粉末成型壓機(jī)機(jī)械原理課程設(shè)計(jì)

1、.機(jī)械原理課程設(shè)計(jì)題 目： 粉末成型壓機(jī)設(shè) 計(jì) 者： XXX專 業(yè)：機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化指導(dǎo)教師：王玉丹 曾小慧2010年7月19日第一部分 設(shè)計(jì)原理及設(shè)計(jì)要求一、工作原理及工藝動(dòng)作過(guò)程粉末冶金是將金屬等粉末的混合料，通過(guò)壓制成型和燒結(jié)而制成零件或成品材料的一種工藝方法。在壓制長(zhǎng)徑比h/d<11.5的圓柱體壓坯時(shí)，可采用單向壓制，即壓制時(shí)僅一個(gè)方向施壓。壓制過(guò)程中，陰模固定不動(dòng)，其它執(zhí)行件動(dòng)作如圖1所示。二、設(shè)計(jì)要求1、上模沖壓制機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)具有以下特性：快速接近粉料，慢速等速壓制，壓制到位后停歇片刻（約0.4秒）保壓或接近壓制行程終點(diǎn)時(shí)再放慢速度而起到保壓作用。2、脫模機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)使下模沖頂出距

2、離準(zhǔn)確，復(fù)位時(shí)要求速度快而沖擊小。3、送分機(jī)構(gòu)要嚴(yán)格遵守壓制周期的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律。4、進(jìn)一步要求：讓上沖模和下沖模的行程可調(diào)。三、主要技術(shù)參數(shù)要求1、每分鐘壓制次數(shù)為1040次；2、壓坯最大直徑為45mm；3、上模沖最大行程為110mm；4、送粉器行程為115mm；5、脫模最大行程為45mm；6、壓制及脫模能力最大為58KN；四、課程設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)要求1、按各個(gè)執(zhí)行件的工藝動(dòng)作要求擬定運(yùn)動(dòng)循環(huán)圖；2、進(jìn)行執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)即壓制機(jī)構(gòu)、脫模機(jī)構(gòu)、送粉機(jī)構(gòu)的選型；3、機(jī)械運(yùn)動(dòng)方案的評(píng)價(jià)和確定，并進(jìn)行執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)尺寸計(jì)算和必要的運(yùn)動(dòng)分析；4、按選定的電機(jī)和執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)參數(shù)擬定機(jī)構(gòu)傳動(dòng)方案，并進(jìn)行傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)尺寸計(jì)算

3、；5、畫(huà)出機(jī)械運(yùn)動(dòng)方案簡(jiǎn)圖；6、編制設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)（內(nèi)容包括上述任務(wù)的設(shè)計(jì)、分析計(jì)算及結(jié)果、圖）；7、進(jìn)一步工作：執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的動(dòng)畫(huà)演示、凸輪的數(shù)控加工等。第二部分 機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)循環(huán)圖的確定和各個(gè)執(zhí)行構(gòu)件的選型一、各執(zhí)行構(gòu)件的工藝動(dòng)作和運(yùn)動(dòng)循環(huán)圖1 功能分析 根據(jù)任務(wù)書(shū)要求，有下圖分析得知該系統(tǒng)的主功能為將粉料壓制成型，為完成主功能又可分解為四個(gè)功能，即上沖頭的壓下，下沖頭的壓上，篩料推片和成新模具，如圖所示。 待設(shè)定系統(tǒng)粉料機(jī)械能控制訊號(hào)片坯 圖 總功能上沖頭壓下下沖頭壓上篩料推片模壓成型圖2 上模沖壓制機(jī)構(gòu)的工藝動(dòng)作：上模沖壓制機(jī)構(gòu)的曲柄在0º（在這里特殊規(guī)定0º是使上模沖位于最高

