中考英語完形填空專題

1、 中考英語完形填空解題中考英語完形填空解題方法與技巧方法與技巧 Free talkFree talkWhat do you think of cloze(完形填空）完形填空） ?Is it easy or hard for you?K2 - the second highest mountain in the worldWhy climb? Because its there! I came, I saw, I conquered（征服）（征服）. (by Caesar)一、完形填空題型分析解讀一、完形填空題型分析解讀文化習俗文化習俗 科普知識科普知識 著名人物著名人物 幽默故事幽默故事日常生

2、活日常生活人生百味人生百味完形填空的題材、文體分類完形填空的題材、文體分類題材題材文體文體記敘記敘 議論議論 說明說明 四人一組討論四人一組討論20132013年河南省中考英年河南省中考英語完形填空的語完形填空的題材、題材、文體和文章大意文體和文章大意，并，并說出每小題的說出每小題的答案答案及及解題的解題的思路思路。Task 1Task 120132013年河南省中考英語完形填空年河南省中考英語完形填空 King Akbar was in the habit of putting riddles and puzzles to his people. He often asked 36 whic

3、h were strange. His people had to use words in a 37 way to answer these questions. Once he asked a very strange question. He looked at his people. 38 he looked, one by one the heads began to hang low in search of an answer. It was at this moment that Birbal entered the palace. Birbal 39 the habit of

4、 the king. He understood the 40 at once and asked, May I know the question so that I can 41 for an answer? Akbar said, How many crows (烏鴉)are there in this city? 42 even a moments thought, Birbal replied There are fifty thousand five hundred and eighty nine crows, my lord. How can you be so 43 ?” as

5、ked Akbar. Birbal said, Make you men 44 , My lord. If you find more crows it means some have come to visit their relatives(親戚) here. If you find 45 crows it means some have gone to visit their relatives elsewhere. Akbar was pleased very much by Birbals wise answer.( ) 36. A. questions B. help C. pro

6、mise D. advice ( ) 37. A. common B. friendly C. clever D. silent( ) 38. A. Though B. Because C. If D. As( ) 39. A. knew B. developed C. hated D. doubted( ) 40. A. order B. information C. danger D. situation( ) 41. A. ask B. wait C. try D. reach( ) 42. A. Before B. Without C. Through D. In( ) 43. A.

7、smart B. brave C. fanny D. sure( ) 44. A. catch B. discuss C. count D. visit( ) 45. A. fewer B. larger C. faster D. older 2013 2013河南省中考完形填空考點解析河南省中考完形填空考點解析 本題材為一篇幽默故事。題目設置上較注重對語篇整體理解能力和詞義辨析的本題材為一篇幽默故事。題目設置上較注重對語篇整體理解能力和詞義辨析的考查。根據(jù)語篇上下文的語意、邏輯和句法尋找線索，進行合理的推理和猜測，就考查。根據(jù)語篇上下文的語意、邏輯和句法尋找線索，進行合理的推理和猜測，就能做

8、出正確的選擇。能做出正確的選擇。3636A A【解析解析】考查考查名詞意義辨析名詞意義辨析。賓語賓語questionsquestions提示和動詞提示和動詞askask構成動賓關系構成動賓關系，表示，表示“問問題問問題”，由，由下下一段一段第一句可知第一句可知AkbarAkbar經(jīng)常會問奇怪的問題。經(jīng)常會問奇怪的問題。37. C37. C【解析解析】考查考查形容詞意義辨析形容詞意義辨析。前文前文had to had to “不得不不得不”，提示下文提示下文用形容詞用形容詞cleverclever表示表示“明智的；明智的；聰明的聰明的”。38.D38.D【解析解析】考查考查連詞意義辨析連詞意義辨

9、析。下文下文“他的臣民們低下頭尋找答案他的臣民們低下頭尋找答案”可知前文是時間狀語從句，用可知前文是時間狀語從句，用asas引導時間狀語從句表示引導時間狀語從句表示“當當時候時候”。39.A39.A【解析解析】考查考查動詞意義辨析動詞意義辨析。根據(jù)下句根據(jù)下句“他立刻明白了當前的形勢他立刻明白了當前的形勢”可知上文是伯巴勒可知上文是伯巴勒“知道知道”國國王猜謎的習慣。用動詞王猜謎的習慣。用動詞knewknew表示表示“知道；了解知道；了解”。40.D40.D【解析解析】考查考查名詞意義辨析名詞意義辨析。承接上文承接上文“他了解國王的習慣他了解國王的習慣”，說明他明白當時的，說明他明白當時的“形

