法律英語(yǔ)常用詞匯和句型總結(jié)(共6頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上常用術(shù)語(yǔ)總結(jié)一、 基本概念及用法債權(quán)人：obligee 債務(wù)人：obligor一方：one party對(duì)方相對(duì)人：the other party； 善意相對(duì)人：the other party in good faith債權(quán)：creditors right; right to performance; right債務(wù)/義務(wù)： obligation標(biāo)的物：subject matter責(zé)任：liability要約：offer; 承諾：acceptance; 要約邀請(qǐng)：invitation to offer; 要約人：offeror受要約人：offeree收件人：recipi

2、ent代理人：agent被代理人/本人：principle行為人：person performing (such) act代理權(quán)：agency authority應(yīng)當(dāng)：shall可以：may不能：may not不正當(dāng)：improperly有權(quán)做. . .：may; is entitled to do履行義務(wù)：perform obligation, render performance訂立合同：enter into a contract; conclude a contract; form a contract帶來(lái)?yè)p失：cause loss to . . .損害利益：harm somebodys

3、 interest賠償損失：indemnify the other party for its loss由某人承擔(dān)費(fèi)用：expenses shall be borne by sb.承擔(dān)損害賠償責(zé)任：be liable for damages各自承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的責(zé)任：bear their respective liabilities accordingly要求承擔(dān)違約責(zé)任：hold . . . liable for breach of contract享有權(quán)利、承擔(dān)義務(wù)：assume right and obligation二、各個(gè)條文中的術(shù)語(yǔ)合同訂立采取. . .方式： a contract is

4、concluded by the exchange of. . .(e.g. by the exchange of an offer and an acceptance; by the exchange of electronic messages) . . .的意思表示：manifestation of intention to do something做出表示：manifest his intention (to do)接受履行：accept the performance 訂立合同時(shí)：in the course of concluding/ negotiating a contract;

5、 at the time of its conclusion 符合規(guī)定：meet the requirement of . . .承諾的撤回：withdrawal of acceptance書(shū)面形式：in writing合同書(shū)形式：memorandum of contract具有本法. . .條規(guī)定的情形：fall into any of the circumstances set forth in Article. . .撤回：withdraw; 撤銷(xiāo)：cancel 拒絕追認(rèn)：decline; 拒絕履行：reject受約束：be bound；is binding upon somebody表

6、明：indicate價(jià)目表：price list拍賣(mài)公告：announcement of auction招標(biāo)公告：call for tender招股說(shuō)明書(shū)：prospectus商業(yè)廣告：commercial advertisement數(shù)據(jù)電文：electronic message指定特定系統(tǒng)：designate a specific system快速通訊方式：instantaneous communication device國(guó)家指令性任務(wù)或國(guó)家訂貨任務(wù)：state mandatory plan or state purchase order根據(jù)需要/要求：in light of its re

7、quirement格式條款：standard terms條款：provision提請(qǐng)注意義務(wù)：duty to call attention應(yīng). . .要求，做. . .：do something upon the request of . . .與對(duì)方協(xié)商：negotiate with the other party預(yù)先擬定：prepare in advance重復(fù)使用：repeated use提供格式條款一方：the party supplying standard terms免除或限制責(zé)任：exclude or limit liability加重對(duì)方責(zé)任：increase the liab

8、ilities of the other party排除對(duì)方主要權(quán)利：deprive the other party of material rights合理的方式：in a reasonable manner對(duì)格式條款的理解：construction of standard term通常理解：common sense不一致：discrepancy between and 解釋：interpret 締約過(guò)失責(zé)任：pre-contract liabilities惡意磋商：negotiate in bad faith以. . .名義：under the pretext of隱瞞與. . .有關(guān)的重

9、要事實(shí)：conceal material facts relating to . . .提供虛假情況：supply false information商業(yè)秘密：trade secret泄露或不正當(dāng)使用商業(yè)秘密：disclose or improperly use trade secret在訂立合同的過(guò)程中獲悉：become aware of in the course of negotiating a contract生效條件：conditions precedent 解除條件：conditions subsequent阻止促成條件成立：impair/facility satisfaction

10、 of a condition對(duì)合同的效力約定附條件：prescribe that the effectiveness of a contract be subject to certain conditions附生效/解除條件的合同：a contract subject to condition precedent/subsequent 條件成立：condition is satisfied附期限的合同：contract term生效/失效期限：a time of commencement/expiration限制民事行為能力人：a person with limited capacity

11、for civil act法定代理人：legal agent追認(rèn)：ratify純獲利益的合同：a contract from which such person accrues benefits only與其年齡、智力、精神健康狀況相適應(yīng)：be appropriate for his age, intelligence, mental health催告法定代理人在一個(gè)月內(nèi)予以追認(rèn)：demand legal agent to ratify the contract within one month視為拒絕追認(rèn)：is deemed to decline ratify the contract撤銷(xiāo)的

12、權(quán)利：somebody is entitled to cancel. . .以通知的方式做出：be effected by notification以. . .的名義：on ones behalf沒(méi)有代理權(quán)：lack agency authority超越代理權(quán)：act beyond his agency authority代理權(quán)終止：agency authority is extinguished請(qǐng)求人民法院或仲裁機(jī)構(gòu)變更或撤銷(xiāo)：petition the Peoples court or an arbitration institution for amendment or cancellat