4、位置的極位角度）到150°（這個(gè)數(shù)值由設(shè)計(jì)的極位夾角決定）要完成上模沖的下降和沖壓過(guò)程；在150º到360º內(nèi)要完成上模沖和粉料脫離并使上模沖繼續(xù)向上升的工藝動(dòng)作。3 下模沖脫模機(jī)構(gòu)的工藝動(dòng)作：在上模沖下降和沖壓的過(guò)程中下模沖要保持不動(dòng)，在上模沖脫離的同時(shí)下模沖上升，然后保持不動(dòng)，最后下模沖下降復(fù)位，從而完成該凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)的一周旋轉(zhuǎn)工作。4 送粉機(jī)構(gòu)的工藝動(dòng)作：在上模沖和下模沖完成一周的運(yùn)動(dòng)的同時(shí)，送粉機(jī)構(gòu)要先完成送粉、復(fù)位和等待這三個(gè)工藝動(dòng)作，然后再完成推料、復(fù)位和等待這三個(gè)工藝動(dòng)作。360°180°0°上模沖下降壓制保壓脫離上升下模沖

5、不動(dòng)上升不動(dòng)下降送粉機(jī)構(gòu)送粉回程推料回程360°360°0°圖2結(jié)合上模沖壓制機(jī)構(gòu)、下模沖脫模機(jī)構(gòu)和送粉機(jī)構(gòu)的各個(gè)工藝動(dòng)作擬定運(yùn)動(dòng)循環(huán)圖如圖2所示：二、各運(yùn)動(dòng)構(gòu)件的選型（一）各運(yùn)動(dòng)構(gòu)件的功能分析 1、上模沖壓制機(jī)構(gòu)：上模沖要求沖頭能夠快速接近粉料，并且能有保壓過(guò)程，然后返回。由此可以看出這要求我們所選的上模沖壓制機(jī)構(gòu)要有急回特性，所以我們可以采用曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)或者凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)。對(duì)于曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)我們要采用偏置曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)才會(huì)具有急回特性。由于當(dāng)凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)作為上模沖壓制機(jī)構(gòu)時(shí)，若上模沖沖擊力過(guò)大會(huì)造成凸輪推桿的斷裂，所以若要求上模沖沖擊力較大時(shí)不宜采用凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)。 2、下模沖脫

6、模機(jī)構(gòu)：下模沖要求頂出距離準(zhǔn)確，復(fù)位時(shí)要求速度快而沖擊小，并且要求下模沖的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律很嚴(yán)格，所以我們可以采用凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)。若采用凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)也還是會(huì)有一定的缺點(diǎn)，就是當(dāng)上模沖的沖頭沖壓時(shí)必定會(huì)對(duì)下模沖凸輪脫模機(jī)構(gòu)的推桿產(chǎn)生一定的影響，容易造成下模沖凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)推桿的斷裂。 3、送粉機(jī)構(gòu)：本題目要求送粉機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)周期嚴(yán)格并且具有行程要求。根據(jù)此項(xiàng)要求我們可以采用對(duì)心曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)或者凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)。若采用對(duì)心曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)則無(wú)法保證留有送粉機(jī)構(gòu)在送粉回程后和推料推程前的間歇時(shí)間。如果不存在間歇時(shí)間就會(huì)使送粉和推料的速度大大降低，故采用對(duì)心曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)還是有一定的缺點(diǎn)的。綜合上面的分析，我們可以采用偏置曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)。根據(jù)

7、以上對(duì)上模沖壓制機(jī)構(gòu)、下模沖脫模機(jī)構(gòu)和送粉機(jī)構(gòu)的分析我們可以設(shè)計(jì)出幾種粉末成型壓機(jī)的機(jī)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)圖，在運(yùn)動(dòng)方案選擇和確定上會(huì)一一加以描述。（二）運(yùn)動(dòng)方案的選擇和確定關(guān)于運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的選擇，我們找到了一些可以完成運(yùn)動(dòng)功能的機(jī)構(gòu)，如下圖所示：牛頭刨床的急回機(jī)構(gòu)，優(yōu)點(diǎn)進(jìn)程速度平穩(wěn)，回程時(shí)間短。曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)圓柱凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)，可用于水平送料凸輪推桿機(jī)構(gòu) 平面六桿機(jī)構(gòu)根據(jù)所選的機(jī)構(gòu)，我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了三種不同的方案如下：方案一：方案二方案三最終，我們選擇上沖模用平面六桿機(jī)構(gòu)，水平送料用曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)，下沖模采用凸輪推桿機(jī)構(gòu)。即方案一第三部分 所選機(jī)構(gòu)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的選擇上沖模機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)分析取OD1=r=70mm  =

