果我采納了你的建 議，我就不會犯這樣一個錯誤了。此處是對過去的虛擬，與過去事實相反，從句用過去完成時had done主句用would/could/should/might+have done。故填 had take n; would not have made（10）句意：我們不知道他的 電話 號碼。如果我們知道的 話，早就邀請他了。此 處是對過去的虛擬，與過去事實相反，從句用過去完成時had done主句用would/could/should/might+h

39、ave done。故填 had known; would have in vited。9. 【答案】 would take【解析】由句意可知，本句表示的是與 現(xiàn)在事實相反的假 設(shè)。根據(jù)虛擬語氣的相關(guān)知識，主句中應(yīng)用“would+do形式，故填would take。10. 【答案】 A【解析】 句意：村里有一個很好的社交生活，我希望我有第二次機會更多地參與其中。wish 后的賓語從句中，謂語動詞 用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反或不大可能 實 現(xiàn)的愿望。表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的愿望：主語+wish that） +從句主語+動詞一 般過去式，根據(jù)前一句中使用了一般 現(xiàn)在時可知， wish 從句中表示與 現(xiàn)在

40、事 實相反的愿望，所以從句 應(yīng)該使用一般過去時。故選 A。11. 【答案】 C【解析】句意：他在上課時沒有認真聽講，不然的話，他現(xiàn)在不會感 覺考試那么難。本 題語境是錯綜時間虛擬條件句，根據(jù)otherwise之后的時間狀語now提示可 知，本空與現(xiàn)在事實相反，用情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形結(jié)構(gòu)，故選 C。12. 【答案】 A【解析】句意: “如果每一個學生意 識到學習的重要性，他們就會有效的學 習。形此題表 示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，省略if, be aware o仲be動詞提到主語前用倒裝。在虛擬語氣中，be動詞用were。故選A。13. 【答案】 C【解析】句意：如果沒有現(xiàn)代通訊工具，我們不得不要

41、等好幾個周末才能得知天下事。對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，條件句中用一般過去時，be動詞用were，主句用 would/should/might/could + 動詞 原形。故選 C。14. 【答案】 A【解析】句意：如果現(xiàn)在有 1973年的人看到宿舍的留言板，他就不明白上面寫的是什 么，因為俚語的表達已 經(jīng)發(fā)生了很大的 變化。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處第一 空考查的是if條件句的虛擬語氣；由時間詞now可知，設(shè)空處表示與現(xiàn)在事實 相反的if條件句的虛擬語氣，此時if條件句的謂語動詞需用其一般過去時， 所以第一空需用looked at；再吉合句子結(jié)構(gòu)和前后文可知，第二空表示的是現(xiàn) 在的情況，所以what后be

42、動詞需用is。故選A。15. 【答案】 A【解析】句意：那兩個男孩看起來像雙胞胎，因 為他們長 得很像。當說話人認為句子所 述的是不真實的或極少有可能 發(fā)生或存在的情況 時，as if從句用虛擬語氣。 從句表示與 現(xiàn)在事實相反，所以謂語動詞 用一般過去時。故選 A。16. 【答案】 C【解析】略17. 【答案】 C【解析】句意：如果我是你，我就會采取她的建 議。根據(jù)語境，此處為與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，if從句用一般過去時be動詞用were），主句用主語 +would/could/might/should+do 的形式，故選 C。18. 【答案】 D【解析】句意：如果我結(jié)束了友 誼，我們都不會

43、學到任何 東西。本題考查虛擬語氣，第 一空用had done將had提前大寫；第二空表示過去將來的動作，用would，故 選 D 。19. 【答案】 C【解析】句意：如果我是你，我會采取她的建議?？疾榕c現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛 擬語氣，條 件從句系動詞用were,主句謂語動詞為would+動詞原形。故選C。20. 【答案】 C【解析】句意：如果沒有新的顏料和新技術(shù)，我們將無法看到許多這個時期著名的偉大的杰作。本句用到了 without引導的含蓄條件句，表示對過去情況的虛擬； 主句表示對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，所以應(yīng)用主語+would/should/could/might do。故 選 C。21. 【答案】 A

