福師大遠(yuǎn)程教育現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)言學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)資料答案

1、復(fù)習(xí)資料試題I. Multiple-choice questions. Choose the best answer for the following questions.1.The statement “ Double negation is incorrect. ” is an example. of _ rules A. prescriptive B. descriptive C. transformational D. functional2. The distinction between linguistic competence and performance was prop

2、osed by _.3. Consonants and vowels are distinguished by _.A. place of articulationB. manner of articulationC. obstruction of airflowD. total stopping of air4.Which of the following sounds is described as“ voiced alveolar stop”?A. dB. zC. gD. l5. Which of the following morphemes IS a bound morpheme?6

3、. Which of the following words contains NO inflectional suffix?7. The distinction between langue and parole was proposed by _.8. That it is wrong to split an infinitive is an example of _ rules. A. prescriptive B. descriptive C. transformational D. functional9. One criteria of distinguishing differe

4、nt consonants is _.A. the height of tongue raisingB. manner of articulationC. obstruction of airflowD. total stopping of air10.Which of the following sounds is described as“ voiced bilabial stop” ?_.A. bB. zC. gD. l11.Which of the following words contains NO inflectional suffix? _.A. fastestB. darke

5、nC. easierD. studies12.Good: Bad is an example of _.A. gradable antonymyB. relational antonymyC. complementary antonymyD. complete antonymy13.What kind of sounds can be identified when the vocal cords are vibrating?A. VoicelessB. VoicedC. Glottal stopD. Consonant14. Which vowel is different from the

6、 others according to the part of the tongue that is the highest when articulated?15. The morpheme "vision" in the common word "television" is a(n) _. A. bound morphemeB. bound formC. inflectional morphemeD. free morpheme16. A _ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory wo

7、rd that introduces the embedded clause.A. coordinatorB. particleC. prepositionD. subordinator17. "Can I borrow your bike?" _ "You have a bike."C. entailsD. presupposes18. The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the way speakers interpret sentences is called

8、_.A. semanticsB. pragmaticsC. sociolinguisticsD. psycholinguistics19. _ refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straightforward grammatical rules, used as a medium of communication.A. Lingua francaB. CreoleC. PidginD. Standard language20. Psychologists, neurologists and linguists have

9、 concluded that, in addition to the motor area which isresponsible for physical articulation of utterances, three areas of the left brain are vital to language, namely, _ .A. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and the angular gyrusB. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and cerebral cortexC. Bro

10、ca's area, Wernicke's area and neuronsD. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and Exner's area21. According to Krashen, _ refers to the gradual and subconcious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations.A. learningB. competenceC.

11、 performanceD. acquisition22.The pair of words “ lend and” “ borroware” _.A. gradable oppositesB. relational oppositesC.co-hyponymsD. synonyms23.The semantic components of the word gentlemancanbe expressed as _.A. +animate, +male, +human, -adultB. +animate, +male, +human, +adultC. +animate, -male, +

12、human,-adultD. +animate, -male, +human, +adult24.The level of syntactic representation that exists before movement takes place is commonly termed the_.A. phrase structureB. surface structureC. syntactic structureD. deep structureII. True or False questions. Decide whether the following statements ar

13、e True or False.() 1.AComprehensive Grammar of the English Language by Quirket al. is a synchronicstudyoflanguage.() 2.The word“ in ” is an open class word.() 3. Chinese is a tone language.() 4.The word“ above ” includes 2 syllables,whichin the sound b is the coda of the first syllable.() 5.The sema

14、ntic relationship between the two sentences“ John s son is an engineer” and “son ” is presupposition.() 6. A syllable should contain at least one vowel.() 7. Historical linguistics is a diachronic study of language.() 8.In the antonym pair old : young, old is the marked item.() 9.“ Ank” is a morphem

15、e, because it appears in different words, such as tank, bank, rank.() 10.The pronunciationofEnglishconsonants only involves mannerof articulation and placeofarticulation.() 11.A smallchild maycall anyman “ Dad”This. phenomenonistermed as underextensioninpsycholinguistics.() 12.Grammatically well-for

16、med sentences are not necessarily semantically well-formed.() 13.The word chaos does not contain any inflectional suffix.() 14.According to John Austin, performatives do not descript orreport, and therefore,cannotbeverified as true or false.() 15. Predication analysis is a way to analyze word meanin

17、g.() 16. A n inflectional morpheme alters the grammatical category of a word.() 17.English alphabets were borrowed from Latin in Old English period.() 18.Both English and Scottish belongs to Germanic language family.() 19.Roots are always free.() 20.According to CCTV,FAMILYstands for Father and moth

18、er I love you. This is anexample of acronym.() 21.Phablet is an example of blending.() 22.Lexical motivationrefers to the connection betweenlinguistic symbolanditsmeaning.() 23.The words valuable and invaluable are a pair of antonyms.() 24.10. The suffix -er in teacher is an inflectional affix.III.

19、Fill in the blanks with proper terms.1. The description of English vowels needs four variables, i.e. the height of tongue raising, the position of the highest part of the tongue, the length or tenseness of the vowel and _.2. In IPA, there are two ways to transcribe speech sounds. One is _, the other

20、 is narrow transcription.3. Those morphemes that can appear on their own are called _.4. _ intonation signals certainty and completion of the speech.5. If A is a kind of B, then in terms of semantic relation, B is a(n) _ of A.6.The utterance“ I order you to leave the room.” performs a _ speech act.7

21、. _ is the study of meaning in use or in context.8. The standardized and internationally accepted system for phonetic transcription is _.9. In terms of semantic relationship, flower is a(n)_of lily .10. Phoneme _can be described as voiceless alveolar fricatives.11. If two words have following relati

22、onship: the assertion of one means the denial of the other and the denial of one means the assertion of the other, then these two words are a pair of _.12. _ is the study of language in relation to society; it studies how social factors influencethe structure and use of language.13. English has only

23、 _ inflectional morphemes.14. While the meaning of a sentence is decontextualized, that of a(n) _ is context-dependent.15. Words that share the same pronunciations but have different spelling and different meanings are called_16. The difference between consonants and vowels lies in_.17.The symbolic

24、relationship between sound and meaning isand.18.Lexical meaning can be subdivided intomeaning andmeaning.19. Three types of homonyms are perfect homonyms, _ and homophone.20. According to morphological structure, words can be divided into simple words, _ and compound words.21. According to whether it can appear on its own or not, morphemes can be divided into free morphemes and _ morphemes22. The three major word formation processes in English are _ , compounding and conversion.23. In the antonym pair old and young, _ is the marked item.24. The hypothesis that claims that langua