8、20°；BD=L1；AB=L2;則:( L1- r)sin=110;( L 1+ r)-(  L 1- r) cos2+  L 2- ( L 1- r)sin2=  L 22 L 1=231.76 L 2=230.4現(xiàn)在以AO為基準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)分析MATLAB編程分析（1）位置分析原函數(shù)：function y=rrrposi55(x)% Script used to implement Newton-Raphon mecho

9、d for% solving nonlinear position of RRR bar group% Input parameters% x(1)=theta-1% x(2)=theta-2 guess value% x(3)=theta-3 guess value % x(4)=k1 % x(5)=k2% x(6)=k3% x(7)=r1 % Output paramenters% y(1)=theta-2% y(2)=theta-3% theta2=x(2); theta3=x(3);%epsilon=1.0E-6;% f=-x(7)*cos(x(1)+x(4)*cos(theta2)+

10、x(5)*cos(theta3)-x(6); x(7)*sin(x(1)-x(4)*sin(theta2)+x(5)*sin(theta3);%while norm(f)>epsilon J=-x(4)*sin(theta2) -x(5)*sin(theta3); -x(4)*cos(theta2) x(5)*cos(theta3); dth=inv(J)*(-1.0*f); theta2=theta2+dth(1); theta3=theta3+dth(2); f=-x(7)*cos(x(1)+x(4)*cos(theta2)+x(5)*cos(theta3)-x(6); x(7)*s

11、in(x(1)-x(4)*sin(theta2)+x(5)*sin(theta3); norm(f);end;y(1)=theta2;y(2)=theta3;>> x1=linspace(0,2*pi,180);x=zeros(length(x1),7);for n=1:180x(n,:)=x1(:,n) 17.4*pi/180 52.6*pi/180 231.8 230.4 379.7 70;end;p=zeros(length(x1),2);for k=1:180y=rrrposi55(x(k,:);p(k,:)=y;end;>> p 輸出圖像2 ，3相對(duì)于1的圖像

12、plot(x1,p (:,1),'-',x1,p(:,2),':')搖桿與豎直線之間的夾角矩陣為m=90-p(:,1)'*(180/pi)-37.4;上沖模的行程方程為L(zhǎng)=460.8-2*230.4*cos(m)分析上沖模的圖像可知，在上沖模達(dá)到最低點(diǎn)時(shí)會(huì)有一小段時(shí)間的停歇以起到保壓作用。接下來(lái)分析速度：首先根據(jù)機(jī)構(gòu)需要，定義w1=pi/3,Matlab編程：function y=rrrvel22(x)% Script used to implement Newton-Raphon mechod for% solving nonlinear positi

13、on of RRR bar group% Input parameters% x(1)=theta-1% x(2)=theta-2 % x(3)=theta-3 % x(4)=dtheta-1% x(5)=k1 % x(6)=k2% x(7)=k3% x(8)=r1 % Output paramenters% y(1)=dtheta-2% y(2)=dtheta-3%A=-x(5)*cos(x(2) x(6)*cos(x(3); -x(5)*sin(x(2) -x(6)*sin(x(3);B=-x(8)*cos(x(1) -x(8)*sin(x(1)*x(4);B=B'y=inv(A)

14、*B;輸出程序>> for i=1:180x2(i,:)=x11(i,1),p(i,1),p(i,2),pi/3,231.8,230.4,379.7,70;end; q=zeros(2,180);for m=1:180y2=rrrvel22(x2(m,:);q(:,m)=y2;end;>> q輸出圖像plot(x1,q(1,:),'-',x1,q(2,:),':');w2,w3,相對(duì)于w1的圖像：上沖模的速度函數(shù)V=dL/dt輸出圖像為：加速度分析Matlab 編程分析：function y=rrra111(x)% input param

