倒裝和強(qiáng)調(diào)句語法簡介與練習(xí)

1、倒 裝 句英語句型的基本語序是英語句型的基本語序是“主語主語+謂語謂語”如果將謂語全部或如果將謂語全部或一部分放在主語之前，這種語序稱為一部分放在主語之前，這種語序稱為“倒裝倒裝”倒裝句有：倒裝句有：完全倒裝和部分倒裝完全倒裝和部分倒裝一完全倒裝一完全倒裝. now, then, here, there. now, then, here, there等副詞置于句首，謂語動(dòng)詞等副詞置于句首，謂語動(dòng)詞常用常用be, come, go, lie, run, stand, appear, exist, be, come, go, lie, run, stand, appear, exist, rema

2、in remain 等，使用全部倒裝，但主語必須是名詞等，使用全部倒裝，但主語必須是名詞如果主語是代詞則不倒裝如果主語是代詞則不倒裝Now comes your turn.Now comes your turn. Here comes the bus. Here comes the bus. There lies the lazy fat cat. There lies the lazy fat cat. Then follows the police car. Then follows the police car. There goes the bell. There goes the b

3、ell.* * * Here he comes. Here he comes. .表示方位或位置轉(zhuǎn)移的詞，如：表示方位或位置轉(zhuǎn)移的詞，如：out, in, away, up, out, in, away, up, down, off, on, high, low down, off, on, high, low 等，主語是代詞不倒裝等，主語是代詞不倒裝Out came the representatives.Out came the representatives. Away runs the dog. Away runs the dog. High flies the bird. High

4、flies the bird. In came the teacher. In came the teacher. Off went the ship. Off went the ship.3.3.地點(diǎn)狀語放在句首時(shí)，用全部倒裝地點(diǎn)狀語放在句首時(shí)，用全部倒裝. . （主語為代詞不倒裝）（主語為代詞不倒裝）North of the city lies the school.North of the city lies the school. On the top of the hill stands a temple. On the top of the hill stands a temple

5、. In front of the house sat a small boy. In front of the house sat a small boy.4. 4. 有時(shí)候?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)表語，把表語置于句首，使用全部有時(shí)候?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)表語，把表語置于句首，使用全部倒裝，倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為：倒裝，倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為：“表語系動(dòng)詞主語表語系動(dòng)詞主語”a. a.形容詞系動(dòng)詞主語形容詞系動(dòng)詞主語Present at the meeting were Thomas Johnson, a Present at the meeting were Thomas Johnson, a lawyer and a stranger. l

6、awyer and a stranger.b. b. 過會(huì)分詞系動(dòng)詞主語過會(huì)分詞系動(dòng)詞主語Gone forever are the days when we had not Gone forever are the days when we had not enough food to eat. enough food to eat.c. c. 介詞短語系動(dòng)詞主語介詞短語系動(dòng)詞主語Around the garden are some small trees and a Around the garden are some small trees and a short fence. short

7、 fence.5. such 5. such 放在句首時(shí)，經(jīng)常用全部倒裝放在句首時(shí)，經(jīng)常用全部倒裝Such was Albert Einstein.Such was Albert Einstein. Such are his words. Such are his words.6. so 6. so 用在句首，表示一種肯定的事實(shí)也適合于另一個(gè)人，用在句首，表示一種肯定的事實(shí)也適合于另一個(gè)人，和和neither neither 或或nornor放在句首，表示一種否定的事實(shí)也適合放在句首，表示一種否定的事實(shí)也適合于另一個(gè)人時(shí)，用全部倒裝于另一個(gè)人時(shí)，用全部倒裝He likes swimming,

8、so do I He likes swimming, so do I We dont like the film, nor do they. We dont like the film, nor do they.注意：若主語指同一人同一事物時(shí)，即單純重復(fù)上文的注意：若主語指同一人同一事物時(shí)，即單純重復(fù)上文的意思或?qū)ι衔募右宰C實(shí)時(shí)，用正常語序意思或?qū)ι衔募右宰C實(shí)時(shí)，用正常語序He is honest. So he is.He is honest. So he is. 若表示按照某人所說的去做，常把若表示按照某人所說的去做，常把soso放在句末放在句末The doctor asked him to

9、 breathe deeply, The doctor asked him to breathe deeply, and he did so. and he did so.* * * 若主語帶有兩個(gè)不同的謂語，或既有肯定又有否定時(shí)，若主語帶有兩個(gè)不同的謂語，或既有肯定又有否定時(shí)，應(yīng)用應(yīng)用so it is with so it is with 或或 it is the same with.it is the same with. Tom is a student and studies hard. So it is with John. Tom is a student and studies

