高一英語語法定語從句的課件ppt講課講稿

1、高一英語語法定語從句的課件ppt3.先行詞先行詞：4.關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞：關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that, which, who, whom, whose, as關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞where, when, why等。等。關(guān)系詞常有關(guān)系詞常有3個作用：個作用：1，引導(dǎo)定語從句。，引導(dǎo)定語從句。2，代替先行詞。，代替先行詞。3，在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分。，在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞先行詞；引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。The boy who is reading needs t

2、he pen.先行詞先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞定語從句定語從句先行詞：被修飾限定的詞先行詞：被修飾限定的詞關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞定語從句：一個句子充當(dāng)定語定語從句：一個句子充當(dāng)定語lGod helps those who help themselves. lHe who laughs last laughs best.lNothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.自助者天助。自助者天助。誰笑到最后，誰笑得最好。誰笑到最后，誰笑得最好。世上無難事，只怕有心人。世上無難事，只怕有心人。Gues

3、s the meaning of the following proverbslAll that glitters(閃光閃光) is not gold.lHe who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.閃閃發(fā)光的不一定是金子閃閃發(fā)光的不一定是金子.不到長城非好漢不到長城非好漢 . David is a kind person. He always helps others. David is a kind person always helps others subject關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞who Join the following

4、 sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞a machine the machineJoin the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞a machine that /which關(guān)

5、系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe gi

6、rl關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yester

7、day. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following senten

8、ces:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.that/who/whomThe girl注意避免重復(fù)注意避免重復(fù) He is a great boy. His name will be remembered.He is a great boy name will be remembered.attribute關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 whoseAttributive clauses in ReadingoI sat next to a girl whose name was Diana.oI loved the

9、 lessons that she gave in English Literature.3) All my classmates were fond of the cake that I made.4) In the Art class that I took, I made a small sculpture.Correct the mistakes1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two.2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terr

10、ible.3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before.4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick. whomwhoseitwhoHe is a Chinese. He plays an important part in NBA.He is a Chinese who/ that plays an important part in NBA.變?yōu)槎ㄕZ從句變?yōu)槎ㄕZ從句 He was born in Shanghai. Shanghai is an international c

11、ity.He was born in Shanghai which / that is an international city.summary關(guān)系詞在從關(guān)系詞在從句中所作的句中所作的成分成分先行詞的類先行詞的類別別關(guān)系詞的選關(guān)系詞的選擇擇主語主語人人物物who/thatwhich/thatThose who are against the plan put up your hands.The man who is next to us sells vegetable.Tom is one of the students who praised by the teacher yesterda

12、y.Tom is the only one of the students who praised by the teacher yesterday.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞的人稱和關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)必須與先行詞保持一致。數(shù)必須與先行詞保持一致。werewasHe is a good He is a good manman. .People all like People all like himhim. .People are proud of People are proud of himhim. .He is a good man whom

13、/ that people are proud of.He is a good man whom / that people all like.He is a good man of whom people are proud.Or: He loves basketball. He plays basketball very well.He loves basketball which/that he plays very well.summary關(guān)系詞在從關(guān)系詞在從句中所作的句中所作的成分成分先行詞的類先行詞的類別別關(guān)系詞的選關(guān)系詞的選擇擇賓語賓語人人物物whom/that/who/省略省略

14、which/that/省略省略He is a famous basketball player.His wife is Ye Li.He is a famous basketball player whose wife is Ye Li.He has a wife.Her name is Ye Li.He has a wife whose name is Ye Li.The room is mine.The rooms window faces southThe room whose window faces south is mine.summary關(guān)系詞在從關(guān)系詞在從句中所作的句中所作的成

15、分成分先行詞的類先行詞的類別別關(guān)系詞的選關(guān)系詞的選擇擇 定語定語人人物物whosewhose關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：指人指人指物指物subject (主語主語)object (賓語賓語)attribute（定語）（定語）whomwhowhichthatwhose何時可以省略？何時可以省略？做賓語時可以省略做賓語時可以省略1. Is that the house _ you bought last year? A. where B. which2. Is that the picture _ you are laughing at? A. whic

16、h B.where3. It is the most interesting book _Ill ever read. A. which B. thatBBA4.The street _is to the park is very narrow. A. where B. which5.The person _finds my watch will get a reward. A. who B. when6.This is the room _ we listened to the lecture. A. which B. whereBAB1.The season _ follows sprin

