新版外研英語八年級下冊各模塊知識要點及寫作范文(共20頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上英語八年級下冊各模塊知識要點及寫作范文Module 1 Feelings and impressionsUnit 11. What a delicious smell? Smell:一股氣味 （可數(shù)名詞） _ good advice! Its so helpful to us. (what / How) _ interesting the story is! (What / How)2. nice:adj. 美味的，友好的，令人愉快的 nice weather: 好天氣 be nice to sb.:對某人友好 a nice trip: 一次令人愉快的旅行The co

2、okie tastes nice. 這塊餅干嘗起來美味。3. would like 比want 語氣更委婉。 -Would you like to stay here with us? - Yes, Id like / love to.4. lovely: 令人愉快的，可愛的 修飾人或物 a lovely afternoon / girl lively: 活潑的，生動的 a lively lesson:一堂生動的課5. Im afraid that + 從句: 恐怕 （表示歉意或讓對方失望的情況） Im afraid that I cant come to your party tomorro

3、w.6. 1) a bit = a little:有點兒，有點 后接 / 形容詞 / 副詞 形容詞 / 副詞的比較級 I feel a bit thirsty now. After the rain, people feel a bit / a little cooler. 2) a little + 不可數(shù)名詞： There is a little time left.a bit of + 不可數(shù)名詞：There Is a bit of water in thebottle.7. have a try: 試一試 have a / an + 名詞 have a swim:游泳 have a b

4、reak:休息 have a shower:洗沐浴 8. I have a sweet tooth. 我喜歡吃甜食。9. be done: 做好了，完成了 done: adj. 做好了的，完成了10. be sure + 從句：Are you sure what you said? Be sure of / about sth.: 對確信 Im sure of / about the telephone number. be sure (not) to do. Sth.: 確保/ 務必（不）做某事 Be sure not to miss the early bus.11. lucky day:

5、幸運日 Youre a lucky boy. 你是一個幸運兒。 Good luck to you. 祝你好運。Unit 21. thanks for = thank you for: 因而感謝你 Thank you for / your help. sending me phots.2. message: 口信、信息 （可數(shù)名詞）take a message:捎個口信 leave a message:留信 Information: 信息（不可數(shù)名詞） a piece of information , some information3. hear from sb. = get / receiv

6、e a letter from sb. : 收到某人的來信 I heard from my uncle last week. = I got / received a letter from my uncle last week.4. cant wait to do sth. : 等不及 / 迫不及待做某事 I cant wait to open the present.5. quite: 1) quite a / an + 形容詞 + 名詞 quite a nice boy:一個相當好的男孩。 2）quite 修飾動詞時放在動詞前 He quite likes maths. 他很喜歡數(shù)學。

7、very: 1) a very + 形容詞 + 名詞 a very nice boy 2) very 與much合在一起修飾動詞時，位于句末。He likes English very much.6. sound like: 聽起來（像） The music sounds very beautiful.7. 1) sb. spend some time / money (in) doing sth.: 某人花費時間 / 錢做某事Dont spend too much time (in) playing computer games. 2) sb. spend some time / money

8、 on sth. :某人花時間 / 錢在某事/某物上I spent ten yuan on this book. Many people spned their free time on their hobbies.8. be proud of sb. / sth. : 以某人 / 某事為自豪 Parents are proud of their children. Were proud of our country.9. be good at sth. / doing sth. = do well in sth. / doing sth. 擅長某事 / 做某事 Im good at Engl

9、ish / swimming. = I do well in English / swimming.10. How do you feel about？= What do you think of ? = How do you like？ How do you feel about the film? = What do you think of the film?11. in: 在多久之后，常用于將來時，對其提問用how soon - How soon will you leave Beijing? - Ill come back in three days.12. how to do th

10、ings: 疑問詞 + 不定式，在句中可作主語、賓語、表語 1) I dont know what to do. = I dont know what I should do. （作賓語）疑問詞加不定式作賓語時可以轉換成賓語從句。 2) When to hold the meeting hasnt been decided. （作主語） 3) His dream is how to be a good scientist. （作表語） 4) I dont know what to do. = I dont know how to do it. 13. 1) be afraid of sb. /

