美國(guó)政治 politics of the USA

1、A Survey of the UK & the USA Chapter 9: 大連職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院 OBJECTIVESa general idea about the political system the basic information of major political parties The functions of the state leaders and party leadersThe flag of the USATo understand the party system in the USATo illustrate how the party system inf

2、luence the worldTo know the flag of the USATo distinguish the political difference between the Democratic and the Republican2/25/2022 Quotation Politics is not the art of the possible. It consists in choosing between the disastrous and the unpalatable. John Kenneth GalbraithSTARTER1. The Judicial Br

3、anch is headed by _.A.the Supreme Court B. Congress C. President D.Citizen2. The general election in America is held every _ years.A. 5 B. 4 C. 6 D. 34. _ has the sole right to interpret the Constitution.A. The Cabinet B. The Supreme CourtC. President D. Congress5. The symbol of the US Republic Part

4、y is _.A.Tiger B. Elephant C. Donkey D. Monkey The United States is a federal union of 50 states, with the District of Columbia as the seat of the federal government.The Constitution outlines the structure of the national government and specifies its powers and activities, and defines the relationsh

5、ip between the national government and individual state governments.Power is shared between the national and state (local) governments.Within each state are counties, townships, cities and villages, each of which has its own elective government.Look at the pictures below. Could you distinguish each

6、central government mansion? And make sure about the exact name of each. the USA1.US. Government2.State Government 3.Local Government4.Politiacal Parties5.The Flag 6.The Pledge of Allegiance7.Summary judicial the legislative executive U.S. Government (three branches) In this system of a separation of

7、 powers each branch operates independently of the others, however, there are built in checks and balances to prevent a concentration of power in any one branch and to protect the rights and liberties of citizens. 2007. 01What is the role of the US congress? What is the criticism of the Congress in t

8、he American Press? The American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in force in the world. The authors of the Constitution built in a provision for amending the document when political, social or economic conditions demanded it. Twenty-seven amendments have been passed since ratification

9、. The first 10 amendments to the Constitution, called the Bill of Rights, assure individual rights and freedoms. The Constitution (three branches)the Executive, headed by the President the Legislative, which includes both houses of Congress (the Senate and the House of Representatives) the Judicial,

10、 which is headed by the Supreme Court The Executive BranchThe chief executive of the United States is the president As a result of a 1951 constitutional amendment, a president may be elected to only two terms The presidents powers are formidable but not unlimited. The president is commander-in-chief

11、 of the armed forces. As the chief formulator of national policy, the president proposes legislation to Congress and may veto any bill passed by Congress. The executive branch of the Government is responsible for enforcing the laws of the land .The Vice President, department heads (Cabinet members),

12、 and heads of independent agencies assist in this capacity Unlike the powers of the President, their responsibilities are not defined in the Constitution but each has special powers and functions.Skill BuilderUsing the following picture to illustrate the cabinet of the 44th president of the USA Obam

13、a. The Legislative BranchThe legislative branch - the Congress - is made up of elected representatives from each of the 50 states. It is the only branch of U.S. government that can make federal laws, declare war and put foreign treaties into effect. Members of the House of Representatives are electe

14、d to two year terms. The judicial branch is headed by the U.S. Supreme Court, which is the only court specifically created by the Constitution. In addition, Congress has established 13 federal courts of appeals and 95 federal district courts. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges

15、 as vacancies occur, including justices of the Supreme Court. The federal courts hear cases arising out of the Constitution, federal laws and treaties and maritime cases; The Judicial BranchYou Have KnowThe legislative branch represented by CongressThe executive branch represented by the PresidentTh

16、e judicial branch represented by the Supreme CourtSkill builder Could you use the picture to illustrate the functions of each? State GovernmentThe state governments follow the same pattern as the federal government, with power divided among the executive, legislative and judicial branches. In genera

17、l, matters which lie entirely within state borders are the concern of state governments. internal communications regulations relating to property, industry, business and public utilities the state criminal code working conditions within the state. Thinking critically What are the main features of th

18、e State government?Local GovernmentThe U.S. Bureau of the Census (part of the Commerce Department) has identified no less than 78,218 local governmental units in the United States .More than three-quarters of the citizens of the United States now live in towns, large cities or their suburbs .municip

19、alities counties townships school districts special districts two major political parties The Democratic Party, founded by Thomas Jefferson in 1782. The Republican Party, established in the 1850s by Abraham Lincoln and others who opposed the expansion of slavery. Minor political parties, referred to

20、 as third parties, occasionally form in the United States, but their candidates are rarely elected to office. Third parties often call attention to an issue that is of interest to the voters but that has been neglected by government. At the national level, elections are held every two years, in even

21、-numbered years, on the first Tuesday following the first Monday in November.The Flag The Stars and Stripes originated as a result of a resolution adopted by the Second Continental Congress at Philadelphia on June 14, 1777. The resolution read: Resolved, that the flag of the United States be thirtee

22、n stripes, alternate red and white; that the union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field representing a new constellation. IIt was not until April 4, 1818, when President Monroe accepted a bill that prescribed the basic design of the flag which would assure that the growth of the country would be

23、 properly symbolized. In 1916, President Woodrow Wilson issued a proclamation calling for a nationwide observance of Flag Day on June 14, the birthday of the Stars and Stripes. During the night of September 13, 1814, the British fleet bombarded Fort McHenry in the harbor at Baltimore, Maryland. The

24、Pledge of Allegiance uThe Pledge of Allegiance received official recognition by Congress in an Act approved on June 22, 1942. uHowever, the pledge was first published in 1892 in the Youths Companion Magazine in Boston, Massachusetts to celebrate the 400th anniversary of the discovery of America. In its original version, the pledge read my flag instead of the flag of the United States.