17、g is summer. (that / who / 不填不填)2. This is the museum we visited last Saturday. (that / whom / 不填不填)3. The boy John is speaking with is my brother. (which / whom/ 不填不填)4. The building _ walls are white is my uncles house. (which / whose / 不填不填)thatthat / 不填不填whom/ 不填不填whose5. Will you please lend me

18、 the book _ you bought yesterday? (which / that / whose)7. The student _ the teacher praise at the class meeting is our monitor. (which / whom / whose)8. I found some photos of tourist sites _ were not far away from our city. (which / that /不填不填 )which / that whomwhich / that 關(guān)系代詞that和which在很多情況下可以互

19、換，但哪些情況只能用that?只用只用that，不用，不用which1.all, little, much, few, none, everything, nothing, something, anything 等等不定代詞不定代詞作作先行詞或者先行詞被其所先行詞或者先行詞被其所修飾時修飾時； All that can be done has been done.2. 序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞或形容詞或形容詞最高級最高級修飾先行詞時；修飾先行詞時； This is the best TV that is made in China.3. 先行詞前有先行詞前有the only, the very, the

20、 same, the right等修飾時；等修飾時；4.先行詞既有人也有物先行詞既有人也有物5.主句以主句以which, who, what開頭的疑問句開頭的疑問句.Who that you have ever seen can do it better ?有哪些情況關(guān)系代詞不用有哪些情況關(guān)系代詞不用thatthat，而用，而用whichwhich，whowho，whomwhom? ?只用只用which，不用，不用that有機(jī)器的房間是車間。有機(jī)器的房間是車間。The room _ there is a machine is a workshop.The room _ there is a m

21、achine in is a workshop.in which(which/ that)一、非限制性定語從句一、非限制性定語從句二、用在介詞后二、用在介詞后I have lost the pen, _ I like very much.which1、在非限制性定語從句中，指事物用、在非限制性定語從句中，指事物用which，指人用指人用who或或whom.He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yu

22、an .Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for a long time.whichwhichwhowhom1.Her bag ,in which she put all her money, has been stolen.2.This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.3.Xiao Wang ,with whom I went to the concert,

23、 enjoyed himself very much.2、在介詞后面，指事物用、在介詞后面，指事物用 which，指人用，指人用whom. whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，其后應(yīng)緊跟名詞，構(gòu)成名引導(dǎo)定語從句，其后應(yīng)緊跟名詞，構(gòu)成名詞短語。詞短語。 whose與它所修飾的名詞一起可以作介詞的賓語。與它所修飾的名詞一起可以作介詞的賓語。如：如：The boss in whose department he worked had heard the news.他工作所在部門的老板已經(jīng)聽說他工作所在部門的老板已經(jīng)聽說了這個消息。了這個消息。whose的先行詞指物時，可用的

24、先行詞指物時，可用of which代替，但語代替，但語序不同，即序不同，即whose+名詞名詞 = the+名詞名詞+of which，或，或= of which + the + 名詞。如：名詞。如：The novel whose title (= the title of which或或of which the title) is Red and Black is very interesting. whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句，其先行詞既可以指人引導(dǎo)的定語從句，其先行詞既可以指人也可以指物。也可以指物。whose的先行詞指人時，可用的先行詞指人時，可用of whom代替，代替，但語序不同，即但

25、語序不同，即whose+名詞名詞 = the+名詞名詞+of whom，或，或= of whom + the + 名詞。如：名詞。如：The boy whose mother (= the mother of whom或或of whom the mother) is a doctor is my friend. 介詞介詞+which/ whom引導(dǎo)的定語引導(dǎo)的定語從句從句1. 介詞的選用原則：介詞的選用原則：根據(jù)定語從句謂語動詞的習(xí)慣搭配來決定。根據(jù)定語從句謂語動詞的習(xí)慣搭配來決定。This is the book on which I spent 8 dollars.This is the book for which I paid 8 dollars.(2) 根據(jù)先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配來決定。根據(jù)先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配來決定。I remember the day on which I joined the Party.I remember the days during which I lived there.2. 當(dāng)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前面時，關(guān)系代詞只能用當(dāng)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前面時，關(guān)系代詞只能用whom(指人指人)或或