被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解練習(xí)及答案

1、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 考點(diǎn)、熱點(diǎn)回顧They詞匯辨析】 穿過(guò) across, through 1.eg: 動(dòng)作是在物體的表面進(jìn)行。常用于橫穿街道、河流， across 指從一定范圍的一邊到另一邊。 穿過(guò)橋梁等。walk across the bridge. 他們步行走過(guò)了這座橋。 through 側(cè)重從物體的內(nèi)部空間穿過(guò)，動(dòng)作是在物體內(nèi)部進(jìn)行。 常用于門、窗戶、森林等。 他步行穿過(guò)公園。 eg: He walks through the park.”。 sick“生病的， 2. illeg: Her mother was ill in bed.ill 只在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ) sick 既可作表語(yǔ) eg: He

2、r mother was sick in bed.也可作定語(yǔ) eg: Jane is taking care of her sick mother. 若 ill 作定語(yǔ)，譯為“壞的，惡劣的”eg: an ill person 一個(gè)壞人 sick 作表語(yǔ)時(shí)也常譯為“惡心的，想吐的“ eg: The boy always feels sick when he travels by car. 【固定搭配】 介詞+ 代詞 / 副詞 動(dòng)詞 + 名詞 / make room for 給騰出地方 eg: We can make room for her at this table.play a joke o

3、n 戲弄人；對(duì)人惡作劇 eg: We can't play a joke on law. speak highly of 稱贊 eg: The customs speak highly of their quality of service . say good bye to 告別；告辭eg: I don't want to say good bye to them.take an active part in 積極參加 eg: They take an active part in school activities. take care of 照顧；照料；注意eg: Cou

4、ld you take care of my plants while I'm on vacation?【被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)】（一）語(yǔ)態(tài)：英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)是通過(guò)動(dòng)詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。英語(yǔ)中有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。 例如： Many people speak Chinese.謂語(yǔ)： speak 的動(dòng)作是由主語(yǔ) many people 來(lái)執(zhí)行的。 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，即行為動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。例如： Chinese is spoken by many people. 主語(yǔ) English 是動(dòng)詞 speak 的承受者二）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞 b

5、e及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化是通過(guò)be 的變化表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。現(xiàn)以 speak 為例說(shuō)明被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在各種時(shí)態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： am is are spoken一般過(guò)去時(shí)： was were spoken 一般將來(lái)時(shí)： will shall be spoken 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： am is are being spoken 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)： was/were being spoken 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： have has beenspoken+ spoken had been 過(guò)去完成時(shí)：（三）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法（1）不知道或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。例如： Some new comput

6、ers were stolen last night. 一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。 （不知道是誰(shuí)偷的） This bridge was founded in 1981. 這座橋竣工于 1981 年。（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。例如： The glass was broken by Mike. 玻璃杯是邁克打破的。This book was written by him. 這本書是他寫的。Your homework must be finished on time. 你們的家庭作業(yè)必須及時(shí)完成。（四）主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法（1）把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。（ 2）把謂語(yǔ)

7、變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)（ be過(guò)去分詞） （根據(jù)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子里的主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)，以及 原來(lái)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子中動(dòng) 詞的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)決定 be 的 形式）。（ 3）把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)放在介詞by 之后作賓語(yǔ)，將主格改為賓格。例如：All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree. A tree was cut down by him.（五）含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

8、的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)句變成被動(dòng)句時(shí)，由“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞be過(guò)去分詞 ”構(gòu)成We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once. It should be done at once.（六）特殊情況1. He made the boy work for two hours yesterday. The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.2. Mother never lets

9、 me watch TV . I am never let to watch TV by mother.3. Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now.（ 1）A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now. （ 2） Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.常見(jiàn)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)：It is（ was） agreed（ believed/decided/hoped/thought ）that 大家同意（相信、決定、希望、認(rèn)為

10、） It is（ was） well known that 眾所周知It is（ was） taken for granted that 被視為當(dāng)然It must be remembered that 務(wù)必記住 It mustn't be forgotten that 千萬(wàn)別忘記 It is（ was） said（reported，heard，told，suggested） that 據(jù)說(shuō)（報(bào)道、聽(tīng)說(shuō)、告知、建議 ）二、典型例題The Olympic Games every four years. 1） （A are held B were held Care holdingD wil

11、l ho1d（ ）2. In the art show ， a lot of laughter _to foreign friends by the Chinesepaintings A is givingB was givenC will giveD has give（ ）3. Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. It in. many schools around theworld.A. teachesB. is teaching C. has taught D. is taught（ ） 4. Ba Jin, one of t

12、he greatest writers in China, as People's Writer.A. is regardedB. has regarded C. is regardingD. regards（ ） 5. Usually computers to search the Internet.A. useB. are usingC. are usedD. used（ ） 6. -Do you often clean your classroom?- Yes. Our classroom every day.A. it cleansB. we are cleansC. we c

13、lean（ ） 7.一 Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smells terrible?一 Yes In fact ， it .That's all because of the factories around A pollutedB was pollutedC has pollutedD was po11ute（ ） 8. -Our environment is getting worse than before.-You're right. But thanks to Earth Day, people have done more

14、 and more to protect（ 保護(hù) ）theearth.A. is startedB. was startedC. has started（ ） 9. -I feel very happy that I to be the host. - Congratulations!A. choose（ 選擇 ） B. am chosen C. was chosen D. haven chosen（ ） 10. Many trees and flowers in our school last year A plantB plantedC have plantedDwere planted（

15、 ） 11. Some famous paintings in the hall next week.A. will showB. were shownC. is shownD. will be shownin the school hall next week .） 12. A talk on developments in science and technologyA. givenB. will be givenC. has been givenD. gives（ ） 13.- Great changes have taken place in this city.- Right. Ma

