PEP-小學六年級小升初總復習資料

1、一、名詞（名詞分可數名詞和不可數名詞）可數名詞：1）單數（表示一個人或事物）；l 一般在前面加a；l 以元音開頭的單詞前用an：（元音字母有Aa，Ee，Ii，Oo，Uu）an apple an English book 特殊記：an hour a university student2）復數（表示多于一個的人或數）。名詞復數形式的構成形式變化規(guī)則例詞一般情況+sbooks, cups, catsdogs, birds, armsdays, players以-s,-sh, -ch, -x結尾+esbuses, boxes, watches大多數以-o結尾的名詞+estomatoes, potat

2、oes少多數以-o結尾的名詞+spianos, photos, zoos以輔音字母加y結尾把y改成i再加escities, libraries以f和fe結尾的大多數名詞把f或fe改成v再加esknives, leaves不規(guī)則名詞的復數1. man-men, woman-women ,policeman-policewomen，tooth-teeth, foot-feet, child-children2. 有些名詞的復數形式與單數的形式一樣： sheep, deer, fish, people不可數名詞(沒有復數，前面不加a/an)：如，hair，rice，bread，milk, water

3、, tea, money, medicine, beef名詞所有格的形式：單數人稱名詞末尾加 s mothers Mikes以-s結尾的復數人稱名詞末尾加 girls students 不以-s結尾的復數人稱名詞末尾加s childrens mens 二、人稱代詞人稱代詞物主代詞單數復數單數復數主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性名詞性形容詞性名詞性第一人稱Imeweusmymineourours第二人稱youyouyouyouyouryoursyouryours第三人稱hehimtheythemhishistheirtheirssheherherhersitititsits三、動詞動詞主要表示動作，小學

4、的動詞主要有：實義動詞、be動詞、情態(tài)動詞can等。注意：be動詞的用法：I跟am，you/we/they跟are，is連著he/she/it,單數is，復數都用are。動詞的基本形式原形第三人稱單數過去式現在分詞learnlearnslearnedlearningstudystudiesstudiedstudyingdodoesdiddoinggogoeswentgoingrunrunsranrunningswimswimsswamswimminghavehashadhaving三人稱單數現在式情況變化規(guī)則例詞一般情況+sworks, learns, says結尾為s,x,sh,ch,o+e

5、spasses, washes, teaches, goes，watches結尾為輔音字母+y變y為i+esstudies, flies動詞的過去式加ed以e結尾，加ed以輔音字母加y結尾，先變y為i再加ed以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾而末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞特殊lookedwashedpassedlikedlived studied stopped, plannedmake-made sing-sang fly-flew win-wonbuy-bought take-took eat-ate see-sawget-got am/is-was are-were leave-left現在分詞情

6、況變化規(guī)則例詞一般情況+ingdoing, asking以不發(fā)音的e結尾的動詞去e加inghaving, taking, writing, living以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾而末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞雙寫最后一個輔音字母，再加inggetting, setting, putting, sitting，planning動詞的時態(tài)動詞時態(tài)是表示時間和表示方式的一種動詞形式。小學階段所學的時態(tài)有：1.一般現在時：work/works2. 現在進行時：am/is/are working3. 一般過去時：worked4. 一般將來時：am/is/are going to work1.一般現在時通常表示經常發(fā)

7、生的或習慣性的動作或目前的狀態(tài)(結構：動詞用原形或三人稱單數)。常與時間副詞連用：sometimes, always, often, usually, every（day，weekend，month，year）, on Sundays, on the weekend等。基本結構肯定句否定句一般疑問句I work.We work.I dont work.We dont work.Do I work?Do we work?You work.You dont work.Do you work?They work.They dont work.Do they work?SheHe works.ItSh

8、eHe doesnt work.It sheDoes he work? it特殊疑問句：What do you usually do?2.現在進行時通常表示說話時或現階段正在發(fā)生或進行著的動作(結構：am/is/are+動詞ing )。常見的與現在進行時有關的詞有：now, look, listen等?；窘Y構肯定句否定句一般疑問句I am working.We are working.Im not working.Were not working.Am I working?Are we working?You are working.You arent working.Are you wor

9、king?They are working.They arent working.Are they working?SheHe is working.ItSheHe isnt working.It sheIs he working? it特殊疑問句：What are you doing now?3.一般過去時通常表示過去某一時間所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。(結構：動詞用過去式 )。常與表示過去的時間狀語連用：yesterday, the day before yesterday, last（day，weekend，month，year，night, Sunday）in 1998等。基本結構肯定句

10、否定句一般疑問句I worked.We worked.I didnt work.We didnt work.Did I work?Did we work?You worked.You didnt work.Did you work?They worked.They didnt work.Did they work? She He worked. ItSheHe didnt work.It sheDid he work? it特殊疑問句：What did you do yesterday?4.一般將來時(結構：am/is/are + going to +動詞原形 或者will +動詞原形)表示將

