英語語法句型轉(zhuǎn)換大全答案

1、英語語法大全句子的轉(zhuǎn)換與合并I. 簡單句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換1781 句型的轉(zhuǎn)換是指一個(gè)句子由一種語法結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)榱硪环N語法結(jié)構(gòu)，而不改變其原來的意 義。這是一種有用的練習(xí)， 可以學(xué)會許多不同的說法， 能從幾個(gè)句子中挑選出最適當(dāng)?shù)木渥?形式。 ExtrapositionA .主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換一個(gè)句子可以由主動結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)， 也可從被動結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)橹鲃咏Y(jié)構(gòu) (參閱 1207 1209)： He has finished his university studies .His university studies have been finishedThey put him to death .He

2、 was put to death .An Englishman teaches him English .He is taught English by an Englishmen .B .肯定句與否定句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換一個(gè)句子可以由肯定形式變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问?，也可由否定形式變?yōu)榭隙ㄐ问剑嚎隙ň浞穸ň銲 am doubtful of his honestyI am not sure of his honestyFew understand it.Not many understand it .He is sometimes silly 。He is not always clever .It is ti

3、dy .It is not untidy .He always objected .He never agreed.He failed to come .He did not come .She told the story with tears .She told the story not without tears .Only he knows it .Nobody else knows it .He lacks courage.He is without courage .He is very tired .He is not a little tired .He will alway

4、s remember your kindness .He will never forget your kindness .C.反問型問句與陳述句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換反問型問句( Rhetorical Questions )可以轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殛愂鼍洌篒s that the way to treat your wife ？That is not the way to treat your wife .Can I say anything ？I cannot say anything .Where can you ever see a ghost？You can never see a ghost anywhere

5、.Who cares about you ？Nobody cares about you .Why should I apologize ？I should not apologize D .不同詞類之間的轉(zhuǎn)換幾乎任何詞類都可以轉(zhuǎn)換為另一詞類。可以是：1. 動詞與名詞間的轉(zhuǎn)換： Our enemy is strengthen ing .Our enemy is gaining strength .They agreed not to criticize each other .They made an agreement not to criticize each other .It smel

6、ls good .It has a good smell .John disgraces our family .John is a disgrace to our family .2. 動詞與形容詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換： He neglects my advice .He is negligent of my advice .He fears nothing .He is afraid of nothing .This letter expresses his gratitude .This letter is expressive of his gratitude .They widened and

7、 lengthened the street . They made the street wide and long .3. 動詞與副詞間的轉(zhuǎn)換：He succeeded in advising Mary .He advised Mary successfully . They enjoyed celebrating the festival . They celebrated the festival joyfully . This story surpasses others in beauty. This story is surpassingly beautiful .4. 名詞與形

8、容詞間的轉(zhuǎn)換： He is a man of wealth .He is a wealthy man .He is a husband with no heart ， she is a wife with a long tongue . He is a heartless husband， she is a long-tongued wife .“ Here lies the olny wife of John Lee . ”“ Here lies John Lee's only wife. ” This policy is of great importance . This pol

9、icy is very important .There was once a monster with three heads.There was once a three-headed monster.5. 名詞與副詞間的轉(zhuǎn)換： Please handle it with care .Please handle it carefully .In all probability ， it will rain this evening . Most probably ， it will rain this evening .Our troops entered the city in triu

10、mph . Our troops entered the city triumphantly .6. 形容詞與副詞間的轉(zhuǎn)換：After a careful analysis ，the food proves poisonous . Carefully analysed ，the food proves poisonous . He hates hard work .He hates to work hard .7介詞與連詞間的轉(zhuǎn)換：I like him for his unselfishness I like him because he is unselfish I will wait un

11、til his return I will wait until he returns n.簡單句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換1782 一個(gè)分詞、動名詞、不定式或介詞短語可以轉(zhuǎn)換為復(fù)合句，反過來也如此： Sitting down ， he read the letter.He sat down and he read the letter.The guest leaving ， I went to bed .The guest left ， and then I went to bed .Being tired of life ， he refuses to see any friends or rel