11、 sth. : 害怕某人/某物 Im afraid of doctors / dogs. 2) be afraid of doing sth.: 害怕做某事 Im afraid of flying / going out at night. 3) be afraid to do sth.: 害怕做某事 Im afraid to swim across the river. 4) Im afraid that: 恐怕 Im afraid that you must study hard.語法：表示感覺和知覺的系動詞也稱感官系動詞1. 五個表示感覺和知覺的系動詞與眼、耳、口、鼻、手相關系。 loo

12、k, sound, taste, smell, feel + 形容詞 He feels tired after work.2. 感官系動詞后可接介詞like, like后常接名詞。 His idea sounds like fun .3. 感官系動詞的句型結構與be 不同，其否定形式和疑問形式要借助動詞 do。 The food tastes delicious. 變成否定句 The food doesnt taste delicious. 變成一般疑問句 Does the food taste delicious?4.持續(xù)系動詞，用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep,rema

13、in,stay The weather will keep warm for 7 days. 5.變化系動詞有become, grow, turn, get, go等。書面表達在英語學習中，與北京陽光中學的同學朝夕相處，其中Daniel的善良和助人為樂等優(yōu)秀品質給我們留下了深刻的印象。請根據(jù)下面提示，用英語寫一篇短文。提示：1.Personality: helpfulhelp old woman cross the road kindwork at the Helping Hands Club creativecreative a TV programme點撥：人物介紹（年齡、外貌、身份、性格

14、） 典型事例（性格、品質）人物評價（喜愛、夸贊）My friend Daniel My friend Daniel comes from Beijing Sunshine Secondary School. He has a round face and often wears a pair of glasses. He is good at playing computer games, but he dislikes sports. He has many good personal qualities. He is helpful. He often helps his classmat

15、es with the homework. He also helps old woman cross the road. He is kind to others. He works at the Helping Hands Club. He is creative. For example, he can create a TV programme. He is generous to his friends. He likes to share his things with them. So I want to be a person like Daniel from now on a

16、nd get on well with everyone.Module 2 ExperiencesUnit 11. 1) enter = take part in = join in 參加 enter a competition: 參加比賽 2) enter = come / go into 進入 Please enter the classroom.2. ever: 曾經(jīng)、從來，用于現(xiàn)在完成時的一疑問句、否定句。 1) Have / Has sb. ever + done sth. ? 某人曾經(jīng)做過某事嗎？Have you ever entered a club? 2) ever用于否定句，

17、not ever = never 從來She hasnt ever entered any competitions.3. before adv. 以前, 與現(xiàn)在完成時連用; 也可與一般過去時/一般現(xiàn)在時連用,位于句末。 She has never been to Beijing before.Turn off the light before you leave the room. He came back before 10 oclock last night.4. 1) afford: 買得起、付得起，常與can, could, be able to 連用。The house is to

18、o expensive. I cant afford it. 2) afford后跟動詞不定式作賓語，can afford to / do sth.: 有能力支付做某事 buy sth.: 買得起某物 I can afford to visit Shanghai this year. He is very poor and cant afford to buy a house in the city.5. Thats a pity. What a pity! 真遺憾！ Its a pity that: 太可惜了 Its a pity that you cant come to the part

19、y.6. here , there , out, in 等表示方位的副詞開頭的句子中，主語是名詞，句子要全部倒裝； 如果主語是代詞，句子則要部分倒裝。 Here is a gift for you. Here comes the bus. (主語是名詞) Here it is. Here you are. (主語是代詞)7. 不定式短語在句中作目的狀語，位于句首或句中。 To catch the early bus, I get up early. (位于句首，其后有逗號) He studied hard to pass the exam. (位于主句后即句末)8. She worried a

20、bout her future. = She _ _ about her future.9. make up: 編造，組成 Can you make up a story? be made up of: 由組成 The basketball team is made up of 20 players.10. 1) I hope that (賓語從句) 表示祝愿: I hope that my dream will come true. 2) hope / wish to do sth.: I wish to become a doctor in the future. 3) wish sb.