15、eters% x(1)=th1% x(2)=th2% x(3)=th3% x(4)=dth1% x(5)=dth2% x(6)=dth3% x(7)=k1% x(8)=k2% x(9)=k3% x(10)=r1% y(1)=ddth2% y(2)=ddth3%A=-x(7)*cos(x(2) x(8)*cos(x(3); -x(7)*sin(x(2) x(8)*sin(x(3);B=x(7)*x(5)*sin(x(2) -x(8)*x(6)*sin(x(3); -x(7)*x(5)*cos(x(2) -x(8)*x(6)*cos(x(3);C=x(5);x(6);D=x(10)*x(4)2*s

16、in(x(1);-x(10)*x(4)2*cos(x(1);y=inv(A)*D-inv(A)*B*C;輸出程序for i=1:180x3(i,:)=x11(i,1),p(i,1),p(i,2),pi/3,q(1,i),q(2,i),0.2318,0.2304,0.3797,0.070 ;end;n=zeros(2,180);for k=1:180y3=rrra111(x3(k,:);n(:,k)=y3;end;nsubplot(1,2,1);plot(x1,n(1,:);xlabel('theta1');ylabel('ddtheta3');title(

17、9;桿2的角加速度');>> subplot(1,2,1);plot(x1,n(1,:);xlabel('theta1');ylabel('ddtheta2');title('桿1的角加速度');subplot(1,2,2);plot(x1,n(1,:);xlabel('theta1');ylabel('ddtheta3');title('桿二的加速度 '); 上沖模的加速度A=dV/dt輸出圖像為：（該圖像用數(shù)學(xué)里面的微積分求出，故在圖像最后會(huì)有一點(diǎn)圖像不正常顯示，這屬于正常情

18、況，不影響加速度的分析）統(tǒng)計(jì)所輸出的數(shù)據(jù)：123w2W32300.232380.233820.16301-0.16301-189.12-190.340.0351020.238180.22870.1832-0.1425728.8128.9280.0702030.244660.224260.20309-0.122213.36613.3990.10530.251790.22050.22249-0.102088.63428.6470.140410.259570.217410.24125-0.0823846.30996.31740.175510.267960.214970.25921-0.0632494

19、.91324.9210.210610.276930.213160.27626-0.0447963.9733.98410.245710.286470.211960.2923-0.0271163.29293.30880.280810.296520.211340.30728-0.0102742.77622.7980.315910.307050.211260.321140.0056912.36992.39830.351020.318030.211710.333870.0207632.04212.07750.386120.329420.212640.345480.0349451.77271.81530.

20、421220.341180.214040.355980.0482561.54791.59810.456320.353280.215870.365410.0607281.35821.41610.491420.365670.21810.373780.07241.19671.26240.526520.378320.220720.381170.0833191.05811.13170.561630.391210.223680.38760.0935350.938331.01990.596730.40430.226980.393130.10310.83430.923840.631830.417550.230

21、590.39780.112060.743450.841050.666930.430960.234490.401670.120480.663750.769450.702030.444470.238660.404780.128390.593530.707340.737130.458080.243090.407170.135840.531410.653350.772240.471760.247760.408890.142890.476220.606330.807340.485490.252660.409960.149560.427020.565310.842440.499240.257780.410

22、430.155890.382980.529470.877540.5130.263110.410320.161930.343420.498130.912640.526740.268630.409660.167690.307760.470710.947740.540450.274350.408480.173220.275490.446690.982840.554120.280240.40680.178520.246180.425661.01790.567720.286310.404640.183640.219480.407241.0530.581240.292550.402010.188590.1

23、95050.391111.08810.594670.298960.398950.193380.172620.3771.12330.607980.305520.395450.198040.151960.364671.15840.621170.312230.391530.202580.132860.353891.19350.634220.31910.38720.207020.115120.344491.22860.647120.326110.382480.211370.0986030.33631.26370.659860.333260.377360.215630.0831540.329181.29

24、880.672420.340560.371860.219820.0686520.322991.33390.684790.3480.365990.223950.0549830.317621.3690.696950.355580.359750.228020.042050.312951.40410.70890.363290.353140.232040.0297610.30891.43920.720620.371130.346180.236010.0180360.305361.47430.73210.379110.338860.239940.00680020.302261.50940.743330.3

