定語從句（二）

1、 定語從句（二）介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.(2) The school in which he once studied is very famous.(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.(4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(

2、5) Well go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.(6) Well go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.注意：1. 含有介詞的動詞短語 一般不拆開使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T正確)(2) This is the watch for which I

3、 am looking. (F錯誤)2. 若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時用whom，不可用who或者that；指物時用which，不能用that；關(guān)系代詞是所有格時用whose(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)(2) The man with that you talked is my friend. (F)(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T)(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada i

4、s very comfortable. (F)3. “介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代詞或者數(shù)詞(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of who

5、m are from big cities.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞（一般情況下）that 可用who ,whom 和which在從句做主語，謂語動詞的賓語，但是不能做介詞的賓語which指物，在從句中作主語，謂語或賓語；who在從句中作主語；whom在從句中賓語；where在從句中修飾表地點的名詞，做地點狀語；when在從句中通常修飾表時間的名詞，做時間狀語；why在從句中做原因狀語，先行詞通常是"reason"有時why也可用for+which代替。例：A doctor is a person who looks after people's health._ _ _

6、_先行詞 主語 謂語 賓語|_|定語從句修飾先行詞關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1. when指時間，在定語從句中做時間狀語(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.2. where指地點，在定語從句中做地點狀語(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3. why

7、指原因，在定語從句中做原因狀語(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) I do nt know the reason why he looks unhappy today.注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句可以由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的從句替換(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know wha

8、t he wanted when he grew up.(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞方法一： 用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。不及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關(guān)系副詞或者是介詞加關(guān)系代詞；而及物動詞 后接賓語，則要求用關(guān)系代詞。例如：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.I'll never forget the days when I worked to

9、gether with you.判斷改錯（注：先顯示題，再顯示答案，橫線；用不同的顏色表示出。）（錯） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（錯） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（對） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.（對） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countrysi

10、de.習(xí)慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞 where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。方法二： 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。例1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago?A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one例2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held?A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one答案：例1 D，例2 A例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This mu

11、seum is _ you visited a few days ago.例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This is the museum _ the exhibition was held.在句1中，is后應(yīng)跟表語 ，只有the one可以，而后面的you visited a few days ago則做one的定語從句。而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導(dǎo)地點狀語。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對，所以選A。關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時，選擇關(guān)系代詞 (who, whom, that, which, whose)；先行詞在從句中做狀語時，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞 ( where 地點狀語，when 時間狀語，why 原因狀語) 。編輯本段 |回到頂部 介詞+關(guān)系詞1）介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略。2）that前不能有介詞。3） 某些在從句中充當(dāng)時間，地點或原因狀語的"介詞+關(guān)系詞"結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when ,where和why 互換。This is the house in which I lived two years ago.This is the house where I lived two ye