21、to do sth.: I wish you to come to my birthday party.11. 1) invite sb. to do sth.: 邀請某人做某事 Lily invited me to see a film yesterday. 2) invite sb. to someplace: 邀請某人去某地 Ill invite Lilly to my party.Unit 21. 數(shù)詞-名詞-形容詞：合成 /復合形容詞，其中的名詞必須用單數(shù)形式，只能放在名詞前做定語，不能作表語。 Tom is an eight-year-old boy. Tom is eight y

22、ears old.2. one of + the 形容詞最高級 + 名詞復數(shù)形式：最之一 The Yangze River is one of the longest rivers in the world.3. move to sp.: 搬到某地 They are moving to Beijing in a month.他們一個月后要搬到北京。4.1) send sb. to do sth.: 派遣某人做某事 They sent some scientists to work in Beijing. 2)send sb. to a place: 派某人去某地 The school sent

23、 Tom to Guilin. 3)send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb.: 送/ 寄給某人某物 I sent Lily a book. = I sent a book to Lily.5. the + 姓氏s :一家人，夫婦 , 其作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。 The Smiths are having dinner now.6. 1) has / have been to: 去過某地(表示經(jīng)歷)，人現(xiàn)在已回來，常與ever, never，次數(shù)等連用。I have been to Beijing twice. 我已去過北京兩次了。 2) has /have gon

24、e to: 去某地了（表示此人不在這兒），不能用于第三人稱。 - May I speak to Li Tao? 我可以和地濤通話嗎？ - Sorry. He has gone to Beijing. 很抱歉。他去北京了。3) has / have been in: 住在/ 在，是延續(xù)性動詞短語，可以與時間段連用。 He has been in Shanghai / for ten years. since he worked .7.be different from: 與不同 His bike is different from mine.8.in many ways: 在許多方面 In ma

25、ny ways, they do better than us.9. think / find / feel it + adj.(形容詞) to do sth.: 覺得/ 認為/感覺做某事 I think it important to learn English well. I find it boring to play computer games. 10. so far= up to now: 到目前為止，常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用,位于句首或句末。 We have planted 2,000 trees so far. So far I have learned 10,000 words.1

26、1. mix with：把和混和在一起 We can sometimes mix business with pleasure. 我們有時可以把工作和娛樂結合起來。12. 1) ask sb. (not) to do sth.: 要求/ 讓某人（不）做某事 Tom asked his mother to wake him up at seven oclock. 2) ask sb. about sth.: 向某人詢問有關某事 ask ab. for sth.: 向某人要某物 Tom asked me about the homework. I asked Tom for a book.話題寫作

27、： 請你介紹一下游覽北京的經(jīng)歷，內(nèi)容如下： 1.北京在中國的北方，每年有很多人到北京旅游； 2.來過北京多次，跑遍了北京城； 3.爬過長城，到過頤和園(the Summer Palace)和故宮(the Palace Museum); 4.拍下了很多照片，與外國人用英語交談過。 Beijing is in the north of China. There are many places of interest there. A lot of people come to visit Beijing every year. I have been to Beijing many times.

28、I have traveled around Beijing. I have climbed the Great Wall. I have visited the Summer Palace and the Palace Museum. I have also had conversation with foreigners and I have taken lots of photos. It was an interesting experience. I had a good time there.Module3 Journey to spaceUnit 11. What are you

29、 up to? = What are you doing ? up to:忙于2. 1) just: 剛剛，用于現(xiàn)在完成時，位于助動詞后，實義動詞前。The train has just left. 2) just now = a moment ago 剛才，常與一般過去時連用，位于句末。I saw an old friend just now.3. yet: 1) 用于現(xiàn)在完成時的疑問句中，位于句末，意為“已經(jīng)”。 Have you finished your homework yet? 2) 用于現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句中，位于句末，意為“還沒有”，notyet I have not seen

30、the film yet. 我還沒看過這部電影。 already:已經(jīng)，用于現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句中，位于助動詞has / have后,有時位于句末。 I have already finished my homework. I have seen the film already.4. the latest news: 最新的消息5. Thats why: 那就是的原因 why在此引導的是表語從句。 My bike was broken. Thats why I was late for school.6. discover: 發(fā)現(xiàn)本已存在的客觀事物、科學上的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。 Columbus disc

31、overed America. 哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲。7. 1) no one = nobody 沒有人, 作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，只指人，不能指物。 No one likes this kind of book. 2) None: 可以接of短語，既可以指人也可以指物。None of the coats is red. 8. in order to do sth.:為了做某事,表目的，位于句首或句中,可與so as to do sth.相互轉換。 He got up early in order to catch the first bus. = In order to catch the