12、atives.He is tired of life ， so he refuses to see any friends or relatives. He ran away to avoid punishment .He ran away， or he would be punished .He has to work hard to maintain his big family .He has to work hard ， otherwise he cannot maintain his big family .Out of a desire to please her mother ，

13、 he sent her things from time to time .He sent things to his mother from time to time ， for he desires to please her. Besides selling rice ， he teaches arithmetic in the evening .He sells rice， and besides he teaches arithmetic in the evening.With all his efforts ，he failed .He made all efforts ，but

14、 he failed .By his good manners ， he wins her heart .He has good manners，therefore he wins her heart .The boy is rewarded for his bravery .The boy is brave ， so he is rewarded.川簡單句與復(fù)雜句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換1783 一個(gè)詞或是短語可以轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槊~從句、定語從句或狀語從句，反過來也如此：A 名詞從句I cannot tell the time of his arrival I cannot tell when he will a

15、rrive I believe your statement I believe what you stated I insisted on his studying art I insisted that he should study art I was informed of his behaviour I was informed of how he behaved I wish you to be always happy I wish that you will be always happy I think it fit for you to take over the busi

16、ness I think it fit that you take over the business I learn of his success I learn that he has succeededHis arrival is a great event That he has arrived is a great eventHow to get rid of poverty is a big problem It is a big problem how we can get rid of povertyB .定語從句He is a self made manHe is a man

17、 who has succeeded by his own efforts .It has become an independent country .It has become a country that is no more controlled by anothor .I want to live and die in my native village .I want to live and die in the village where I was born .She wears a sea blue skirt .She wears a skirt which is as b

18、lue as the sea.We need an atom smashing machine .We need a machine that can smash atoms.I have nothing to say .I have nothing that I wish to say .The evil done lives after the doers .The evil that men do live after them .C.狀語從句The children quarrelled over the property on the death of their father.Th

19、e children quarrelled over the property as soon as their father died. After 20 years of service ， he retired.When he had served 20 years， he retired.He died in his native place .He died where he was born .He stayed at home because of illness.He stayed at home because he was ill.In spite of my advice

20、 ， he persisted in going out with her .Although I advised him ， he persisted in going out with her .You may drink to your heart's content .You may drink as much as you like .Without any water ， this plant cannot live .Unless it gets any water ， this plant cannot live .He is too tired to work any

21、 more .He is so tired that he cannot work any more.I will inform the police to punish him .I will inform the police so that he may be punished .注： 1782 中大部分短語不僅可以變?yōu)椴⒘械姆志洌部梢宰優(yōu)闋钫Z從句。W.復(fù)雜句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換1784 He gained a lot of money in gambling and he wished to gamble again After he gained a lot of money in

22、gambling ，he wished to gamble again He may be interested in art and in that case he should go to some fine arts school If he is interested in art ，he should go to some fine arts school Recede one step , and they will proceed threeIf they recede one step， they will proceed three He is poor， but he is

23、 proud Although he is poor ， he is proudHe has failed， yet he has done his bestAlthough he has failed ， he has done his bestWe must keep silent ,or father will get angry We must keep silent lest father should get angry He must live a regular life ， otherwise he will fall ill Unless he lives a regula

24、r life ， he will fall ill He is a very good teacher ， so the students like him The students like him because he is a good teacherThey have said all they wish to say ， therefore they understand each other thoroughly As they have said all they wish to say ，they understand each other thoroughly V.直接引語和

25、間接引語之間的轉(zhuǎn)換說話人講的話可以用兩種方式來引用。 如果引用他的原話， 就稱作直接引語。 因此 He said， “I am very il.l ”為直接引語。如果按引用人的觀點(diǎn)來引用， 則稱為間接引語。 因此 He said that he was very ill .為間接引語。Said這樣的動詞稱為引話動詞，它前面的主語，例如he,可稱為第一主語。引語中的主語，如I及he，稱為第二主語。引語中的謂語動詞稱為第二動詞。 當(dāng)直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語,或間接引語轉(zhuǎn)換為直接引語時(shí),有幾個(gè)問題需要注意。A .大寫與標(biāo)點(diǎn)直接引語放在引號之內(nèi)， 第一個(gè)字母要大寫， 引號前加逗號 (間或用冒號) ，引語