10、勢形勢”，用，用situationsituation表示表示“情況；形勢情況；形勢”。41.C41.C【解析解析】考查考查動詞意義辨析動詞意義辨析。動詞動詞trytry 和和forfor連用連用，try fortry for 表示表示“謀求；嘗試謀求；嘗試”，和，和answeranswer構成動構成動賓關系，表示賓關系，表示“尋找一個答案尋找一個答案”。42.B42.B【解析解析】考查考查介詞意義辨析介詞意義辨析。下文下文他立刻說出了一個具體數(shù)字，和他立刻說出了一個具體數(shù)字，和eveneven“甚至甚至”的的提示提示意義說明上文意義說明上文是是“甚至沒有經(jīng)過片刻的思索甚至沒有經(jīng)過片刻的思索”，

11、用介詞，用介詞withoutwithout表示表示“無；沒有無；沒有”，表示否定意義。，表示否定意義。43.D43.D【解析解析】考查考查形容詞意義辨析形容詞意義辨析。對于他說出的具體數(shù)字，。對于他說出的具體數(shù)字，根據(jù)常理推測根據(jù)常理推測，國王是詢問，國王是詢問“你如何能這你如何能這么確信？么確信？”be surebe sure表示表示“確信的；有把握的確信的；有把握的”。44.C44.C【解析解析】考查考查動詞意義辨析動詞意義辨析。承接上文承接上文，伯巴勒回答國王的問題是，伯巴勒回答國王的問題是“讓你的臣民們數(shù)一下讓你的臣民們數(shù)一下”，用動，用動詞詞countcount表示表示“數(shù)數(shù)”，和上

12、面的數(shù)字對應。，和上面的數(shù)字對應。45.A45.A【解析解析】考查考查形容詞比較級意義辨析形容詞比較級意義辨析。綜合這兩句話的意義。綜合這兩句話的意義“如果多了就是有來走親戚的；如果少如果多了就是有來走親戚的；如果少了，是去走親戚了了，是去走親戚了”可以可以推斷推斷空格處用空格處用fewerfewer，表示，表示“少少”這一意義，和上句的這一意義，和上句的moremore對應。對應。二、完形填空的解題方法和技巧二、完形填空的解題方法和技巧 盡管看起來形式上有殘缺（若干個空），但它的盡管看起來形式上有殘缺（若干個空），但它的內(nèi)內(nèi)容容和語言習慣、和語言習慣、句與句之間的銜接點、句子與段落之句與句之

13、間的銜接點、句子與段落之間的聯(lián)系、段落與段落之間的邏輯順序仍或隱或現(xiàn)地間的聯(lián)系、段落與段落之間的邏輯順序仍或隱或現(xiàn)地存在于篇章之中存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空題時，因此，在做完形填空題時，通讀全通讀全文、明了大意、理清觀點、分清層次文、明了大意、理清觀點、分清層次是十分重要的一是十分重要的一步。我們必須自始至終步。我們必須自始至終依托語境依托語境，注意上下文之間、注意上下文之間、詞與詞之間、從語法到意義的合理搭配詞與詞之間、從語法到意義的合理搭配。 原則上講完形填空的每一道題都原則上講完形填空的每一道題都有暗示即有暗示即clues, clues, 有的在有的在本句中本句中，有的在前，稱為

14、，有的在前，稱為前提示，前提示，有的在后，有的在后，稱為稱為后暗示后暗示, ,有的暗含于有的暗含于語篇中。語篇中。 要充分利用首句的標示作用要充分利用首句的標示作用 第一句往往是全篇的關鍵句，首句一般不設空，它有概括和第一句往往是全篇的關鍵句，首句一般不設空，它有概括和預示全文大意的作用，是判斷文章體裁并預測全文主旨、大意預示全文大意的作用，是判斷文章體裁并預測全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解題和理解文章的有用信息。的突破口，常含有解題和理解文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,howwhen,where,who,what,how) ) 要注意尾句的提示和總結作用要注意尾句

15、的提示和總結作用故事的結局故事的結局問題的結論問題的結論幽默或富有哲理的結尾幽默或富有哲理的結尾 留意文章中有中文注釋的詞留意文章中有中文注釋的詞有注釋的詞往往對理解短文和解題有幫助。有注釋的詞往往對理解短文和解題有幫助。Step 1 抓住首尾，了解短文抓住首尾，了解短文完形填空。完形填空。 共共205詞詞 推薦做題時間推薦做題時間 10分鐘分鐘 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and dri