32、 first bus, he got up early.9. 1) one day: 某一天（過去/ 將來），用過去/ 將來時 Ill realize my dream one day 2) some day: 某一天 （將來），用一般將來時 Ill travel around the world some day. 3) The other day: 幾天前（過去），用一般過去時 I met an old friend in the street the other day.Unit 2 1. there be 就近原則：be 動詞與和它最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。 there be 的

33、一般將來時結構為：there will be 或There is / are going to be There is a bank and some pens on the desk. There will be / is going to be a football match tomorrow.2. on the earth: 在地球上 on earth: 究竟、世界上 Who on earth won the match?3. go around: 圍繞運行 The earth goes around the sun.4. a group of: 一群/ 組，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形

34、式。 She has a group of friends. 5. possible:可能的 impossible:不可能的 polite:禮貌的 impolite:不禮貌的6. adj. / adv. + enough to do sth.: Your brother is old enough to go to school. This book isnt easy enough for me to read.7. 介詞短語作狀語。 With a smile on her face, she came in.8. alone: adj. 獨自的、單獨的 adv. 單獨地、獨自地 lonel

35、y: adj. 孤獨的、寂寞的 He lives alone, but he doesnt feel lonely.9. communicate with sb.: 與某人交流 n. communication交流 We need to communicate with our parents at home.語法：1. 現(xiàn)在完成時常與already, yet, just, before, recently等詞連用。 She has just arrived in China. I havent seen him recently. We have seen the film before.2

36、. 現(xiàn)在完成時常與ever, never, twice 等連用。 Have you ever been to Beijing? I have been to Guilin twice.話題寫作： 隨著時代的進步、科技的發(fā)展，人們的生活發(fā)生了日新月異的變化。未來的生活將會是什么樣子的呢？誰都無法預料。請發(fā)揮想象，談一談未來的日子里，將有哪些不可思議的變化。如：很多事情由機器人或計算機完成、在家購物、足不出戶旅行請以“The life we cant imagine”為題寫一篇短文。The life we cant imagine What do you think of the life in

37、the future will be like? In the future there will be more computers in our houses. Computers will help us to know a lot about the world. We will be able to talk by e-mail. Scientists will make many robots. Robots can help us do the cleaning, cooking and washing. We can do some shopping or see a doct

38、or without going out of our houses. The life in the future will be very good. For this, we will study hard and turn our ideas into reality. I believe we will be able to do this.Module 4 Seeing the doctorUnit 11. How can I help you? = What can I do for you? 有什么事？2. ill: 只作表語 Tom was ill yesterday. He

39、 has been ill for 4 days. sick: 可作表語或定語 The mother is looking after her sick son.3. My head hurts. = I have got a headache.= I have a pain in my head. 我頭痛。4. have / catch a cold: 感冒 have a bad cold:患重感冒 have a high / lowfever:發(fā)高 / 低燒 have a cough: 咳嗽 have a toothache:牙痛5. take ones temperature: 給某人量

40、體溫 Have you taken your temperature?6. exercise: 1) 鍛煉、運動，為不可數(shù)名詞。 We should do / tale some exercise every day. 2) 練習、作業(yè)、體操，為可數(shù)名詞。 Doing morning exercises is good for your health. I have two exercises to do today.7. since: 1) 作連詞，引導時間狀語從句，從句用一般過去時?，F(xiàn)在完成時 + since +句子（一般過去時）He has lived here since he was

41、 10 . 2) 作介詞，后跟時間點 She has worked here since 2010. for: 計、達，后跟一段時間（時間段） I have worked here for 14 years.8. 1) be harmful to = be bad for 對有害Smoking is harmful to you. = Smoking is bad for you. 2) do harm to sb. / sth.: 傷害某人 / 某物Staying up late does harm to our body. 3) Its harmful to do sth.: 做某事是有害

42、的 Its harmful to read in the sun.9. once a week: 一周一次 twice a year:一年兩次 這些表示頻率的短語，對其提問用how often. - How often do you go swimming? - Three times a week.10. 提問一段時間用how long. - How long have you been in Guilin? - For three years.Unit 21. I feel well. 我感覺身體好。 well= fine 2. active: adj. 積極的、活躍的 Tony was

43、very active at the party last night. take an active part in: 積極參加 Tony always takes an active part in the English club.3. by: 介詞，通過 by doing sth.:通過某各方式 My sister learns English by listening to English songs.4. Mr. Green bought the car last year. (改為現(xiàn)在完成時的句子) Mr. Green has had the car for a year.5.

