動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)詞不定式分詞作定語區(qū)別

1、學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載動(dòng)詞的不定式分詞 .動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別及其用法、搭配。答：非謂語動(dòng)詞包括動(dòng)詞不定式。動(dòng)名詞和分詞三種形式 , 分詞又包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。這三種形式都是由動(dòng)詞變來的 , 但在句子中都不能作謂語 , 故這三種形式被稱為非謂語動(dòng)詞。下面就這三種形式在用法上的區(qū)別淺析如下:一、動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞在句子中均可作主語和表語在表示一個(gè)具體的。個(gè)別的或?qū)淼膭?dòng)作時(shí), 要用動(dòng)詞不定式。如:My job is to teach the first-year students grammar.To study English well is very important.在表示比較抽象的一般的行為和

2、動(dòng)作時(shí), 二者可以互換。如:To climb mountains is a good form of exercise.Climbing mountains is a good form of exercise.二、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式都可以作定語1. 動(dòng)名詞作定語時(shí) , 和它所修飾的名詞之間沒有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系 , 只表示被修飾名詞的一般用途 , 必須位于名詞之前。如 :There is a swimming pool in our school.2. 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時(shí) , 和它所修飾的名詞之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系 , 表示所修飾名詞的特征。如 :Listen to the singi

3、ng bird.Who is the boy running towards us。3. 動(dòng)詞不定式作定語時(shí) , 當(dāng)所修飾的名詞指人時(shí) , 和它所修飾的名詞之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。如 :He is always the first to come to school.當(dāng)所修飾的名詞指物時(shí), 和它所修飾的名詞之間有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。如:I have a meeting to attend.如果作定語的動(dòng)詞不定式中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞, 需加上相應(yīng)的介詞。如:學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載I have no room to live in.There is nothing for me to worry abo

4、ut.三、動(dòng)詞不定式和分詞均可作賓語補(bǔ)足語動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí), 表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生, 動(dòng)作的全過程已經(jīng)結(jié)束。如:I heard him knock at the door three times.(=I heard he knocked at the door three times ( 動(dòng)作的全過程已經(jīng)結(jié)束 )現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí), 表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。如:I heard him knocking at the door.(= I heard he was knocking at the door.(動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行 )過去分詞也可以作賓語補(bǔ)足語。如:I found the glass br

5、oken.(= I found the glass was broken.)注意 : 動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí), 在動(dòng)詞 make,let,have,see,notice,hear,watch,observe,feel,listen to等后面要省略不定式符號(hào)to 。如 :I hear him play.The teacher made him do the exercises again.help 后的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí), 不定式符號(hào)to 可加可不加。如 :He often helps me to study English in his spare time.當(dāng)這些動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)

6、, 原不定式必須加上to 。如 :He was seen to repair the machine.四、動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞均可作賓語1. 下列動(dòng)詞后只能跟不定式作賓語 : hope, agree, decide, manage, wish, refuse, dare, promise 等。如 :He has promised to lend me the dictionary.2. 下列動(dòng)詞后只能跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語: enjoy, finish, avoid,practise,mind, escape,excuse, suggest, consider(考慮 ), give up, can

7、9;t help等。如 :He wants to give up smoking.學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載They practise speaking English every day.3. 在動(dòng)詞 remember,forget,regret,stop,try等后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞時(shí), 意義上有所差別。如 :He forgot telling me the news.他忘了曾經(jīng)告訴過我這個(gè)消息。He forgot to tell me the news.他忘了要把這個(gè)消息告訴我。五、動(dòng)詞不定式和分詞均可作狀語不定式作狀語通常表示或"原因" 等。如 :"目的 "或"程度 "分詞作狀語通常表示" 伴隨情況" 。"時(shí)間 "He went to the library to borrow a book (表目的)The boy sat at the desk reading a book.(表伴隨情況)六、動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞均有復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu):for sb.(not) to do