10、hard. So it is with John. (It is the same with John.) (It is the same with John.) I like playing volleyball, but I dont like watching I like playing volleyball, but I dont like watching volleyball matches. So it is with Mike. volleyball matches. So it is with Mike. ( It is the same with Mike.) ( It

11、is the same with Mike.)7. 7. 直接引語放在句首，這種情況可倒裝，也可不倒裝，直接引語放在句首，這種情況可倒裝，也可不倒裝，但主語若是代詞時(shí)，不倒裝但主語若是代詞時(shí)，不倒裝“Either you or I am mad” said Napoleon.Either you or I am mad” said Napoleon. (Napoleon said he said.) (Napoleon said he said.)二部分倒裝二部分倒裝部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如bebe動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞置于主語之前動(dòng)詞置于主語

12、之前在疑問句中，疑問詞不作主語時(shí)，必須倒裝在疑問句中，疑問詞不作主語時(shí)，必須倒裝How do you go to school every day?How do you go to school every day? When did you finish the work? When did you finish the work? Who will you take to Shanghai? Who will you take to Shanghai? 疑問詞作主語時(shí)，不倒裝疑問詞作主語時(shí)，不倒裝Who will go to Hangzhou with you?Who will go to

13、 Hangzhou with you?2. 2. 句首為否定，半否定詞或詞語時(shí)，如句首為否定，半否定詞或詞語時(shí)，如 no, not, never, no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, by no means, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, by no means, no sooner, not until no sooner, not until 等時(shí)，部分倒裝等時(shí)，部分倒裝By no means is smoking allowed in the classroom.By no me

14、ans is smoking allowed in the classroom. Never in my life have I seen such a terrible accident. Never in my life have I seen such a terrible accident.Hardly Scarcely Barely RarelyHardly Scarcely Barely Rarely hadhad she gone out she gone out whenwhen a student a student camecame to visit her. to vis

15、it her.No soonerNo sooner hadhad she gone out she gone out thanthan the telephone the telephone rangrang. .Little did she think of the so-called successful man.Little did she think of the so-called successful man.Not a single word did he say when he left.Not a single word did he say when he left.Not

16、 until 1949 Not until 1949 diddid the village have its own school. the village have its own school.Not until they came, Not until they came, diddid we leave our office. we leave our office.3. not only3. not only but also but also用來連接兩個(gè)并列的句子且用來連接兩個(gè)并列的句子且not onlynot only 放在句首時(shí)，放在句首時(shí)，not onlynot only引導(dǎo)

17、的句子要倒裝，引導(dǎo)的句子要倒裝，but alsobut also的句的句子不倒裝子不倒裝Not only can he speak English, but also he can speakNot only can he speak English, but also he can speak French. French.4. only4. only用來修飾狀語放在句首時(shí)，用倒裝（從句不倒裝，用來修飾狀語放在句首時(shí)，用倒裝（從句不倒裝，onlyonly不是修飾狀語也不倒裝）不是修飾狀語也不倒裝） Only when he told me about it did I know it.Onl

18、y when he told me about it did I know it. Only then did we realize that we were wrong. Only then did we realize that we were wrong. Only in this way can we finish it on time. Only in this way can we finish it on time.* * * Only he knows the truth Only he knows the truth. .5. 5. 作為狀語的頻度副詞放在句首時(shí)，使用倒裝作為

19、狀語的頻度副詞放在句首時(shí)，使用倒裝sometimessometimes放句首不倒裝放句首不倒裝Always does he ask questions like that.Always does he ask questions like that. Often does he make the same mistake. Often does he make the same mistake.6. 虛擬語氣中，把從句虛擬語氣中，把從句if 省略，將省略，將were, had 或或should 置于主語之前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝置于主語之前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝Had I not been for the t

20、raffic jam, I should have already been here. Were I ten years younger,I Were I ten years younger,I would learn would learn playing the piano. playing the piano. Should it rain, the journey would be Should it rain, the journey would be more unpleasant. more unpleasant.eg1. eg1. Old as my father isOld

21、 as my father is, he keeps up with his English study., he keeps up with his English study. 2. 2. Child as he isChild as he is, he knows something of electricity., he knows something of electricity. 3. Tired as he was, he continued to work. 3. Tired as he was, he continued to work. 4. 4. Young as she