44、feel / keep healthy = feel / keep fit 感到/ 保持健康6. take part in = join in 參加活動 join in the discussion / the sports meeting join: 加入黨派、團體、組織，成為其中一員 join the army / the Party join sb. in sth. / doing sth.: Will you join us in playing basketball?7. be in excellent condition: 健康狀況很好 be in trouble:處于困境 He

45、is in trouble and needs our help.8. for / in the last few weeks / months / years: 在過去的幾周 / 月/ 年里，常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。 I have learnt lots of English words in the last few weeks.9. sleepy adj. 欲睡的、想睡的 I often feel sleepy in class. asleep adj. 睡著的、睡熟的 fall asleep:入睡、睡著 I felt sleepy and fell asleep soon.10. dail

46、y = everyday adj. 日常的、天天的 in daily life:在日常生活中11. weak: 虛弱的、弱的 Tom is a little weak. be weak in: 在方面差 I am weak in maths but good at Chinese.12. feel awful: 感到不舒服 The weather is awful / terrible today. 極壞的、壞透了13. all over: 渾身、到處 Im black and white all over. 我渾身青一塊紫一塊。 all over 指“遍布”與around 同義：all ov

47、er the world = all around the world14. too + adj. to do sth.: 太而不能做某事，可以與not enough to do sth 及 Sothat的否定結構互換。 His brother is too young to join the army. = His brother is not old enough to join the army. = His brother is so young that he cant join the army.語法：短暫性動詞轉換成延續(xù)性動詞。 buy have / own borrow kee

48、p begin / start be on go be away die be dead join be in / be a member of leave be away marry be married return be back open be open go there be there come here be here get to know know catch a cold have a cold put on wear / be onI have kept that book for two months.How long have you had the camera?話

49、題寫作：假如你是Tom,你在美國的朋友Tony生病了，請你寫一封電子郵件，并告訴他做如下事情：see a doctor; eat healthy food; have more fruit and vegetables; get enough sleep; stay happy.Dear Tony,Im sorry to hear you are ill. You have a fever and had a headache. You should see a doctor first. Then you drink more water, eat healthy food, and hav

50、e more fruit and vegetables. You should get enough sleep and stay happy. You shouldnt study when you are too tired. Its not good for your health. I hope youll be better soon.Best wishes!Yours,TomModule 5 Cartoon storiesUnit 11. 1) Its time to do sth. = Its time for sth. 該做某事的時候了 Its time to have lun

51、ch. = Its time for lunch. Its time to go to school. = Its time for school. 2) Its time for sb. to do sth.: 該到某人做某事的時候了。 Its time for us to have a rest. 3) There is no time to do sth. 沒時間做某事。 There is no time to have breakfast.2. 穿過：You must be careful when you walk across the road. The river runs th

52、rough the city. The moonlight goes through the window and makes the room bright.3.fight: 1) fight sb.: 打某人 Dont fight the other students. 2) fight with / against sb.: 與打架、同并肩作戰(zhàn) Tom is fighting with Tony in the classroom. 3) fight for: 為而戰(zhàn)（和平、自由、國家） They fight for peace / freedom / their country. 4)

53、have a fight with sb. = fight with sb. 與某人打架4. climb up: 往上爬、爬上 They need to climb up the trees with ladders.5. someone: 某人、有人，多用于肯定句中，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 否定或疑問句中用anyone. In the dark someone was following her. I cant find anyone to help me.6. 1) keep doing sth.: 一直做某事 The little baby keeps crying all ni

54、ght. 2) keep sb. / sth. + adj.: 使處于某種狀態(tài)Keep your hands clean. Keep your eyes closed. 3) keep sb. doing sth.: 使某人一直做某事 Im sorry to keep you waiting for 2 hours. 4) keep + adj.: 保持 keep healthy / clean7. 否定轉移：從句中的否定習慣上轉移到主句上，類似的詞有believe, guess, think等。 I dont think he will come. I dont believe he is right.8. cant help doing sth. = cant stop doing sth: 情不自