16、ny modern tall buildings have been these days.A. buildB. buildingC. builtD. are built（ ）14.Twelve-year-olds should notto drive in China.A. allowB. be allow C. allowed D. be allowed三、課后練習(xí)（ ） 1 Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start. I'm sorry, but I when to meet.A. don't t

17、ellB. didn't tellC. haven't toldD. wasn't told（ ） 3 - My watch .- Don't worry. Let's go to the Lost & Found.D. has stoppedC. has found B. is brokenA. is lost（ ） 4 - Did you go to Sam's party?- No, I.A. am not invitedB. wasn't invited C. haven't invited D. didn'

18、;t invite（ ） 6 On May 30th, , one bowl in the Ming dynasty （ 明朝 ） at the price of 30.36 milliondollars.A. sellB. sold C. is sold D. was sold（ ） 8 Those colorful eggs are very beautiful. Yes, they in Hangzhou.A. paintedB. were paintingC. were paintedD. had painted（ ） 9 - Don't litter on the groun

19、d, boy ,Look at the sign: “ Rubbishinto the dustbin.- Sorry.A, has throwB, was throw C, must throw D , must be thrown（ ） 10 The 29th 0lympic Games _in Beijing in 2008 A will hold B will be heldC hold（ ） 11. We often hear the girlhappily in her room.B. to singA. singD. singsC. is singing（ ） 12. It is

20、 reported that more new buildings in our school next term.A. will be builtB. was builtC. has builtD. will build） 14. The boyto hospital by the police yesterday.A. is takenB. was takenC. takesD. took）16. - David, turn off the TVno one is watching it.-But itoff already! The music is from the radio.A.

21、so that, has been turnedB. when, has turnedC. if, has been turned （ ） 17. Usually JohnD. because, has turned to school by his father.B. is taking） 19.- Look, what an old palace! It looks so great!A. has takenC. is takenD. has been taken-Yeah, it nearly 800 years ago.A. was buildingB. was built C. ha

22、s builtD. is built（ ） 20. Don't discuss the problems with your partner unless（ 除非 ） you to do so.D. will be askedC. will askB. are askedA. ask典型例題一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) D。考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，根據(jù)句意，解析 “奧運(yùn)會(huì)每四年舉行一次”可見(jiàn)須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng) 語(yǔ)態(tài)，故排除了 B 、C、1A ?！霸谶@次藝術(shù)展中，一些有趣的東西通過(guò)中國(guó)國(guó)畫展a lot of enjoyment 是動(dòng)作的承受者。答案 B。解析 本題考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，句中 2 示給外國(guó)朋友?！?考查被動(dòng)

23、語(yǔ)態(tài)。物作主語(yǔ)，一 般要考慮被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。但如果動(dòng)詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。3答案 D 。解析 選用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示人們對(duì)這位偉大作家的愛(ài)戴。4答案A 。解析 C。C 。 解析從句子看，電腦作主語(yǔ)，是動(dòng)作的承受者，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選 5答案 考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)物作主語(yǔ)，一般要考慮被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。但如果 動(dòng)詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。6. 答案C。解析 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 。考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。物作主語(yǔ)，一般要考慮被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。但如果動(dòng)詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。1答案 B“地球日”的開始， “自從地球日 ' 開始以來(lái)，人們已做了一些越來(lái)越有用的事保護(hù)環(huán)境。 ”可知，。 解析 從句意：2

24、答案B 要 用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其構(gòu)成為 was started 故選 B。3. We into five groups to go to the old people's home. We did many things to cheer them up. 太原市 C.were dividedB. are dividedA. divided”We did many things 解析本題主要考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。根據(jù)句意及語(yǔ)境可推知空格處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形 式。由后一句 3答案C。 C 。可推斷，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。因此選5D4C一般將來(lái)過(guò)去 ，在此為動(dòng)作“展出”的承受者，故應(yīng)用被

25、動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為本題綜合考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。 主語(yǔ)為“一些名畫”解析答案 D。 1 項(xiàng)正確。，是表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，所以句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來(lái)時(shí)， 所以 Dnext week2BB 答案 過(guò)去分詞。 。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +be+答案： D 答案為 C。句中有 every day，主語(yǔ)為 our classroom，故要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。【參考答案】1答案 D 解析：依據(jù)句意：對(duì)不起，但我不知道什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去， I 和 tell 之間是被 動(dòng)關(guān)系。2答案 B 解析：由題干時(shí)間 next year 科知識(shí)將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，句子主語(yǔ)是 old houses , 應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

26、。故選 B。 3答案 A 解析：由 Let's go to the Lost & Found. 可知，說(shuō)明表丟失了。故選4答案 B 解析：由 Did you go to Sam's weekend party? 可知陳述過(guò)去的動(dòng)作的發(fā)生， I 和 invite 之間存在著 被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故選 B 。5答案 C 解析： How often+一般疑問(wèn)句？此句型用來(lái)提問(wèn)在某一特定時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行某個(gè)動(dòng)作的次數(shù)，表示 “多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間一次” 。往往針對(duì)頻度副詞如： always, seldom, usually, once a month, sometimes, every five minutes. 等提問(wèn)，常用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)。由題干 yourschool sports meeting 作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選 C。6答案 D 解析：由 On May 30th, ,可知?jiǎng)幼靼l(fā)生在過(guò)去；其主語(yǔ)是 one bowl 與 sell存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系。7答案 A 解析：依據(jù)題意： “千手觀音” 被許多人認(rèn)為是中央電視臺(tái)春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)最好的節(jié)目。表示 過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影