25、87220.331180.24382-0.00401520.299521.54450.75430.395450.323160.24767-0.0144740.297061.57960.764990.403820.314790.25149-0.0246360.29481.61470.77540.412310.306080.25526-0.034560.292681.64980.785510.420930.297040.259-0.04430.290631.68490.795310.429670.287660.2627-0.0539120.288571.720.804790.438540.2779

26、40.26635-0.063450.286441.75510.813940.447530.267910.26996-0.0729690.284151.79020.822750.456640.257540.27351-0.0825260.281641.82530.83120.465870.246870.27701-0.0921810.278831.86040.839290.475210.235880.28045-0.1020.275631.89550.847010.484670.224580.28381-0.112040.271951.93060.854350.494230.212990.287

27、1-0.122380.26771.96570.861290.503910.201110.29029-0.13310.262782.00080.867820.513690.188940.29339-0.144290.257072.03590.873950.523580.176510.29637-0.156050.250462.0710.879650.533560.163810.29923-0.168480.24282.10610.884930.543640.150870.30196-0.181720.233952.14120.889770.55380.137690.30453-0.19590.2

28、23742.17630.894160.564050.12430.30694-0.211180.211992.21140.89810.574380.11070.30916-0.227760.198482.24650.901580.584770.0969110.31119-0.245850.182972.28160.904590.595240.0829590.31299-0.26570.165192.31670.907140.605760.068860.31456-0.28760.144822.35180.909210.616320.0546370.31587-0.31190.121492.386

29、90.91080.626930.0403140.31691-0.339020.0947762.4220.911910.637560.0259140.31765-0.369430.0641622.45710.912530.648220.0114660.31807-0.403740.0290392.49220.912680.65888-0.00300520.31815-0.44265-0.0113272.52730.912330.66954-0.0174690.31787-0.48706-0.0578342.56240.911510.68019-0.0318960.31721-0.53806-0.

30、11162.59750.91020.6908-0.0462560.31615-0.59703-0.174012.63260.908410.70138-0.0605170.31466-0.66573-0.246852.66770.906140.71189-0.0746460.31274-0.74646-0.332432.70280.90340.72234-0.0886110.31035-0.84228-0.433812.73790.90020.73269-0.102380.30748-0.95731-0.555152.7730.896540.74295-0.115920.30413-1.0973

31、-0.702242.80810.892430.75308-0.12920.30026-1.2706-0.88342.84320.887880.76307-0.142180.29587-1.4895-1.1112.87830.882910.77291-0.154840.29095-1.7733-1.40462.91340.877510.78257-0.167150.2855-2.154-1.79632.94850.87170.79204-0.179070.27949-2.689-2.34352.98360.865510.8013-0.190580.27294-3.4913-3.16043.018

32、70.858930.81033-0.201660.26583-4.8216-4.50883.05380.851990.81911-0.212280.25818-7.4416-7.15543.08890.844710.82763-0.222420.24999-14.943-14.7143.1240.837090.83587-0.232060.24126-217.39-218.413.15910.829160.8438-0.241190.23218.87219.2843.19420.820930.85141-0.24980.222239.41249.75483.22930.812420.85869

33、-0.257870.211976.42956.74143.26440.803640.86562-0.26540.201234.96995.26023.29950.794630.87218-0.272390.190034.10484.37693.33470.785390.87835-0.278820.17843.53293.78843.36980.775940.88413-0.284710.166363.12673.36653.40490.766310.8895-0.290050.153942.82343.04793.440.75650.89445-0.294860.141172.58812.7

34、9763.47510.746550.89896-0.299140.128082.42.59483.51020.736460.90303-0.30290.11472.24612.42623.54530.726250.90665-0.306160.101062.11752.28323.58040.715940.9098-0.308930.087192.00822.15963.61550.705540.91249-0.311220.0731321.9142.05123.65060.695080.9147-0.313060.0589151.83161.95483.68570.684560.91644-