44、【解析】句意：太陽從東邊升起，從西邊落下，看起來好像太陽繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。as if后接 從句，從句中用虛擬語氣，對現(xiàn)在事實進行虛擬，用過去進行時，be動詞用 were。故選 A。22. 【答案】 D【解析】略23. 【答案】 B【解析】句意：當生活變得艱難而你想要放棄的 時候，請記住，生命總是起起伏伏，如 果未曾走 過下坡路，那上坡路就毫無意 義。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是由 without引出的含蓄虛 擬句，without the downs相當于虛擬條件句；根據(jù)上下文 語境可知，是對現(xiàn)在情況的虛 擬，所以空格處應(yīng)用虛擬的主句形式 would+do。故選 B。24. 【答案】 D【解析】句意：我把

45、我現(xiàn)在的成功歸功于我童年時最好的朋友David，沒有他，我不知 道我現(xiàn)在會是什么樣子的?？疾榕c現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬，其謂語動詞用would + 動詞原形。故選 D。25. 【答案】 B【解析】句意：貧富差距使得政府必 須采取一種動態(tài)的方法來解決 這個問題。根據(jù)句 意，結(jié)合虛擬語氣在非真實條件句中的運用，應(yīng)填入Should）adopt才能是句 子語法成立，結(jié)合選項，只有B選項符合要求，故選B。26. 【答案】 A【解析】這里考查的是一個含蓄虛 擬條件句，其條件隱含在 But for 短語里面，而該短 語里that后是一個同位語從句，指的現(xiàn)在的情況，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時；而后面 部分是主句，表示與現(xiàn)在的

46、情況相反，因此用虛 擬語氣Would / should / could / might +動詞原形）。句意：要不是中國也受全球經(jīng)濟危機的影響，我們現(xiàn)在失 業(yè)（未就業(yè)）的工人就會更少了。故選 A。27. 【答案】 D【解析】 句意：如果你一開始沒有愛上文學，你現(xiàn)在就不可能是一個著名的作家?？?查 條件從句中是與 過去事實相反的虛擬，主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反虛擬的謂語動 詞。與過去事實相反，謂語動詞用had + v-ed;與®在事實相反，謂語用 could/should + 動詞原形。故選 D。28. 【答案】 C【解析】句意：我很 難解決這個問題。 如果你早聽我的 話，你在處理這些問題 時就

47、不會那么困 難了。根據(jù)語境推斷，前半句的從句描述與 過去事實相反的 條件，與過去事實相反的虛 擬條件句中，從句中用 過去完成時，因此選項 AC符合條件；后面主句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬，該用would+動詞原形，所 以整個句子是混合型的虛 擬語氣，因此再排除A;另外從句中had置于句首時，省略if,故選C。29. 【答案】 C【解析】略30. 【答案】 D【解析】句意：如果有某種治療方法，病人可能會完全康復。逗號后面 為虛擬語氣在非 真實條件句中的 應(yīng)用，表示與將來事實相反的假 設(shè)，此時可以使用 過去式、 should do和were to dO故條件句中的謂語動詞。虛擬語氣中，從句謂語形包含

48、 should、were、had時，可以省略if，將should、were、had提前構(gòu)成倒裝，本句中 后半句可寫 為 If there should be a certain cure for the disease構(gòu)成倒裝之后為 Should there be a certain cure for the disease故選 D。31. 【答案】 D【解析】 句意：如果學生不能明智靈活地使用在 線學習資源，那么在線學習資 源將不 再有效，甚至會產(chǎn)生負面影響。分析可知，句子描述的內(nèi)容是與 現(xiàn)在事實相 反的假設(shè)，所以這里使用的是虛擬語氣，并且是省略了 if的條件句，在含有虛 擬語氣的條件狀 語從句中，如有 had， should， were 這三個詞