11、來發(fā)生的動作或情況。常與一些表示將來的時間狀語連用：tomorrow, next（weekend，month，year）,the day after tomorrowBe going to do表示主體現在打算在最近或將來要做某事；也可以表示“預見”，即現在已有跡象表明將要發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生某種情況?；窘Y構肯定句否定句一般疑問句Im going to work.Were going to work.Im not going to work.We arent going to work.Am I going to work?Are we going to work?Youre going to w

12、ork.You arent going to work.Are you going to work?Theyre going to work.They arent going to work.Are they going to work?SheHe is going to work.ItSheHe isnt going to work.It sheIs he going to work? itYoure going to work.You arent going to work.Are you going to work?特殊疑問句：What are you going to do tomor

13、row?/what will you do next week?情態(tài)動詞can的用法：基本結構肯定句否定句一般疑問句I can swim.We can swim.I cant swim.We cant swim.Can I swim?Can we swim?You can swim.You cant swim.Can you swim?They can swim.They cant swim.Can they swim?SheHe can swim.ItSheHe cant swim.It sheCan he swim? it特殊疑問句：What can you do?四、數詞1.表示數目的詞

14、稱為基數詞112的基數詞：one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve1319的基數詞： thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen2090的基數詞： twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety2129的基數： twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three, twenty-four, twenty-

15、five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine thirty-nine, forty-eight, fifty-seven.百位數：one hundred, two hundred, three hundred, four hundredfive hundred and eight-six, six hundred and ninety-nine,seven hundred and eight, eight hundred and one千位數：one thousand, four thousand, seven thousa

16、nd one hundred and five2 表示數目順序的詞稱為序數詞1. 英語序數詞第1-19除了first, second與third有特殊形式外，其余的都由基數詞加后綴-th構成。 注意：fifth, eighth, ninth和twelfth的拼法特殊。2. 十位數的序數詞的構成方法是：先把十位數的基數詞的詞尾ty中的y變?yōu)閕，然后加后綴-eth,如： twentytwentieth, fortyfortieth五、介詞方位介詞in, on, at, under, to, over, behind, beside, near, before, in front of, next

17、to, between時間介詞in, on, at, after（.之后）, before, fromto, past, between（.之間）其它of, by（.交通方式）, with（和）, into, out off, for, about（關于）,in+月份/季節(jié)/年份 如：in May， in spring，in 2013， in the morning/afternoon/eveningin+地點 如：in the park in Shanghai on+星期/日期等具體時間 如：on Monday in October 22ndat+具體時刻或地點 如：at 9:00 at h

18、ome 六、形容詞和副詞形容詞和副詞的比較級情況比較級最高級一般情況+er, 如：taller, longer+est, 如：tallest, longest以e結尾+r, 如： larger+st, 如： largest以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾的詞雙寫最后一個字母再+er, 如: bigger, fatter，hotter，thinner雙寫最后一個字母，再+est，如：biggest, fattest ,hottest，thinnest以輔音字母加y結尾的詞把y改為i再+er, 如：busier, earlier，happier，funnier把y改為i再+est, 如：busiest, earl

19、iest,happiest,funniest不規(guī)則的詞：good/well many/much farbettermorefartherbest most farthest比較級的用法如：Helen is taller than Lucy.He is thinner than me.My hands are bigger than yours.Jim is as tall as his father.( Jim和他爸爸一樣高。)Litter Water Drop goes higher and higher.(小水滴越飛越高。)The higher the mountain is, the t

20、hinner the air is.（山越高，空氣就越稀?。┳罡呒壍挠梅ǎ篧hich do you like best, basketball, volleyball, or football? 籃球，排球，足球，你最喜歡哪一種？Who is oldest of the three boys? (三個男孩，誰最老？) 七There be 的結構There be表示 “某處有某物”, 肯定句： There is/was a There are/were 一般疑問句: Is/Was there ? Yes, there is/was. No, there isnt/was. Are there?

21、Yes, there are/were. No, there arent/werent.否定句： There isnt/wasnt . There arent/werent.1.Some 和 any 一般情況下， some用于肯定句中， any用于否定句和疑問句中。如： There is some milk in the bottle. There arent any pictures on the wall. Is there anything new in todays newspaper?2.Be動詞與后面所跟名詞的就近原則： There is a pen and two pencils

22、 in the box. There are some students and a teacher in the classroom.3.特殊疑問句：1) Whats in the basket? There are some eggs in it.2) How many students are there in your class? There are fifty students.八“Wh”的疑問句1. What1) Whats this/that? 2) Whats your name? 3) What are you doing? 4) What do you like? 5)

23、What did you do? 6) What does he/she do? 7) What do you usually do on the weekends? 8) What are you going to do? 9) What colour is it? 10) Whats the weather like? 11) What time is it? Whats the time? 12) What day is it today? Whats the date? 13) What would you like? 13) What can you see? 14) What su

24、bjects do you have this term? 15) What lessons do you have in the morning?How 1) How are you? 2) How old are you? 3) How do we go to the park? 4) How many apples can you see? 5) How much are they? 6) How about? 7) How far is it from here? How long is it? How often do you go to the park ? How heavy are you? How big is it? How tall are you?Who Who is that? Whos that boy in/with?Whose 1)Whose is this bike? 2)Whose bike is this? 3) Whose bag is bigger, yours