現(xiàn)在完成時課件(方案C)

1、現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時 The Present Perfect Tense一)構成:have/has+動詞動詞過去分詞過去分詞二) 含義:(一)表示過去發(fā)生的動作或事情對現(xiàn)在的影響和產(chǎn)生的結果.它強調(diào)的是過去的動作同現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系.常用的時間狀語有already, yet, ever, never, just, before等.1.already在現(xiàn)在完成時中的用法在現(xiàn)在完成時中的用法肯定句肯定句: 句中句中(助后實前助后實前)/句末句末 “己經(jīng)己經(jīng)”一般疑問句一般疑問句: 句末句末(表示驚訝的語氣表示驚訝的語氣) “難道難道” Eg. Ive already had breakfast. (更常見

2、) = Ive had breakfast already.(表示強調(diào)) Have you had breakfast already?注: 有already的句子在時態(tài)上并不都是現(xiàn)在完成時,判斷時要看該詞后是否有動詞的過去分詞.Eg. Shes already eighty years old. It was already very late.2. yet在現(xiàn)在完成時中的用法在現(xiàn)在完成時中的用法 否定句否定句:句末句末 “還還(沒沒)”疑問句疑問句: 句末句末 “己經(jīng)己經(jīng)” Eg. I havent had breakfast yet. Have you had breakfast yet

3、?注: 帶already的肯定句變成否定句或疑問句時,將already要變成yet放在句末. Eg. I have already done my homework.否定句否定句: :一般疑問句一般疑問句: :I havent done my homework yet.Have you done your homework yet? 3. ever在現(xiàn)在完成時中的用法在現(xiàn)在完成時中的用法 肯定句肯定句/疑問句疑問句 : 句中句中 “曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng)” Eg. Ive ever been to Beijing. Have you ever been to Beijing? 4. never在現(xiàn)在完成時中

4、的用法在現(xiàn)在完成時中的用法否定句否定句: 句中句中 “從來沒有從來沒有”Eg. Ive never been to Beijing.注: 帶ever的肯定句變否定句時, 要將ever變成never; 帶ever的一般疑問句作否定回答時可用“No, never.”Eg. He has ever made dumplings.否定句否定句:Have they ever travelled by train?No, never.He has never made dumplings.5. just在現(xiàn)在完成時中的用法在現(xiàn)在完成時中的用法用于用于句中句中, 表示表示“剛剛剛剛”Eg. Ive just

5、 had breakfast. What have they just done?6. before在現(xiàn)在完成時中的用法在現(xiàn)在完成時中的用法用于用于句末句末, 表示表示“以前以前” Eg. Ive seen it before. Has she ridden a bike before ? (二)表示一個從過去開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,有可能繼續(xù)下去的動作或狀態(tài).通常和for+段時間或since+過去時的短語/句子來引導的時間狀語連用.1.for +Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks. Hes studied English for 3 years.一段時間一段時間2

6、. since +從句(一般過去時) 單詞 詞組 (表示過去某一時間的)時間點時間點Eg. I have been here since 2000. I have been here since 5 years ago. I have been here since I graduated in 2000. 注1): since 也可單獨使用, 表示“自那時起”; 另外since前也可加上ever,以加強語氣.Eg. I have been here (ever) since. I have been here (ever) since I graduated in 2000.注2): 對fo

7、r或since引導的時間狀語提問 必須用how long, 決不能用when.Eg. I have lived here for 10 years.How long have you lived here?She has stood here since 2 hour ago.How long has she stood here?注3): 短暫性動詞不能和for或since引導的時間狀語連用, 當然也不能用于how long引導的問句中. Eg.(誤)I have left there for 5 years. (正)I have been away there for 5 years. 短

8、暫性動詞與延續(xù)動詞間的轉換5.短暫動詞和短暫動詞和延續(xù)動詞轉換延續(xù)動詞轉換瞬間性動詞瞬間性動詞延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞buyborrowcomego/leaveopen/closebegin/startend/finishdiecatch a coldbecome interested inget married瞬間動詞瞬間動詞 vs延續(xù)動詞延續(xù)動詞瞬間性動詞瞬間性動詞延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞put onget upwake upfall asleepjoinarrive/reach三)have/has gone to和have/has been to的區(qū)別 have/has gone to: 表示某

9、人已經(jīng)去了某地現(xiàn)在還沒回來, 可能現(xiàn)在正在某地或者正在去那里或回來的路上.have/has been to: 表示某人曾經(jīng)去過某地, 但現(xiàn)在己經(jīng)不在某地.四四)It is +一段時間一段時間 +since+句子句子(一般過去時一般過去時) =一段時間一段時間+has passed +since + 句子句子(一般過去時一般過去時) Eg. It is five years since I joined the army.=Five years has passed since I joined the army.用動詞的適當形式填空（注意時態(tài)）（注意時態(tài)） 1.-_ you _your pen

10、? (mend) -Yes, I _. -When_ you _ it? -I _ it yesterday. 2.-How do you like the film? -I _(not see) such a moving film before. 3.Millies sister _(join) the club last week. So she _(be) in the club for nearly one week. Have mended have did mend mended havent seen joined has been 4.My father_(give) up

11、_(smoke). He doesnt _(smoke) now. 5.The Green family_(not come) back yet from the cinema. They_(go) to see a film one hour ago. 6.You_(not visit) your son for a long time. has given smoking smoke havent come went havent visited 6.She has known Sam_ nine years. (for , never , since) 7.They have_arriv

12、ed. (ever , just , yet) 8.Have you_ ridden a horse? (ever , for , yet) 9.She has known Fred_ they were at primary school. (already , just , since) 10.We have not completed the project_. (already , for , yet) for just ever since yet1. 去年我去了蘇州。We went to Suzhou last year.2. 我每天早上7：00起床。I get up at 7:00 every day.3. 下個星期我要去看望我的老師。I