22、 wasYoung as she was, she was already director of a factory., she was already director of a factory. 5. 5. Try hard as he willTry hard as he will, he never seems able to do the , he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.work satisfactorily.如果從句中的表語是名詞，其名詞前不加任何冠詞。如果從句中的表語是名詞，其名詞前不加任何冠詞。1.as

23、/ though1.as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須將表語或狀語提前，例如：引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須將表語或狀語提前，例如：2.動(dòng)詞是助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，也可以動(dòng)詞是助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，也可以將實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前置將實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前置 eg. 1.Believe the news as he may, we are not sure yet. 2.Try as he might, he still failed in the exam.8. 8. 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的“so that”so that”或或“suchsuchthat”that”置于句首置于句首時(shí)，主句部分倒裝

24、，時(shí)，主句部分倒裝，that that 從句不倒裝從句不倒裝So easy is the exercise that a child can work it out.So easy is the exercise that a child can work it out. Such a kind man does he look that we all like him. Such a kind man does he look that we all like him.9. 9. 某些表示祝愿的句子中，謂語動(dòng)詞或謂語的一部分放在某些表示祝愿的句子中，謂語動(dòng)詞或謂語的一部分放在主語的前面主語的

25、前面Long live the Peoples Republic of China!Long live the Peoples Republic of China! May you succeed! May you succeed!10. well, thus 10. well, thus 放在句首時(shí)，常用倒裝放在句首時(shí)，常用倒裝Well do I remember the days we lived together.lWell do I remember the days we lived together.l Thus ended the film. Thus ended the fil

26、m.倒裝句考點(diǎn)歸納：倒裝句考點(diǎn)歸納：1. 1. Seldom , hardly , never, little, nowhere, by no means,Seldom , hardly , never, little, nowhere, by no means, in no time, in no time, 等有否定意義的詞或短語位于句首，等有否定意義的詞或短語位于句首， 要用部分倒裝。要用部分倒裝。2.2. Not until Not until 位于句首，位于句首， 要用部分倒裝要用部分倒裝3.3. Not only + Not only + 部分倒裝句，部分倒裝句， but also

27、 ( but also ( 語序不變語序不變) )。4.4. Only + adv. (Only + adv. (介詞短語，狀語從句介詞短語，狀語從句)+ )+ 部分倒裝。部分倒裝。5.5. Hardly + had + Subject + done + when + subject+ didHardly + had + Subject + done + when + subject+ did= no sooner had = no sooner had thanthan. .6.6. So + adj.adv.So + adj.adv.位于句首位于句首+ + 部分倒裝部分倒裝+ that+

28、that 7.So neithernor + be have.7.So neithernor + be have.8. 8. 表語（由介詞短語充當(dāng)）表語（由介詞短語充當(dāng)）+ be + be 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 + +主語主語9. 9. 狀語（副詞不達(dá)意或介詞短語充當(dāng)）狀語（副詞不達(dá)意或介詞短語充當(dāng)）+vi + +vi + 主語主語1.Should I be late, you might as well begin the2. So loudly did he speak that even the people can hear the voice in the street.3. Present a

29、t the meeting are Mr. Wang4. Only in this way can the problem be solved.5. On the top of the hill lies a temple.9. Much as he likes to go to , he hasnt been.10. Peasant as he is, he knows11. At no time will China be the first to use 12. Not until 9 oclock did he come back.13. Never in my life have I

30、 seen such a 14. Hardly had I got home when the 15. No sooner had he met me than he told me16. Not only have I ever been to , but I spent17. Complicated as the problem is, it takes the computer only one second to work it out.18. Never will I forget the day when I joined .1.Only then _ 1.Only then _

31、（我才意識到自己錯(cuò)了）我才意識到自己錯(cuò)了）2.Only in this way_2.Only in this way_（我們才能提高（我們才能提高英語水平）英語水平）3.Only when _ 30 years old _ to learn English.3.Only when _ 30 years old _ to learn English.A.A. was he; did he began B. he was; he beganwas he; did he began B. he was; he beganC. was he; he began D. he was; did he be

32、ginC. was he; he began D. he was; did he begindid I realize that I was wrongdid I realize that I was wrongcan we improve our Englishcan we improve our EnglishD DNOTE:1)當(dāng)當(dāng)only和所修飾的狀語如果不在句首時(shí)，則不倒裝和所修飾的狀語如果不在句首時(shí)，則不倒裝 2)當(dāng)當(dāng)only用于強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時(shí)，則不倒裝用于強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時(shí)，則不倒裝He began to learn English only when he was 30 He began