26、末加句號、 問號或感嘆號，但在間接引語中卻不加這些。間接引語必須由that， whether(if )或疑問詞(who， why， when 等)開頭， 末尾要加句號。 此外， 在直接引語中問句可能有倒裝語序 (助 動詞放在主語前面)，但在間接引語中，問句則需變?yōu)樽匀徽Z序：I say， “ He will come. ”I say that he will come .I say：“When will he come？ ”I ask when he will come.B 引話動詞與第二動詞引話動詞可以是 say， remark， observe， claim， explain ， confi

27、rm ；ask， enquire， question； answer， reply；declare， announce；beg， urge， suggest， request， demand；order， command； object ， deny， admit， agree， argue；warn， threaten；think ， reflect， consider；write， cable， phone，telex； shout， laugh， sneer等等。若引話動詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)， 則當(dāng)引語由直接變?yōu)殚g接時(shí)， 第二動詞照舊不變。 但若引話 動詞是過去時(shí)， 則間接引語中的第二動詞

28、， 就要由現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去時(shí)， 由過去時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完 成時(shí)等。I say(or will say )to him， “John arrive(s or will arrive ， arrived)on Sunday. ”I say(or will say)to him that John arrives(or will arrive ， arrived)on Sunday.I said to him ，“ John arrive(s or will arrive ， arrived)on Sunday.I said to him that John arrived (or would arrive

29、 ， had arrived) on Sunday.C.引話動詞與連詞1. 如果間接引語為陳述句， 它前面通常都有：say that, know that, tell him that , state that, 2如果它是問句，它前面通常有：ask（ him）whether（or if）， inquire（of him） whether，dema nd （of him ） whether, won der whether, want to know whether ; 或 ask （him ） + W （即 疑問詞，女口 who , whom , when, why , which ） ,

30、inquire （of him ） + W, 3. 如果它是感嘆句，它前面通常有： exclaim that ，cry out with joy that ， 4. 如果間接引語為祈使句,它前面通常有： demand that, ask that, request that, advise that, order that,且里面包含助動詞 should .此外間接引語還可以轉(zhuǎn)換為不定式短語，這時(shí)引話 動詞需要改為賓補(bǔ)動詞：1. I said, “You are a nice boy.”I said that he was a nice boy.I thought, “ You will fa

31、il again. ”I thought that he would fail again .2. I said , “ Are you a nice boy？”I asked whether he was a nice boy.I thought to myself ,“ Will he fail again？”I asked myself whether he would fail again.I enquired of him , “Who knows i？t ”I enquired of him who knew it .3. I said, “What a nice boy you

32、ar！e ”I exclaimed that he was indeed a nice boy .I said, “Hurrah！We have won the battle. ”I cried with joy that we had won the battle .He said, “Curse ！it You are a fool . ”He exclaimed with an oath that I was a fool .He said, “Bravo！You have done something wonder ful.”He applauded me, saying that I

33、 had done something wonderful .4. I said to him , “ Be a nice bo.y ”I advised that he should be a nice boy.I advised him to be a nice boy .I said to him,“See me at the statio.n ”I requested that he should see me at the station.I requested him to see me at the station.D .代詞此外還要注意, 把直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí), 代詞需作改

34、變。 如果在直接引語中代詞為第一 人稱,在變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),將變?yōu)榕c第一主語一致的代詞。I said, “I can do .it ”I said that I could do it .He said, “I must g.o ”He said that he must go.You said, “Iknow. ” You said that you knew .We said, “ We can do i.t ”We said that we could do it .They said, “We must g.o ” They said that they must go .I said

35、“We can d.o ”itI said that we could do it .（ We 中包括 I） 如果在直接引語中, 代詞為第二人稱, 在間接引語中它將變成與引話動詞的賓語一致的人稱：I told him ， “ You are right ”I told him that he was right I told you ， “ You are right ”I told you that you were right He told me ， “ You are right ”He told me that I was right He told us ， “ You are r

36、ight ”He told us that we were right We told them ， “ You are right ”We told them that they were right ”To somebody 也可看作是賓語：He said to me(=told me )， “ You are right ”He said to me that I was right He explained to them ， “ You have gone the wrong way”He explained to them that they had gone the wrong