35、0.314460.044571.75881.86823.72080.6740.91769-0.315440.0301311.69381.78953.75590.663420.91846-0.316030.0156291.63521.71733.7910.652820.91874-0.316240.00109461.58191.65073.82610.642220.91853-0.31609-0.0134421.5331.58873.86120.631630.91784-0.31561-0.0279521.48781.53063.89630.621070.91666-0.31481-0.0424

36、081.44581.4763.93140.610530.915-0.31372-0.0567841.40651.42443.96650.600040.91285-0.31236-0.0710561.36951.37534.00160.589590.91023-0.31075-0.0851991.33451.32864.03670.579210.90714-0.30891-0.0991911.30131.28394.07180.568890.90359-0.30685-0.113011.26951.2414.10690.558640.89957-0.30459-0.126651.2391.199

37、74.1420.548470.8951-0.30216-0.140071.20961.164.17710.538390.89018-0.29956-0.153271.18131.12154.21220.528390.88483-0.29681-0.166241.15381.08434.24730.518490.87904-0.29393-0.178951.1271.04824.28240.508690.87283-0.29093-0.19141.10091.01324.31750.498990.86621-0.28782-0.203581.07540.979084.35260.489390.8

38、5919-0.28461-0.215471.05040.945864.38770.479910.85177-0.28132-0.227071.02570.913464.42280.470530.84397-0.27795-0.238371.00140.88184.45790.461270.83579-0.27451-0.249360.977450.850834.4930.452130.82725-0.27101-0.260040.95370.820494.52810.443110.81836-0.26746-0.27040.930140.790734.56320.43420.80913-0.2

39、6386-0.280440.90670.761514.59830.425420.79957-0.26021-0.290150.883350.732764.63340.416760.78968-0.25652-0.299520.860030.704434.66850.408220.77949-0.25279-0.308560.83670.676484.70360.399810.769-0.24902-0.317260.813310.648854.73870.391530.75823-0.24522-0.325620.78980.621484.77380.383370.74718-0.24138-

40、0.333630.766120.594314.80890.375350.73586-0.23751-0.341290.742230.567284.8440.367450.7243-0.23359-0.348590.718050.540334.87910.359690.7125-0.22964-0.355540.693520.513384.91420.352060.70047-0.22564-0.362130.668580.486364.94930.344560.68823-0.22159-0.368360.643150.459184.98440.33720.67578-0.21748-0.37

41、4210.617150.431755.01950.329980.66314-0.21331-0.379680.590480.403965.05460.32290.65033-0.20907-0.384780.563040.375715.08970.315970.63735-0.20474-0.389480.534720.346865.12480.309180.62422-0.20033-0.393780.505370.317285.15990.302540.61096-0.19581-0.397680.474860.286795.1950.296050.59757-0.19118-0.4011

42、50.4430.255235.23010.289720.58407-0.18641-0.404190.409610.222385.26520.283560.57048-0.18149-0.406790.374460.188015.30030.277560.5568-0.1764-0.408920.337290.151855.33540.271730.54307-0.17113-0.410570.29780.113585.37050.266090.52929-0.16563-0.411720.255640.0728615.40560.260630.51547-0.1599-0.412340.21

43、0420.0292635.44070.255370.50165-0.15391-0.412410.16165-0.0176935.47580.250320.48783-0.14761-0.411910.10878-0.068575.5110.245480.47404-0.14098-0.41080.051174-0.124035.54610.240870.4603-0.13398-0.40904-0.011952-0.184855.58120.23650.44663-0.12657-0.4066-0.081509-0.251965.61630.232390.43305-0.11871-0.40

44、344-0.15858-0.326455.65140.228550.41959-0.11034-0.39952-0.24449-0.409645.68650.2250.40627-0.10144-0.39479-0.3408-0.503125.72160.221760.39313-0.091931-0.3892-0.44945-0.608845.75670.218840.38019-0.081778-0.38271-0.57282-0.729165.79180.216280.36749-0.070926-0.37526-0.71387-0.867085.82690.21410.35505-0.

