人教版八年級上冊-Unit2知識點講解與練習(共9頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上Unit2 How often do you exercise?Section A知識講解一. help with housework 幫助做家務 1. help with sth. 意為“幫助做某事” 2. help sb. with sth. = help sb. _ sth. 幫助某人做某事 Eg: I often help him _ his English. = I often help him _ English. 我經(jīng)常幫他學習英語。 【拓展】1. help oneself to 請隨便吃/喝···Please help y

2、ourself to some cakes. 2. cant help doing sth 情不自禁做某事I cant help falling in love with that girl. 我情不自禁愛上那個女孩。二housework 意為“家務勞動”。不可數(shù)名詞。 1. They have housework to do. A. many B. much 三. sometimes 有時辨析：sometimes ，some times ，sometime ， some timesometimes 有時候。=at times= from time to time也是“有時”的意思。some

3、times 幾次。time作可數(shù)名詞時可作“次數(shù)”解；表示“時間”時是不可數(shù)名詞。sometime 某個時候?？芍高^去或?qū)淼哪硞€時候。some time 一段時間。常與for連用。對它提問用how long 。 口訣記憶：分開“一段時間” ；相聚“某個時候”。 練習： We plan to stay in Hainan for . 我們打算在海南呆一段時間。 I am sure that we have met before. 我肯定我們之前見過幾次了。 I have letters from him. 有時我會收到他的來信。四. hardly ever 幾乎不 比較： hard、hardl

4、y和hardly everhard作形容詞時，意為“困難的；硬的；勤奮的；嚴厲的；苛刻的”。hard作副詞時常用來表示程度，意為“努力地；猛烈地；劇烈地”， 位于動詞之后。This ground is too hard to dig. 這塊地太硬，挖不動。They tried hard to succeed. 他們努力工作，以求得成功。Hardly 副詞，意為“幾乎不”，表示否定意義，位于實義動詞之前，系動詞、助動詞、或情態(tài)動詞之后，不表示頻率。常用來修飾表示能力的詞，如can, could等。He can hardly play football. 他幾乎不會打籃球。There is har

5、dly any coffee left. 幾乎沒有剩余的咖啡了hardly ever是表頻率的副詞，意為“幾乎不；幾乎沒有”，相當于almost not, seldom。 練習： There is _ _food left. 幾乎沒有食物剩下。 He _ _ . 他幾乎不工作。 He _ _. 他工作努力。五Whats your favorite.? =What. do you like best？你最喜歡的.是什么？ 1.Whats your favorite animal？你最喜歡的動物是什么？ = _ 六. free 意為“空閑的，有空的”反義詞busy。 be free 意為“閑著，有

6、空” eg:：He is free now.他現(xiàn)在有空。 拓展：free還可譯為“免費的” Eg：The tickets are free. 票是免費的。七 quite full 很忙，相當忙.1. adj. full 還可譯為“滿的，充滿的”。 反義詞是empty，意為“空的”。 Eg：The bus was full when they got there. 翻譯_. 拓展：A be full of B. = A be fill with B; A中充滿了B。 The room is full of students. The bus is full of people.The hall

7、is _ people. A. fill with B. full with C. filled of D. filled with 2.full adj. “飽的”。 其反義詞是hungry，意為“饑餓的”。Are you hungry or full？你餓了還是飽了？ Eg：I cant eat any more，I am quite full. 我不能再吃了，我相當飽了。八 maybe “也許，大概，可能”，常位于句首。 Eg：Maybe he knows Tom. 也許他認識Tom。辨析：maybe 和may be maybe “也許，大概，可能”。（一般放句首）Maybe you a

8、re right. 也許你是對的。may be “可能是，也許是”。 為“情態(tài)動詞+be動詞”結(jié)構。（位于句中）You may be right. 你也許是對的。 Lily an English teacher. Lily可能是一名英語老師。 =_ 九.at least 意為“至少”。其反義詞為at most “最多”。 Eg：There are at least 1,500 students in our school. _。十. how often意為“多久一次”，常用于對時間頻率的提問?；卮鹂捎胦nce/twice/three times a day(一天一/兩/三次)，sometime

9、s(有時)，never(從不)，very often(經(jīng)常)等。How often do you watch TV? 你多久看一次電視？【拓展】詞語詞義用法答語特征how long多久詢問時間多久for/about+一段時間how often多久一次詢問動作的頻率often, twice a week等how soon多快，過多久詢問時間多快in+一段時間how far多遠詢問距離多遠ten minutes walkhow many多少詢問可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量數(shù)詞+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)how much多少詢問不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量數(shù)詞+表示量的詞+不可數(shù)名詞多少錢詢問價格數(shù)詞+錢十一. look、see、watch和

