1819 Unit 2 Section Ⅱ　Language pointsⅠWelcometo the unitReading

1、Section Language points()(Welcometo the unit & Reading)語 言 基 礎(chǔ) 自 測.單詞拼寫根據(jù)漢語或首字母提示，寫出下列單詞。1It upset(使不高興)him that he didnt know what the fact was.2When the boat sank(下沉)they had to swim for it.3There is no man that has no faults(過錯)4They were frightened to hear the frightening(令人害怕的)sound.5Call the p

2、olice in the event of an emergency(緊急情況)6There may be a physical explanation for these strange happenings.7I think they played well and deserved the victory.8They are extremely gentle and friendly and very tolerant of children.9After three days without food，the men were close to starvation10Im afrai

3、d we cant come，but thank you for the invitation anyhow.拓展詞匯根據(jù)詞性和漢語提示，寫出下列單詞。1frightened adj.受驚的；害怕的frighten vt.使受驚；使害怕2behavio(u)r n行為，舉止behave v表現(xiàn)，行為規(guī)矩3emergency n突發(fā)事件；緊急情況emergent adj.緊急的4explanation n解釋，說明explain v解釋5rude adj.粗魯?shù)?，無禮的rudeness n粗魯，無禮adj.nessn.C(過去分詞)A(原形)B(過去式)rudeness n粗魯，無禮weakne

4、ss n弱點carelessness n粗心，大意beginbeganbegunsinksanksunkdrinkdrankdrunk.補全短語根據(jù)提示補全下列短語。1turn up 開大(音量)2a waste of 的浪費3cant wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事4be supposed to 應(yīng)該5do with 處理6not .any more 不再7be hard on 對苛刻，對嚴(yán)厲8now that 既然；由于9in the form of 以的形式10instead of 代替；而不是.選詞填空選用上述短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。1The smart boy is t

5、oo young.Dont be hard on him.2Now that you are grown up，you should not rely on your parents.3You are supposed to listen carefully in class to catch what the teacher says.4Wow，free movies！I cant wait to download some and watch them.5I cant hear the TV very well，could you turn it up?turnadv.動詞短語v.ingv

6、.to be doneturn up開大；出現(xiàn)；露面turn down關(guān)小，調(diào)低；拒絕turn off關(guān)掉deserve v值得require v要求need v需要.經(jīng)典句式仿寫背教材原句記句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫促落實1.The room is in a mess，with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.房間一片狼藉，地板上是比薩餅盒子，水槽中是臟兮兮的盤子。with pizza boxes.為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語，其構(gòu)成為“with賓語介詞短語”。The girl came in，with some roses

7、behind her back. 那女孩進來了，身后拿著一些玫瑰花。2.Listen to me，young manwe left you in charge！聽我說，年輕人我們將這個家交給了你負(fù)責(zé)！leave sb./sth.介詞短語，是“l(fā)eave sb./sth.賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“使某人或某物處于什么狀態(tài)”。Dont leave the dog in the bedroom. 不要讓狗待在臥室里。3.Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.丹尼爾雙臂抱在胸前，看起來很不高興。have sth.done是“have賓語賓補”的一種復(fù)合結(jié)

8、構(gòu)，意思是“使/讓被”。Its time for you to have your hair cut. 你該剪頭發(fā)了。4.We didnt think that you would let the house get so dirty.我們原以為你不會把房子搞得這么臟兮兮的。本句用了否定轉(zhuǎn)移，將后面賓語從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式。I dont think it is a good idea to play football in the street. 我認(rèn)為在大街上踢足球不是個好主意。核 心 要 點 探 究 cant wait to迫不及待地做某事(教材P22)Yes

9、，I cant wait to surprise the boys!是呀，我迫不及待地要給兒子們一個驚喜呢！cant/couldnt/can hardly wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事cant wait for sth. 急切地等待某事物cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事cant help/choose but do sth. 不得不做某事After the game，he cant wait to tell me the exciting result.比賽結(jié)束后，他迫不及待地要把這個令人興奮的結(jié)果告訴我。I cant wait for the summe