33、to learn English only when he was 30 years old.years old.Only the grown-ups are allowed to see the film.Only the grown-ups are allowed to see the film.Only socialism can save China.Only socialism can save China.4.Not only _ repair bikes but he _ repair 4.Not only _ repair bikes but he _ repair telev

34、isions.televisions. A. he can; also can B. he can; can also A. he can; also can B. he can; can also C. can he; also can D. can he; can also C. can he; also can D. can he; can alsoD D當(dāng)當(dāng)not onlybut alsonot onlybut also位于句首連接兩個(gè)并列的主語時(shí)，位于句首連接兩個(gè)并列的主語時(shí)，主謂不倒裝主謂不倒裝Not only I but also she has made rapid progr

35、ess in Not only I but also she has made rapid progress in English.English.6. -David has made great progress recently.6. -David has made great progress recently. -_, and _. -_, and _. A. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have youA. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you C. So has he;

36、so have you D. So has he; so you have C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you haveB B7. I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot.7. I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot. - _. - _. A. So do I. B. Neither do I A. So do I. B. Neither do I C. Im the same. D. So it is with me.

37、C. Im the same. D. So it is with me.D D8. Not until I began to work _ how much time I had 8. Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted.wasted. A. didnt I realize B. did I realize A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realized C. I didnt realize D. I realizedB B9. N

38、o sooner had9. No sooner had he finished his talk _ he was he finished his talk _ he was surrounded by the workers.surrounded by the workers. A. as B. then C. than D. when A. as B. then C. than D. whenC C她剛要睡著，忽然有人敲門她剛要睡著，忽然有人敲門Hardly _ when someone Hardly _ when someone knocked at the door.knocked

39、at the door.had she fallen asleephad she fallen asleep10. So _ that no fish can live in it.10. So _ that no fish can live in it. A. the lake is shallow B. shallow the lake is A. the lake is shallow B. shallow the lake is C. shallow is the lake D. is the lake shallow C. shallow is the lake D. is the

40、lake shallow C C6.用用such指代后面的內(nèi)容指代后面的內(nèi)容Such Such werewere the facts. the facts.Such iSuch is s life.life.【高考鏈接】 1.(2010高考英語重慶卷,33)At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River_, one of the ten largest cities in China. A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does

41、 Chongqing lie 【答案】A 【解析】考查倒裝。表示方位的地點(diǎn)狀語提前，句子完全倒裝，所以選A項(xiàng)。 2.(2010高考英語四川卷,9)We laugh at jokes，but seldom _ about how they work Awe think Bthink we Cwe do think Ddo we think 【答案】D 【解析】考查倒裝。seldom為否定副詞放句首，用部分倒裝，故選D。句意為“我們因笑話而笑，但很少去思考笑話怎樣讓我們笑。” 3.(2010高考英語上海卷37)Never_ Lisa would arrive but she turned up a

42、t the last minute. Adid we think Bhave we thought Cwe thought Dwe have thought 答案A 解析：考查never 置于句首時(shí)的倒裝。根據(jù)but后面的時(shí)態(tài)判斷，應(yīng)該使用過去時(shí)態(tài)；never是否定詞，提前至句首時(shí)，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語序。 4.(2010高考英語陜西卷,17)John opened the door. There _ he had never seen before. A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl

43、 【答案】D 【解析】考查倒裝。表示存在關(guān)系的句子，將表地點(diǎn)的副詞或介詞短語提至句首時(shí)，若主語為名詞，應(yīng)采用完全倒裝語序。此題中將表地點(diǎn)的副詞there提到了句首，而且主語為名詞a girl，所以要采用完全倒裝語序，所以選D項(xiàng)。 5.(2010高考英語江西卷,33)Not until he left his home _ to know how important the family was for him. A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun 答案A 【解析】考查倒裝句。句意：直到離開家，他才開始意識到這個(gè)家對他來

44、說是何等的重要。：not until引導(dǎo)的從句置于句首時(shí)，主句需用部分倒裝。主從句的動(dòng)作基本同時(shí)發(fā)生，故用一般過去時(shí)。 6、【2009英語(瓊寧卷)】New technology was used in teaching.As a result，not only_，but students became more interested in the lessons. Asaved was teachers energy Bwas teachers energy saved Cteachers energy was saved Dwas saved teachers energy 【答案】B 【解析】考查倒裝語序。not only.but(also)是并