10、read辨析：look為不及物動詞，后接賓語時須用介詞at，指看的動作。see著重于看的后果，即“看到，看見”。read多指“看書、報”，這里的“看”實為“讀”。watch表示“注視，觀看，監(jiān)視”之意。也常用于“看電視，看比賽”等短語中。一 want sb. to do sth. 的否定形式為want sb. _to do sth. Eg：She wants me to bring him some pens. 否定：She wants me_ him some pens. 拓展：1.want sth. 想要某物 2.want to do sth. 想要做某事3. want (sb.)to d

11、o sth.=would like/love (sb.)to do sth.二 be good for 意為“對有益”。反義詞為be bad for “對有害”。 Eg: Vegetables are good for you. 蔬菜對你有好處?！就卣埂?.be good to“對好”，其反義短語為be bad to“對不好”。 2. be good at“在方面擅長”， at后面常接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式，同義短語為do well in。 She is good at English and Chinese. = She does well in English and Chinese

12、. 她擅長英語和漢語。I am good at _（play）basketball.3. be good with “和相處得好；擅于和相處”。 Are you good with children? 你和孩子們相處得好嗎？ Eg:I asked my teacher about todays homework. 三. Here are the results. 這是（調(diào)查）結(jié)果。 here 位于句首，句子要倒裝。Here is + 單數(shù)名詞。 Here are + 復數(shù)名詞. Eg：Here is your jacket. 這是你的夾克。四. 1. 百分數(shù)由percent來表示，構成：基數(shù)詞

13、+percent ，常用“數(shù)詞percent of名詞” 這一結(jié)構作主語時，謂語的單復數(shù)要看percent of 后跟的名詞，如果是可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，謂語應該用復數(shù)，如果是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語應該用單數(shù)Thirty percent of the students _ ( like) watching game shows.70 percent of water _ ( be ) salty water(鹽水)。五surprised 驚奇的，感到意外的1. be surprised at sb. / sth. / doing sth. 對感到驚奇， We are surprised at the new

14、s. 2. be surprised to do sth. 對做某事感到驚訝。 Im very surprised to meet you here.3. be surprised that + 從句. 因而感到驚訝。Im surprised that he came here on time.【拓展】 surprising 令人驚訝的 to ones surprise 令某人驚訝的是 in surprise 驚訝地 ； 吃驚地六the answers to questions 問題的答案the way to sp 去某地的路七 . most students = most of the st

15、udents 大多數(shù)學生1. most +復數(shù)名詞. Most birds can fly.大多數(shù)鳥兒會飛. _ 大部分時間2. most of + 限定詞+復數(shù)名詞 most of the girls , most of my friends3. most of + 人稱代詞賓格 most of them / us _ the students like reading the story. A. Most B. Most of4. the +most +多音節(jié)形容詞，表示最高級，意為“最”。 This is the most beautiful flower. 這是最漂亮的花。如果most

16、前有不定冠詞a，則表示“非常；很”，相當于very。 She is a most beautiful girl. 她是個非常漂亮的姑娘。八. although “雖然，盡管”。but 意為“但是”。英語中，although與but不能同時 使用。 1. _it rained，the boys still played outside. = It rained，_ the boys still played outside. 2. Although I get up early, I cant catch the early bus. = I get up early, but I cant c

17、atch the early bus. My cousin knows a lot about geography， he is only four years old. A. because B. so C. although 九. Its+adj+（for sb.）+to do sth. 意為 “（對某人來說）做某事是的”。 Eg：Its very important to listen carefully in class. 上課認真聽講很重要。 Its easy for us to swim. 對我們來說游泳很容易。 Its very hard for him to study Eng

18、lish. _ 練習 1.It is very important for us _ English well.2.its very nice _ you _my parents your best wishes.3.I often have hamburgers for lunch. Youd better not. Its bad for you _ too much junk food.十. by+交通工具 乘. by+時間 到.時（為止） by+地點 在.旁邊【拓展】through和by的區(qū)別、through 后常加名詞表示手段媒介，through exercise 通過鍛煉by 后常

19、加工具或v-ing, by working hard (by doing sth. 通過做某事)十一. such as 例如；像這樣。后面跟名稱、代詞、動詞的ing形式 Eg: I have a lot of hobbies, such as _and _. 我有許多愛好，比如讀書和唱歌。 拓展：such adj.& pron.這樣的；那樣的；類似的 ； 作形容詞時，其后修飾名詞。Tom lives in such a large house. 湯姆住在一所這么大的房子里。such和so二者都有“如此；這樣”的意思，但具體用法相異。such用來修飾名詞，so用來修飾形容詞或副詞。suc