10、r.我急切地等待夏天的到來。I cant help laughing(laugh)every time I think of the matter.每次一想起那件事，我就會忍不住笑起來。I have no choice but to wait(wait)here silently.我不得不靜靜地等在這兒。 frightened adj.受驚的；害怕的(教材P22)Mom！Dad！Youre back early！(looking around room，sounding frightened)媽媽！爸爸！你們這么早就回來了呀！(四下打量房間，語氣驚慌地)(1)be frightened of

11、(doing) sth.害怕(做)某事be frightened to do sth. 嚇得不敢做某事be frightened that. 害怕be frightened to death 嚇?biāo)?2)frighten vt. 使害怕，使恐懼(3)frightening adj. 令人害怕的I was frightened of being left by myself in the house.我害怕一個人被留在屋里。Dont shout or youll frighten the baby.別大聲嚷，你會嚇著孩子的。I was frightened to look(look) down f

12、rom the top of the tall building.從高樓頂上往下看，我感到害怕。They were frightened (frighten) to hear the frightening (frighten) sound.他們聽到那可怕的聲音很害怕。 be supposed to應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)(教材P22)But，but.you werent supposed to come home until tomorrow!可是、可是你們應(yīng)該明天才到家的呀！be not supposed to 不該be supposed to do sth. 被期望做某事，應(yīng)該做某事be suppos

13、ed to be. 被相信是，被認(rèn)為是名師點津was/were supposed to do sth.am/is/are supposed to have done sth.表示“本應(yīng)該做某事，但事實上卻沒做”。This novel is supposed to be one of his best novels.這本小說被認(rèn)為是他最好的小說之一。You were supposed to finish your homework on time.你理應(yīng)按時完成作業(yè)的。Your homework is supposed to be handed(hand) in by Friday.你的作業(yè)應(yīng)該

14、在星期五之前上交。Why are you still at home? You are supposed to have gone(go) to school.你怎么還在家？你本應(yīng)該去學(xué)校了。 starve vi.挨餓；餓死 vt.使挨餓(教材P22)The money for dog food is gone，but Spot looks like he is starving!用來買狗食的錢不見了，可是小斑點看上去都餓壞了！(1)starve o (doing) sth.迫使某人做某事starve for 渴望；急需starve to death 餓死(2)starving a

15、dj. 饑餓的(3)starvation n. 饑餓，挨餓；餓死die of starvation 死于饑餓My heart bleeds for the starving children.我心里為這些挨餓的孩子感到悲痛。They got lost in the desert and starved to death.他們在沙漠中迷了路，饑餓而死。Over three hundred people have died of starvation(starve)since the beginning of the year.從年初起，已有 300 多人餓死。Many children star

16、ve for love and knowledge.許多兒童渴望得到愛和知識。 (教材P22)The room is in a mess，with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.房間一片狼藉，地板上是比薩餅盒子，水槽中是臟兮兮的盤子?！疽c提煉】with pizza boxes.為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語，其構(gòu)成為“with賓語介詞短語”。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中表狀態(tài)或說明背景情況，常作伴隨、方式、原因、條件等狀語，有時也可以作定語。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：He likes to sleep with the door op

17、en.他喜歡開著門睡覺。With the road lights on，we didnt have to feel our way.路燈亮了，我們無需摸索著走路。With Tom helping(help)us，we finished the task soon.有湯姆幫助我們，我們很快就完成了那項任務(wù)。With all the things she needed bought(buy)，she went home happily.買了所需要的所有東西后，她高興地回家了。With a lot of work to do(do)，he wasnt allowed to go out.因為還有很多