16、ves him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家專家)of child development

17、“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7

18、 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.可以推測：可以推測：

19、這篇文章是介紹青少年日常生活中過重課程安排，占用了孩子們大量的這篇文章是介紹青少年日常生活中過重課程安排，占用了孩子們大量的課余時間，成了影響他們健康成長的社會問題，課余時間，成了影響他們健康成長的社會問題，首句：首句： Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities第三段首句第三段首句：“Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.”中文注釋：中文注釋： an expert (專家專家)尾句：尾句： Kids n

20、eed time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.撇開選項不談，單從這些句子中，我們可以捕捉到如下信息：撇開選項不談，單從這些句子中，我們可以捕捉到如下信息： （1 1）XiaoQiang XiaoQiang 是個是個1212歲中國男孩。歲中國男孩。 （2 2）他有許多活動。）他有許多活動。 （3 3）專家認為過量的）專家認為過量的課程安排是個問題課程安排是個問題 。（4 4）孩子們需要時間休息。）孩子們需要時間休息。 Step 2 通讀全文通讀全文, 把握脈絡把握脈絡 Xiao Qiang， 通過跳過空格，通覽

21、全文，我們通過跳過空格，通覽全文，我們明白了大意、明白了大意、理清了觀點、分清了層次。理清了觀點、分清了層次。 本文講述了許多青少年學生在課余時間奔走本文講述了許多青少年學生在課余時間奔走于各種各樣的于各種各樣的after school activities after school activities 的問題，的問題，專家呼吁專家呼吁Kids need time to relax.Kids need time to relax. Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too manyactivitiesHis father 1 him away

22、 from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do therest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” Hesaid. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have toomany activities to do.” said Mr.

23、Wang，an expert(專家專家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that theywished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排過量的課程安排) is a growing problem forChinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kidsand thei

24、r parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fastfood 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We allknow it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about

25、what is right for kids.跳過空格通讀短文：跳過空格通讀短文：Step 3 瞻前顧后，上下求索瞻前顧后，上下求索 本著先易后難的原則，先根據(jù)上下文和自己的語感，推測部分空格的可能答案，并劃出語篇標志和答題暗示。然后，再結合選項逐一敲定。完形填空。完形填空。 （共共205詞詞 推薦做題時間推薦做題時間 10分鐘）分鐘） Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives h

26、im across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家專家)of child development“4lof

27、 the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or o

28、ften eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.平行結構平行結構1. A. ta

29、ke B. takes C. took D. has taken2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving完形填空。完形填空。 共共205詞詞 推薦做題時間推薦做題時間 10分鐘分鐘 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him acr

30、oss town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家專家)of child development“4lof the c

31、hildren aged 9-13 said they felt 46 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often

32、eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.前前提提示示后暗示后暗示1. A. tak

33、e B. takes C. took D. has taken2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving相同或相似結構相同或相似結構完形填空。完形填空。 共共205詞詞 推薦做題時間推薦做題時間 10分鐘分鐘 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and d

34、rives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when weare 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried,I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities todo.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家專家)of child development“

35、4lof thechildren aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 o

36、r often eat fast food 8 their way tofootball practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learnhow to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learnwhen they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what isright for kids.因果關系因果關系表達心情的形容詞表

37、達心情的形容詞應與表達心情的形容詞匹配應與表達心情的形容詞匹配后暗示后暗示4. A. but B. or C. because D. so5. A. excited B. interested C. worried D. dangerous6. A. great timeB. full time C. right time D. free time完形填空。完形填空。 共共205詞詞 推薦做題時間推薦做題時間 10分鐘分鐘 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away fro

38、m school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. W

39、ang，an expert(專家專家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and th

40、eir parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 a

41、bout what is right for kids.后暗示后暗示平行結構平行結構 7. A. slowly B. quickly C. quietly D. happily 8. A. on B. by C. in D. across 9. A. taller B. stronger C. older D. better10. A. hear B. think C. look D. tell固固定定搭搭配配結合句義推測結合句義推測固定搭配、語境固定搭配、語境Step 4Step 4 再讀文章，核查答案再讀文章，核查答案 將所有答案代入空格后，重新將短文復讀一遍，爭取做到：爭取做到：結構正確