37、way 引話動詞的賓語有時(shí)可以省略，但它在間接引語中可能需要說出來：They asked me when I would get married I said ， “ You will learn it very soon ”I said that they would learn it very soon .如果在直接引語中代詞為第三人稱，在間接引語中，它可以保持不變：I told you ，“ He is craz.y ”I told you that he is crazy .He told me ，“ She is craz.y ”He told me that she was cra

38、zy.We told him，“They are craz.y ”We told him that they were crazy .He told me ,“ He is crazy ”(這兩個(gè)he代表兩個(gè)不同的人)He told me that a certain person was crazy .還需指出，上述代詞，在直接或間接引語中，可以為任何 “格”，而不僅僅是主格：He told me，“I will ask my brother to take me to the pictures. ”He told me that he would ask his brother to ta

39、ke him to the pictures .He declared “ We must urge them to return our territory to！u”sHe declared that we must urge them to return our territory to us .E. 時(shí)間副詞(短語)間接引語中的時(shí)間副詞(短語)可能和直接引語中的時(shí)間副詞(短語)不同，這是因?yàn)樵瓉?說話人提到的時(shí)間可能與現(xiàn)在引話人提到的時(shí)間不同：He said，“ Mary is very busy now. ”He said that Mary was very busy then .

40、He said，“ Mary came yesterda.y ”He said that Mary had come the day before (or the previous day).He said，“ Mary came five days ago. ”He said that Mary had come five days before ( or five days earlier ).He said，“ Mary will come tomorrow. ”He said that Mary would come the following day ( or the next da

41、y).He said，“ Mary will come in five days！ ”He said that Mary would come five days afterwards ( or later ).F. 第一主語及引話動詞的位置在新聞報(bào)導(dǎo)中第一主語有時(shí)放在引話動詞的后面：Said Steve ns,"”Comments Dr. Lee,"”Boasted Asia Bank preside nt Joh n Bush ,第一主語及引話動詞，除了放在直接引語前面外，還可放在其他位置：He said， “O！h I have done my best”“O！h ”

42、he sai，d “I have done my best ”（但不說 said he）“ Oh I have done my best, ” he said （但不說 said he）“ O！h I have done my best” （如果大家都清楚這話是誰說的，第一主語及引話動詞也可不 必說出。） 在第一主語及引話動詞放在其他位置時(shí)，要注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號：He said， “ O，h I have done my best； I have made every effort d But all in vain d ”“ O，h ” he sai，d “ I have done my bes；

43、t I have made every effort d But all in vain d ”“ O，h I have done my best， ” he sa；id “ I have made every effor，t But all in vain d ” 如果引話動詞有較長的修飾語， 最好把它放在主語及引話動詞前面， 如果主語及引話動詞在 直接引語后面，長修飾語最好放在引話動詞后面：After a short space of silence he said，“I'll consider this problemd ”“ I'll consider this pro

44、blem， ” he said after a short space osfilenced 如果主語和引話動詞放在直接引語的中間或后面， 作主語的名詞可以放在引話動詞的后面或 前面（若主語是人稱代詞，只能放在動詞后面）："I think so ” he sai（ or Leo said , said Leo）.（很少說 said he）“ Everything is OK ” she says or Amy says , says Amy）.（很少說 says she）W.簡單句的合并1786 兩個(gè)或更多簡單句可以合并成一個(gè)比較復(fù)雜的句子，這種練習(xí)對學(xué)習(xí)寫作的人很有好 處。兩個(gè)或更

45、多簡單句可借助并列連詞合并成一個(gè)復(fù)合句：He saw John. He greeted him.He saw John and he greeted him.I called on Mary . Mary was ill .I called on Mary ， but Mary was ill .He has not a single penny. He has to beg. He will be starved .He has not a single penny， so he has to beg， otherwise he will be starved .兩個(gè)或更多簡單句， 可以加上從屬連詞， 把一個(gè)或更多句子變?yōu)槊~從句、 定語從句或狀語 從句，這樣來合并成為一個(gè)復(fù)雜句。1. 變成名詞從句：He has arrived. I know it .I know that he has arrived .He may have an accident. I am afraid .I am afraid that he may have an accident.How many were killed ？I am not sure.I am not sure how many were kille