18、工作要做，他沒有被允許外出。 (教材P22)Listen to me，young manwe left you in charge!聽我說，年輕人我們將這個家交給了你負(fù)責(zé)！【要點提煉】leave sb./sth.介詞短語是“l(fā)eave sb./sth.賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“使某人或某物處于什么狀態(tài)”。此結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語補足語可以是形容詞、副詞、分詞、不定式、名詞和介詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)等。Leave the door open and you can breathe the fresh air.開著門你就可以呼吸新鮮的空氣。Dont leave the child by himself at home.不

19、要讓這個孩子一個人待在家里。She left me waiting(wait)for two hours at the station.她讓我在車站一直等了兩個小時。Dont leave your work unfinished(finish)工作不要半途而廢。 tolerate vt.容忍；允許(教材P22)We wont tolerate such behavior in our house!在我們家里可不能容忍這種行為！(1)tolerate doing sth.忍受做某事(2)tolerant adj. 忍受的，忍讓的be tolerant towards sth./sb. 對容忍/寬

20、容I cant tolerate your bad manners any longer.我再也不能容忍你無禮的行為了。The school cannot tolerate cheating in exams.學(xué)校不允許在考試中作弊。The government tolerates smoking(smoke) and drinking but not taking drugs.政府允許(人們)抽煙喝酒，但不允許他們吸毒。Be tolerant towards others flaws by way of love.以愛的方式看待別人的缺陷。 (教材P23)Daniel has his arm

21、s crossed and looks upset.丹尼爾雙臂抱在胸前，看起來很不高興。(1)【要點提煉】句中的has his arms crossed 是have/has/had sth.done結(jié)構(gòu)。其中have用作使役動詞，意思是“使，讓”，后面接復(fù)合賓語。have sth.done中過去分詞作賓語補足語，賓語與過去分詞表示的動作構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系。(1)have sth.done有三種含義：“讓別人做某事”，強調(diào)主語的主觀意志，相當(dāng)于get sth.done?！霸庥瞿呈隆保瑥娬{(diào)賓語客觀上遭受不幸的事。“使完成某事”，此事可以是別人完成的，也可以是自己參與完成的。(2)have sb.do s

22、th.get sb.to do sth.讓某人做某事(3)have sb./sth.doing 使某人/某物持續(xù)地做某事Ill have Tom show you to your room.我讓湯姆帶你去你的房間。I dont like to wash clothes，so I always have my clothes washed.我不喜歡洗衣服，所以我總是讓別人給我洗。I had my watch stolen(steal)last night.昨晚我的手表被偷了。The boss had the workers working(work)day and night.老板讓工人們夜以繼

23、日地干活。名師點津(1)have sb.doing 用于否定句時，have 表示“容忍”之意，could not have sb.doing sth.意為“不允許某人做某事”。(2)have還可用于have sth.to do 結(jié)構(gòu)，該結(jié)構(gòu)中have 作“有”講，不定式作定語。語境助記Yesterday，Jack had his hair cut.However，when he returned home，he found he had had his document stolen.He was so worried because his boss would have him work

24、on weekends if he lost it.昨天，杰克(請人給他)理發(fā)了。但是，當(dāng)他回到家時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的文件被偷了。他非常著急，因為如果他丟失了這份文件，他的老板會讓他周末工作的。(2)upset adj.不高興的，失望的vt.使不高興，使失望(1)be upset with sb.生某人的氣，對某人感到不快be upset about/over sth. 對某事感到失望/煩惱(2)It upsets sb.that. 讓某人心煩的是It upsets sb.to do sth. 做某事使某人失望I was so upset that I felt like crying.我心煩意亂，

25、很想哭。Dont be upset about itno harm has been done.不要為那事煩惱，沒有造成損失。It upsets(upset) him that nobody has bothered to tell him about it.讓他不高興的是，誰也沒把這件事告訴他。You are not still upset with me，are you?你不再生我的氣了，對吧？ defend vt.辯解；辯白；防御，保護(教材P23)They never even gave me a chance to defend myself.他們壓根兒就不給我一個辯解的機會。(1)