42、結構正確+ +語義通順語義通順+ +邏輯合理邏輯合理。 保留解題痕跡的卷面：保留解題痕跡的卷面： Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get ho

43、meI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家專家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 t

44、o play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how t

45、o relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.后暗示后暗示平行結構平行結構固固定定搭搭配配結合句義推測結合句義推測固定搭配、語境固定搭配、語境前提示前提示后暗示后暗示平平行行結結構構編輯課件24Step 4Step 4 再讀文章，核查答案再讀文章，核查答案 將所有答案代入空格后，重新將短文復讀一遍，爭取做到：爭取做到：

46、結構正確結構正確+ +語義通順語義通順+ +邏輯合理邏輯合理。 Now we have conquered K2.具體解題步驟具體解題步驟1 1、抓住首尾，了解短文、抓住首尾，了解短文2 2、通讀全文，把握脈絡、通讀全文，把握脈絡3 3、瞻前顧后，上下求索、瞻前顧后，上下求索4 4、再讀文章，核查答案、再讀文章，核查答案勾劃、研讀勾劃、研讀首句尾句首句尾句以及有以及有中文注釋中文注釋的單詞的單詞, ,打開答題窗口打開答題窗口, ,了解全文。了解全文。跳過空格，跳過空格，速讀全文速讀全文，把握大意。注，把握大意。注意文中的語篇標志，和句中的連詞意文中的語篇標志，和句中的連詞, ,捕捉關鍵詞匯。捕

47、捉關鍵詞匯。前后聯(lián)系，先易后難。運用解題策略前后聯(lián)系，先易后難。運用解題策略從句子、段落、語篇層面解題，劃出從句子、段落、語篇層面解題，劃出語篇標志，找準關鍵詞、定位詞語篇標志，找準關鍵詞、定位詞。代入答案，再讀全文，反復檢查代入答案，再讀全文，反復檢查 爭爭取做到：取做到：結構正確結構正確+ +語義通順語義通順+ +邏輯合邏輯合理理。少于少于1分鐘分鐘約約5分鐘分鐘約約2分鐘分鐘約約2分鐘分鐘 完形填空解題技巧口訣完形填空解題技巧口訣要想完形做得好，語篇理解最重要。要想完形做得好，語篇理解最重要。語義語用是考點，邏輯關系要判斷。語義語用是考點，邏輯關系要判斷。重首尾，看提示，平行結構要注意。

48、重首尾，看提示，平行結構要注意。依語法，找搭配，根據(jù)常識來選擇。依語法，找搭配，根據(jù)常識來選擇。做標志，找關鍵，先易后難看時間。做標志，找關鍵，先易后難看時間。按照步驟來做題，利用技巧闖難關。按照步驟來做題，利用技巧闖難關。特別提示：特別提示：三、解題誤區(qū)1、單純求快單純求快忽略語篇理解忽略語篇理解，只看局部的詞義，只看局部的詞義辨析、搭配和語法結構，試圖用語言知識解決辨析、搭配和語法結構，試圖用語言知識解決所有問題。所有問題。 正確的做法是正確的做法是在整體理解語篇的基礎上結在整體理解語篇的基礎上結合語境選擇合語境選擇。2 2、時間安排不當時間安排不當，在幾個選項上過分糾纏，在幾個選項上過分

49、糾纏，追求完美，導致許多本可以做出的題來不及做。追求完美，導致許多本可以做出的題來不及做。 正確的做法是正確的做法是由易到難，合理分配時間由易到難，合理分配時間。 Task 2Task 2 按照解題步驟，利用解題技巧兩人小按照解題步驟，利用解題技巧兩人小組完成組完成20142014年河南省中考模擬題，保留解年河南省中考模擬題，保留解題的痕跡。題的痕跡。 首、尾句及文章中心句：首、尾句及文章中心句： 關鍵詞，提示詞：關鍵詞，提示詞： 完形填空推薦圈點勾畫符號：完形填空推薦圈點勾畫符號： One day the bathroom door had slammed on Timmys finger.

50、 The doctor asked if we had found the tip of Timmys finger. He said there was a small chance of 36 it if we could get it to him quickly. Pulling myself out of a daze, I ran back to the bathroom. 37 , it had already turned blue. I knew from the look on the doctors face that it was too late. I felt helpless, unable to take the pain away from my little boy. Then a(n) 38 came to me. I whispered in his ear, “Timmy, did you know that lizards（蜥蜴） grow their tails bac