高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)的命題特點(diǎn)及解題技巧(共5頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)的命題特點(diǎn)及解題技巧曾放珍短文改錯(cuò)題是集各項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則和語(yǔ)言技能于一體的綜合性試題。主要考查學(xué)生在篇章結(jié)構(gòu)中綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的能力、理解的準(zhǔn)確度及掌握的熟練程度。盡管短文本身文字難度不大，卻是高考中得分較低的試題之一?？忌朐诟呖贾腥〉幂^高分，除了要有扎實(shí)的基本功，還應(yīng)了解改錯(cuò)題的命題特點(diǎn)及解題技巧。一、改錯(cuò)題的命題特點(diǎn)一）綜觀近幾年高考短文改錯(cuò)題，命題形式有： “缺詞”為12處； “多詞”，一般為12處； “錯(cuò)詞”為6處； “正確”為1處。二）近幾年高考短文改錯(cuò)的錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)型：1、詞法方面1）名詞的數(shù)：如Ill get good marks in all

2、 my subject.（NMET 2001） subjects2）人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞：如The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. (NMET 2000) their3）指示代詞：如Although this few words sound simple enough , (2004年廣東卷) these4）反身代詞：如 On Thursday I will have to decide what I want myself to do over (NMET 2004) myself5）不定代詞：如Now someone at home

3、reads instead. (NMET 1999)everyone/everybody2、動(dòng)詞：1）動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)：如At once I apologize and controlled me at my best till the dinner started.(2004年江蘇卷) apologized2）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：如I was often a little tired after a days work and watch TV demands very little effort. (NMET 1999) watching3）動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)：如Holiday and birthday p

4、ostcards from relatives and letters from friends can all provide you for stamps from all over the world.(2004浙江卷)with3、形容詞、副詞的詞性及比較等級(jí):如Yes, a concert can be very excited. (NMET 2004)exciting4、冠詞：如We may be one family and live under a same roof（NMET 2001）the5、介詞：如Can you tell me about what I should d

5、o? (NMET 2004)about6、句法方面：1）主謂一致：如Now the picture and prize is hanging in the library. (NMET 2000)are2）并列連詞：（and, but, or, so等）：如 She was smiling but nodding at me. (NMET 2000)and3）從屬連詞（引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句等）：如I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf. (NMET 2000)that4）關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞（引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句）：如I liv

6、e in Beijing, where is the capital. (NMET 1997)which5）感嘆句、疑問(wèn)句、祈使句的結(jié)構(gòu)：如Working hard, and youll succeed at last. Work7、詞義的重疊：如Whenever I see them, I will often think of my English teacher. (NMET 2000)often8、固定搭配：如In any other words, I am an only child. any二、改錯(cuò)題的答題技巧做短文改錯(cuò)可分三步走：第一步：瀏覽全文，理解大意。短文改錯(cuò)要以句子為單位

7、而不是以行為單位，讀到句號(hào)為止。要注意行首與行尾之間的關(guān)系，上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系。第二步：先易后難，各個(gè)擊破。在第一次閱讀時(shí)，找出明顯的錯(cuò)誤。一些邏輯錯(cuò)誤必須聯(lián)系上下文才能發(fā)現(xiàn)，待對(duì)全文有了更進(jìn)一步的了解之后，回頭再做一遍，就會(huì)迅速找到錯(cuò)誤所在。第三步：還原檢查，查漏補(bǔ)缺。把改過(guò)后的詞語(yǔ)放入短文中，再?gòu)念^到尾看一遍，從語(yǔ)法、語(yǔ)義和邏輯關(guān)系等方面檢查驗(yàn)證。掌握了這些解題技巧后，改錯(cuò)能力一定會(huì)明顯提高。此外，一定要特別注意符號(hào)的準(zhǔn)確性?？忌仨毟鶕?jù)試題的要求，使用規(guī)范的符號(hào)，在高考中不少考生因?yàn)槭褂梅?hào)不當(dāng)而導(dǎo)致扣分，那是很不應(yīng)該的，也是非常可惜的。今年6月份筆者參加了2005年福建省高考英語(yǔ)的評(píng)

8、卷工作，現(xiàn)對(duì)05年福建省高考短文改錯(cuò)題中考生因使用符號(hào)不當(dāng)而白白失分的各小題具體分析如下，提醒以后參加高考的考生應(yīng)多多注意這方面的問(wèn)題，以免犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。首先請(qǐng)看2005年短文改錯(cuò)試題：Dear friends, It is real a good chance to have met all of you here.76._We have spent several precious weekend in learning in the77 ._English Club. Although we have been members for a short78._period of time,

9、 we have made a great progress. That is79._because we are all very much active and the activities are not 80._only enjoyable and also helpful. Besides, the foreign teachers81._here work hard and try his best to make the activities82._lively and interested. I am very pleased to say that all of 83._us

10、 greatly improved our spoken English so far. I am84._looking forward to see all of you again in the near future!85._Thank you.從試題我們可以看出：1、第79和80小題為多詞題，正確答案應(yīng)為：把左邊原文中的“a”和“much”用斜線(xiàn)（ ）劃掉，在這兩行的右邊橫線(xiàn)上分別寫(xiě)出“a”和“much”，并也用斜線(xiàn)（ ）分別將這兩個(gè)詞劃掉。而有些考生卻在左邊原文“a”和“much”的下面劃一橫線(xiàn)，或既用斜線(xiàn)劃掉這兩個(gè)詞又在這兩個(gè)詞下邊劃線(xiàn)，雖然右邊橫線(xiàn)上的符號(hào)寫(xiě)對(duì)了，但也不能得分。2、第84小題為少詞題，應(yīng)在“greatly”之前加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（），并在該行右邊橫線(xiàn)上寫(xiě)出該加的詞“have”。而不少考生將漏字符號(hào)寫(xiě)成（），或在右邊橫線(xiàn)上所寫(xiě)的“have”之前加上不必加的漏字符號(hào)而被扣分。3、第76、77、81、82、83和85六個(gè)小題為錯(cuò)詞題，應(yīng)在左邊原文錯(cuò)