26、defend sb.from/against.使某人免受defend oneself 自衛(wèi)(2)in defence of 為了保衛(wèi)，為辯護They defended very well in the game.在那場比賽中他們防守得很好。I defended myself with a stick when the dog came at me.那條狗向我撲來時我用棍子自衛(wèi)。I have to say in defence(defend)of her that she knew nothing about it.我得為她說句話，她對此事一無所知。The brave mother defend

27、ed her son from the mad dog.勇敢的母親保護兒子使他免遭瘋狗的襲擊。 deserve vt.值得；應(yīng)得；應(yīng)受(教材P23)They dont deserve an explanation.他們不配得到解釋。deserve sth.值得某事deserve to do sth. 值得做某事deserve doing sth.sth.deserve to be done 值得做某事You have been working all morning so you deserve a rest.你已經(jīng)工作了一上午應(yīng)該休息一下。Your suggestion deserves c

28、onsidering.你的建議值得考慮。The young man deserved praising/to be praised(praise)這個年輕人值得表揚。The team deserves to win(win)the match.這個隊該贏得比賽。 be hard on對苛刻，對嚴(yán)厲(教材P23)Do you think we were too hard on Daniel?你覺得我們剛才對丹尼爾是不是太苛刻了呢？be strict with對嚴(yán)格(人)be strict in 對嚴(yán)格(物)be cruel to 對殘酷be kind to 對友好Teachers are usu

29、ally hard on their students.老師們通常對他們的學(xué)生很嚴(yán)厲。Everyone should be kind to each other in our society.社會上人人都應(yīng)該友善。The companys boss are very hard on his workers.那家公司的老板對他的員工很苛刻。They were always very strict with their children.他們對子女一向十分嚴(yán)格。 now that既然；由于(教材P23)Maybe，but now that he has been so rude to us，I f

30、eel like we have to punish him or he wont respect us.也許吧，可是既然他對我們那么粗魯無禮，那我覺得我們有必要教訓(xùn)教訓(xùn)他，要不然他不會尊重我們的。其他表示原因的連詞或介詞短語：(1)because因為(表示直接而明確的原因，語氣較重，常用于回答why的疑問)(2)since 因為；既然(可與now that互換)(3)as 因為(語氣較弱)(4)for 因為(并列連詞，引導(dǎo)一個分句，不能置于句首，表示進一步補充說明)Now that you are here，why not have a drink?既然你來了，為什么不喝一杯呢？As it

31、was late，we came back soon.因為天晚了，我們很快就回來。It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet.因為地面很濕，所以昨晚一定下過雨。We cant go out because it is too cold.天太冷了，我們不能出去。名師點津now that既然，由于，是連詞詞組，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，表示明顯的原因或既成的事實?？谡Z中that?？墒÷?。解構(gòu)長句難句1Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected.【分析】該句是

32、一個主從復(fù)合句，主句是Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier；than expected是than they are expected的省略句式(是比較狀語從句)，該結(jié)構(gòu)為“連詞分詞”形式，使用該結(jié)構(gòu)時，主從句的主語是一致的或從句主語是it，且從句謂語動詞含有be動詞?！痉g】媽媽和爸爸外出度假，比預(yù)期的時間提前一天返回家中。2And that we spent all of yesterday waiting there for him，and that is why we had no time to clean the ho

33、use.【分析】句中第一個that是承接上文Eric的話中“if they knew”的，引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，從句中使用了spend.doing結(jié)構(gòu)；第二個that指代前面所述的情況，why引導(dǎo)的是表語從句，其中不定式to clean the house作time的定語。【翻譯】還有，我們昨天在診所待了一整天等小斑點，正因為如此，我們才沒有時間打掃房子隨 堂 效 果 落 實.語境填詞根據(jù)語境在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1I am frightened(fright)that he may have got lost in the mountain.2We found the house easily with the boy leading (lead)the way.3She bent down immediately to cut the grass.4We said much in defence(defend)of his action.5These old b