20、ha/anadj.n.(單數(shù)) suchadj.n.(復數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞)soadj./adv. soadj.a/ann.(單數(shù))sucha/anadj.n.(單數(shù))somany/few/much/littlen.(復數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞)He is such a clever boy.He is so clever a boy.It's such fine weather today.They didn't have so much time to do their homework.他們沒有如此多的時間去做作業(yè)。 十二. spend 意為“度過” 或“花費（時間、金錢）”。 Eg:

21、 Come and spend the weekend with us. 來和我們一起度過周末吧。 spend timemoney on sth.在.上花費時間或金錢. =spend timemoney （in） doing sth. 花費時間或金錢做某事 He didnt spend much time on his homework.= He didnt spend much time_ his homework. I spend 200 yuan on a new coat. = I spend 200 yuan _ a new coat. Dont spend too much tim

22、e watching TV. = Dont spend too much time _TV. He always spend his time playing football. = He always spend his time _ football. 拓展比較： 1. cost的主語是物 sth. costs sb.金錢/時間 某物花了某人多少錢/時間。doing sth. costs sb.時間 做某事花了某人多少時間。2. take后面常跟雙賓語， 常見用法有以下幾種： It takes sb.時間/金錢to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少時間。例：It took them th

23、ree years to build this road. 他們用了三年時間修完了這條路。3. pay的基本用法是：(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付錢（給某人）買。例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每個月要付20英磅的房租。 (2)pay for sth. 付的錢。例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不賠丟失的書款。 (3)pay for sb. 替某人付錢。例：Don?蒺t worry!I'll pay for you. 別擔心， 我會

24、給你付錢的。(4)pay sb. 付錢給某人。 例: They pay us every month.他們每月給我們報酬。 十三. through prep. 以；憑借；穿過He became rich through hard work and ability. 他憑借辛苦的工作和能力變得富有。The sunlight was coming in through the window. through，across，overthrough意為“穿過”，指從物體的里面穿過。across意為“穿過”，指從物體的表面通過。over意為“越過；跨過”，指越過一個有高度的物體。They walked

25、through the park after supper.I swam across the river and felt very tired.Can you jump over the table?十四. however “然而，不過”。可以位于句首、句中、句末。但要用逗號與句子的其他部分隔開。 Eg: She was ill. However, she still went to work. 她病了，然而她依然去上班。 辨析：but和however but 直接連接前后兩個句子，轉(zhuǎn)折的意味比however強，特別表示非常明顯的對比，。 However “然而，但是”。 不能直接連接句子

26、，必須用逗號與句子隔開。 Eg:1.It began to rain, _ ,we went out to look for the boy. 2. It a sunny morning，_very cold. 這是個晴朗的早晨，但是卻很冷。十五. more than 相當于over。意為“超過，多余”。 There are more than 2000 books. 十六. less than six. 少于6小時。 less than 意為“不到，少于”。其反義詞為 more than over “多余，超過” Eg：She sleeps less than seven hours eve

27、ry night. 他每晚的睡眠時間不到7小時。 We know Tom for 20 years. 我們認識Tom超過20年了。 拓展： less 是little的比較級，She has less milk than me. 二十二. none none 與no one, nobody 的用法區(qū)別1. no one=nobody，兩者均只能指人，作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)。如：No one Nobody _ 誰也不知道。No one Nobody _ it. 沒人喜歡它。注：按傳統(tǒng)語法，兩者之后均不能接 of 短語。2. none 既可指人也可指物，其后通常接 of 短

28、語；用作主語若指不可數(shù)名詞，謂語只能用單數(shù)，若指可數(shù)名詞，則謂語可用單數(shù)或復數(shù)。None of the food was left. 一點食物都沒留下。None of the books is are interesting. 沒有一本書有趣。3. none 暗示一種數(shù)量，“一個也沒有”，而 no one 或 nobody 指“誰都沒有”，回答 how many 或 how much 的提問時，通常用 none，而在回答 who 的提問時，通常用 no one 或 nobody。體會：A：How many English books have you read? 你讀過多少本英文書?B：Non

29、e. 一本也沒讀。A：How much money did you give her? 你給了她多少錢?B：None. 一分也沒給。A：Who went to see the film? 誰去看電影了?B：No one Nobody. 誰也沒去。 I用所給詞的適當形式填空1. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or _? What are the_ ?（different)2. Eating fruit can help you_ (get) more vitamins.3. My dad wants me_ (be) a lawyer .4. The bo

