BOOK1Unit5 Nelson Mandela Vocabulary詞匯講解

1、構(gòu)詞法：（1）前綴il/un+形容詞 反義詞equal-unequal legal-illegalwilling-unwilling fair-unfair（2）名詞+后綴ful 形容詞hope-hopeful peace-peacefulyouth-youthful meaning-meaningful respect-respectful構(gòu)詞法：（3）動(dòng)詞+ed 形容詞devote-devoted educate-educated shock-shocked frighten-frightenedinjure-injured disable-disabled （4）動(dòng)詞+er/or 名詞（

2、人）found-founder vote-voter attack-attacker educate-educatorbeg-beggar 構(gòu)詞法：（5）其他devote-devotion nation-national-nationalismguide-guidance violence-violentwilling-willingness educate-educationterror-terrorist-terrorism cruelty-cruelgenerous-generosity curious-curiosity重點(diǎn)詞匯（1）quality n.品質(zhì)、質(zhì)量of high/low

3、 quality 高/低質(zhì)量的 這個(gè)短語(yǔ)通常放在名詞后面做后置定語(yǔ)或放在be動(dòng)詞后面做表語(yǔ)in quality 在質(zhì)量上the safety and quality of food 食品安全和質(zhì)量(1)What qualities does a great person have?(2)These are leather goods of high quality.(3)The kitchen oil used in that restaurant was poor in quality.(4)The films that Morgan Freeman stars in are of high

4、 quality.重點(diǎn)詞匯（2）active adj.積極的，活躍的 activity n.活動(dòng)be active in something/doing something 積極做某事be active as作為積極after-class activities 課外活動(dòng)(1) The Frenchmen are active in fighting against the nuclear weapons.(2) Dong Qing has been very active as an hostess.(3) Nowadays, after-class activities are becomi

5、ng more and more popular in high schools.重點(diǎn)詞匯（3）devote vt. 獻(xiàn)身于、把投入到devoted adj. 忠誠(chéng)的、摯愛(ài)的、奉獻(xiàn)的、(to)致力于的devote ones time/money/life to 把時(shí)間/金錢/生命獻(xiàn)給devote oneself to. 獻(xiàn)身于a devoted son/friend/wife 孝子，忠誠(chéng)的朋友，奉獻(xiàn)的妻子be devoted to 致力于(1) He devoted much of his spare time to sports.(2) Yuan Longping devotes himse

6、lf entirely to _ (develop) new rice.(3) Qian Xuesen was _ to science all his life.developingdevoted重點(diǎn)詞匯（4）found vt.建立 n. foundation / founder（人） (1) The Peoples Republic of China was _ in 1949.(2) The year of 1949 saw the _ of the Peoples Republic of China .(3) After the end of the civil war, the po

7、or boy was finally _ by his family.foundedfoundationfound重點(diǎn)詞匯（5）attack vt./n. （物理）攻擊、進(jìn)攻；（言語(yǔ)）抨擊；（疾病的）侵襲發(fā)作attack someone = give an attack/attacks on someone 攻/抨擊be attacked by some disease 某種疾病發(fā)作（被動(dòng)）heart attack n. 心臟病發(fā)作 He died of heart attack.(1) The newspapers _ _ _ the president because of the new

8、 law.(2) At midnight, the police began to _ the drug dealers.(3) The virus seems to _ _ his throat. 病毒似乎已經(jīng)侵害到他的喉嚨。gave attacks onattack have attacked重點(diǎn)詞匯（6）equal vt. 比得上 adj.平等的，相等的，勝任的 equality n. 平等 equal someone in sth. 在某方面比得上某人be equal to. 與相等/平等；能夠勝任.equal rights/opportunities 平等的權(quán)利/機(jī)會(huì)(1) Lucy

9、 _ Maria _ dancing. (2) Im sure Harry is _ this job.(3) Nelson Mandela was devoted to making black and white people _(4) Women must battle on until they have gained _.equalsinequal toequalequality重點(diǎn)詞匯 （7）escape n./vi./vt.逃脫，逃走，逃避；避免；（氣體，液體）漏出，逸出escape from.（prison，burning house 等） 從逃脫，逃走escape from

10、reality 逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)；sth. escape from ones mind 某事被某人忘了escape doing sth. 避免做.(主動(dòng))； escape being done 避免被.(被動(dòng))have a narrow escape 勉強(qiáng)逃過(guò)一難； make ones escape 逃走了(1) The man escaped.= The man made his escape.(2) More and more oil are escaping from the East China Sea, which pollutes the sea badly.(3) The boy who

11、 cheated in the exam escaped _ /_ _(punish)。punishmentbeing punished重點(diǎn)詞匯（8）sentence n. 句子 vt. 判刑sentence sb. to death 判處某人死刑sentence sb. to one years（所有格） imprisonment（名詞）= sentence sb. one year in prison 判處某人一年監(jiān)禁sentence sb to five years hard labour 判處某人五年勞役The judge sentenced the drunk driver to three years in prison. 改成被動(dòng)the drunk driver was sentenced to three years in prison by the judge.= three years imprisonment比較： fee & fareschool fees學(xué)費(fèi) boarding fees寄宿費(fèi) lawyers fees律師的收費(fèi) vets fees獸醫(yī)的收費(fèi)pay expensive fees for clubs 繳納昂貴的費(fèi)用參加俱樂(lè)部比較： reward & awardreward sb. with sth.