13、ion重大誤解：material mistake顯失公平：grossly unconscionable 欺詐：fraud脅迫：duress乘人之危：take advantage of the other partys hardship真實(shí)意思：true intention受損害方：aggrieved party合同無(wú)效、被撤銷(xiāo)或者終止：invalidity, cancellation or discharge of a contract不影響. . .條款的效力：not impair the validity of the contract provision concerning. . .爭(zhēng)

14、議解決方法：the method of dispute resolution返還財(cái)產(chǎn)：make restitution of property過(guò)錯(cuò)方：the party at fault折價(jià)補(bǔ)償：allowance be made in money based on the value of the property在合同約定的交付期間：during the prescribed period of delivery交付時(shí)的價(jià)格：price of delivery遲延交付標(biāo)的物/提取標(biāo)的物/付款：delay in delivering the subject matter; delay in

15、taking delivery; delay in making payment同時(shí)履行： simultaneous performance互負(fù)債務(wù)：owe performance toward each other沒(méi)有先后履行順序：there is no order of performance履行不符合約定：render non-conforming performance拒絕其相應(yīng)的履行要求： reject its corresponding requirement for performance部分履行：partial performance債務(wù)人部分履行給債權(quán)人增加的費(fèi)用：addit

16、ional expenses incurred by obligee due to obligors partial performance代位權(quán)：subrogation怠于行使到期債權(quán)：delay in exercising its creditors right that was due專屬于. . .人本身：exclusively personal to somebody轉(zhuǎn)讓債權(quán)：assign a right受讓人取得與債權(quán)有關(guān)的從權(quán)利：assignee assumes any incidental right associated with the obligees right讓與人與

17、受讓人：assignor, assignee接到. . . 通知：upon receipt of notice of assignment債務(wù)人可以向受讓人主張抵銷(xiāo)：the obligor may avail itself of any set-off against the assignee對(duì)某人享有債權(quán)： have right to performance by/against somebody合并/分立：a party has effected combination/division合并/分立后的法人：legal person resulting from combination/di

18、vision行使合同權(quán)利，履行合同義務(wù)：assume the rights and obligations享有連帶債權(quán)，承擔(dān)連帶債務(wù)：jointly and severally assume the rights and obligations合同解除：terminate合同終止：discharge債務(wù)互相抵銷(xiāo)：obligations were set off against each other將標(biāo)的物提存：place the subject matter in escrow免除債務(wù)：release the obligor from performance 毀損、滅失的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)：the risk

19、 of damage or loss孳息：fruits of subject matter違約責(zé)任：liabilities for breach of contract履行合同義務(wù)：perform obligations under a contract符合約定的履行合同義務(wù)：perform obligations in accordance with the contract; render conforming performance繼續(xù)履行：specific performance采取補(bǔ)救措施：cure of non-conforming performance賠償損失：payment

20、of damages預(yù)期違約：anticipatory breach明確表示：expressly state行為表明：indicate by conduct違約金：liquidated damage一定數(shù)額：a certain sum/amount of 根據(jù)違約情況：in the light of degree of breach因違約產(chǎn)生的損失賠償額的計(jì)算方法：a method for calculation of damages for the loss resulting from a partys breach.適當(dāng)減少：decrease the amount as appropri

21、ate公平原則：the principle of fairness誠(chéng)實(shí)信用原則：the principle of good faith三、“效力”的詞匯. . .的效力：effectiveness/validity of . . .e.g. effectiveness of contract/offer生效：become effective失效：extinguish有效：valid無(wú)效：invalid四、時(shí)間的詞匯到達(dá)時(shí)間：time of arrival承諾期限：the period for acceptance信件載明的日期或電報(bào)交發(fā)之日： date shown on the letter

22、or the date on which the telegram is handed in for dispatch郵戳日期：the posting date stamped on the envelop超過(guò)承諾期間：after expiration of the period for acceptance履行期限：time of performance. . .期間自開(kāi)始計(jì)算：the period for. . . commences on the date when. . ./once . . . 五、常用句型：l 符合情況的，視為：A is deemed as C, if B.l 表示

23、假設(shè)，用”where” or ”if”l 如果是個(gè)長(zhǎng)句子，內(nèi)容為：在一個(gè)大前提A下，又有幾個(gè)不同的條件(B、C)，每個(gè)條件下的結(jié)果（D是B的結(jié)果，E是C的結(jié)果）都不同?？梢杂茫篧here/When A, if B，D；if C, E. 例如：合同法第16條36條。l A時(shí)間被視為B時(shí)間：the time when. . .is deemed as time of. . .（the time when the electronic message enters into such specific system is deemed as time of arrival）l . . .時(shí)A成立：用

24、once/when/upon，e.g. A contract is formed once the acceptance becomes effective. A contract becomes effective upon its formation.An offer become effective when it reaches the offeree. l 在 之前，或同時(shí)到達(dá)：reach before or at the same time as . . . e.g. the notice of withdrawal shall reach offeror before or at the same time as the acceptance.l 具有本法. . .條規(guī)定的情形，則. . .：. . .is . . ., if it falls into any of the circumstances set forth in Article. . . hereof. E.g. A standard term is invalid, if it falls into any