30、y is doing_ (exercise) on the. paper.5. The girl is taking_ (exercise) to keep healthy.6. The little boy is _(exercise).7. She_ (say) it's good for you.8. Eating vegetables every day is a_ (health) lifestyle.9. The old man doesn't have _ (many) money.10. 1 don't know if Bill is _ ( healt

31、h).二、單項選擇 選出句中相應空白處的最佳答。 ( )1.Would you like some _ to drink? No, thanks.A. tomatoes B. coffee C. potatoes D. chicken( )2. She was a quiet girl, but she is very _ now.A. beautiful B. lazy C. friendly D. active( )3. Are you tired now, Kate?Sure(當然). I can _ walk on.A. hardly B. often C. usually D. al

32、ways( )4 I eat _ meat because I dont want to be too heavy.A. lots of B. much C. more D. less( )5. Her lifestyle is the same _ her brothers.A. asB. forC. withD. to( )6. My parents are not at home, so I have to _ my little sister.A. look at B. look like C. look after D. look out( )7. _ hours do you ex

33、ercise every day? Two.A. How long B. How far C. How much D. How many( )8. How often does your mother shop? _.A. Once a week B. Three times C. five and six times a weekD. For a week( )9. _more fruits and vegetables is good _ our health. A. Eating; to B. Eats; for C. Eating; for D. Eat; for( )10. A lo

34、t of vegetables _you to keep in good health. A. make B. want C. try D. help( )11. Peter is _because he hardly ever exercises. A. tired B. happy C. healthy D. unhealthy( )12. He knows a lot _he is still (仍然)a child. A. so B. although C. but D. or( )13. My dad _a lawyer(律師) when I grow up. A. wants me

35、 to B. wants me to be C. became D. wanted( )14. My mother_ surfs the Internet, she likes watching TV.A. doesnt hardly ever B. hardly ever C. isnt hardly ever D. hardly never( )15. _does he do on the weekend? - He often helps his mother with housework. A. How B. How often C. What D. How soon( )16. -

36、What_ you usually _on weekends? -I usually _guitar.A. did; do; play the B. do; do; play C. do; did; play D. do; do; play the( )17. -Are you late for class? -_.A. Yes, never B. Yes, sometimes C. No, ever D. No, usually( )18. _he was tired, _he didnt stop to restA. Although, but; B. Although, /; c. th

37、ough; but; ( )19. Can you help me _the house?A. cleaning B. with clean C. of cleaning D. clean( )20. Lisa _eight hours every night. What about you?A. eats B. drinks C. plays D. sleeps課后練習：一.根據(jù)要求完成句子。1,_ _ Bill usually do _ _?比爾周末通常做什么？2_ _ do you _ the Internet? _ a week. 你多久上一次網(wǎng)？每周兩次。3. She often r

38、eads English books. （改為一般疑問句）_ she often _ English books?4. My parents want me to be a doctor.（對劃線部分提問）_ _ your parents want you to be?5. My favorite movie is Mr Bean. （對劃線部分提問）_ _ your favorite movie?6. Do you like to drink milk?（作否定回答）_, I _.7. My grandpa keeps in good health. （改為同義句）My grandpa _

39、_.8. He goes to the park three times a week. (對劃線部分提問)_ _ does he go to the park? 9_ Im_ _unhealthy也許我有點不健康10.牛奶對健康有利 Milk_ _ for your health.二.單項填空1.How often does he exercise? _. A. He is twelve B. He exercises by bus C. Twice a week D. About one hour. 2. My father wants me _ vegetables every day.

40、 A. to eat B. Eating C. eat D. eats 3. 80% students like the watch. What does“80%”mean? _. A. None of the students B. All the students C. Some of the students D. Most of the students 4. Have you ever been to Hai Nan? No, _. A.ever B. never C. some times D. usually 5. Mike is a _ boy. He does exercis

41、e every day. A. health B. unhealthy C. healthy D. healthily 6. Is your book _ as mine? A. same B. some C. a same D. the same 7. Drinking milk and eating vegetables _ our health. A. are good for B. are good at C. is good for D. is good at 8. Mary tries _ a lot of vegetables. A. eat B. to eat C. eats

42、D. drink 9. Katrina reads English books three _ four times a week. A. at B. in C. to D. of 10. Do you like to go _? A. skateboard B. to skateboarding C. a skateboarding D. skateboarding 11._ he is ill, _he goes to school. A. Although; but B. /; / C. Although; / D. But; although 12. They watch TV_. A. one a week B. once a week C. one the week D. once week 13. The old man is well because he often_. A. exercises B. drinks C. sleeps D. play 14._do you read English books? Twic