45、059326-0.36681-0.87635-1.02645.8620.212320.34291-0.046932-0.35731-1.0651-1.21195.89710.210960.33111-0.033704-0.34673-1.2866-1.43015.93220.210070.31968-0.01961-0.33503-1.5496-1.68985.96730.209660.30866-0.0046315-0.3222-1.8665-2.00336.00240.209760.298090.011234-0.30824-2.2552-2.3896.03750.210420.28801

46、0.027972-0.29316-2.744-2.8756.07260.211650.278450.045541-0.277-3.3787-3.50756.10770.213480.269450.063879-0.25984-4.2412-4.36886.14280.215940.261040.082894-0.24176-5.4922-5.62076.17790.219040.253250.10247-0.22288-7.4982-7.63186.2130.222810.246110.12246-0.20335-11.315-11.4646.24810.227260.239620.1427-

47、0.18333-21.731-21.9366.28320.232380.233820.16301-0.16301-189.12-190.34下沖模機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)分析一、下沖模機(jī)構(gòu)相關(guān)尺寸的確定在這里我們?nèi)⊥馆喌幕鶊A半徑r0=100mm,棍子半徑rr=10mm,并且題目要求推桿最大行程h=45mm。現(xiàn)在檢驗(yàn)其設(shè)計(jì)的是否合理。滾子半徑的考慮:由于本題目在這里采用了滾子凸輪，為了避免失真現(xiàn)象就要要求理論廓線的最小曲率半徑大于滾子半徑rr。由于=（x´´2+y´´2）3/2/(x´y´´-y´x´´),其中x

48、´=dx/d,x´´=d2x/d2, y´=dy/d,y´´=d2y/d2.由凸輪理論輪廓曲線方程x=(s0+s)sin y=(s0+s)cos可知，x´=y´´=y,x´´=y´=-x.其中s0=r0,s為推桿運(yùn)動(dòng)方程。則=(y2+x2)3/2/(y2-x2)根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)出的凸輪輪廓(見(jiàn)下面設(shè)計(jì)的凸輪理論輪廓曲線圖)可以大致估算出各點(diǎn)的曲率半徑，并且由于該凸輪基圓半徑的設(shè)計(jì)較大，綜合分析可知該機(jī)構(gòu)滾子的設(shè)計(jì)是合理的。壓力角的考慮：對(duì)于一般的直動(dòng)推桿取許用壓力角=30°

49、,在這里e=0。由r0(ds/d)tan-s可知，如果取r=(ds/d)tan-s,只要r0rmax即可用Matlab畫(huà)出r和的關(guān)系曲線如下圖所示thta為下模沖脫料凸輪的轉(zhuǎn)角。結(jié)論：由上圖可以看出r的最大值沒(méi)超過(guò)100mm，所以下模沖凸輪基圓半徑選用100mm是可以的。二、下模沖脫模機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)分析：下模沖脫模機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)要求：a、脫模最大行程為45mm；b、要求頂出距離準(zhǔn)確，復(fù)位快而沖擊小。三、下模沖脫模機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)及過(guò)程a、根據(jù)運(yùn)動(dòng)循環(huán)圖可知，下模沖的運(yùn)動(dòng)周期和上模沖的運(yùn)動(dòng)周期一樣。由=2/T可知，1=2=/3 rad/s。b、運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律：設(shè)凸輪轉(zhuǎn)角為，則：（1）在0°- 180&

50、#176;的過(guò)程中，S =0V=0a=0（2）在180°- 240°的過(guò)程中S=h(-180°)/60°-sin2(-180°)/60°/(2)V=h1-cos2(-180°)/60°a=2h2sin2(-180°)/(60°)2(3)在240°- 300°的過(guò)程中S=hV=0a=0(4)在300°-360°的過(guò)程中S= h1-(-300°)/60°+sin2(-300°)/60°/(2)V= hcos2(-300°)/60°-1/60°a=-2h2 sin2(-300°)/(60°)2四、根據(jù)推桿運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律設(shè)計(jì)凸輪理論輪廓：由所學(xué)知識(shí)可以知道凸輪理論輪廓的方程為：x=(s0+s)si