初中英語時態(tài)總結(jié)及專項練習

1、初中英語時態(tài)總結(jié)一、 一般現(xiàn)在時 1.概念：經(jīng)常、反復發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。 2.時間狀語： Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week(day, year, month), on Sundays, 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：動詞 原形 （如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式） 4.否定形式：主語+am/is/are +not+其他; 此時態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞，則在其前加don't, 如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時還原行為動詞。 5.

2、一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首；用助動詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時，還原行為動詞。 6.例句：. It seldom snows here. He is always ready to help others. Action speaks louder than words.動詞+s的變化規(guī)則 1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es

3、，如：study-studies二、 一般過去時 1.概念：過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。 2.時間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動詞；行為動詞 的過去式 4.否定形式：主語+was/were +not+其他;在行為動詞前加didn't，同

4、時還原行為動詞。 5.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動詞do的過去式did 提問，同時還原行為動詞。 6.例句：She often came to help us in those days. I didn't know you were so busy.動詞過去式變化規(guī)律 一般情況下，在動詞原形后直接加ed。如：wanted，played。 以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動詞，直接加d。如：hoped，lived。 重讀閉音節(jié)單詞需雙寫最后一個輔音字母，再加ed。如：stopped, shipped。 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞變y為i，再加ed。如：studied，worried

5、。 有些動詞不符合上面的規(guī)則，需要特殊記憶。三、 現(xiàn)在進行時 1.概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進行的動作及行為。 2.時間狀語：Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be +doing +其他 4.否定形式：主語+be +not +doing+其他 5.一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首。 6.例句： How are you feeling today? He is doing well in his lessons. 動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則 1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking work-working 2以

6、不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting 3如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如： run-running, stop-stopping四、 現(xiàn)在完成時 1.概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。 2.時間狀語：yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+時間點，for+時間段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has

7、 +p.p（過去分詞）+其他 4.否定形式：主語+have/has + not +p.p（過去分詞）+其他 5.一般疑問句：have或has。 6.例句：I've written an article. The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.五、一般將來時 1.概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。 2.時間狀語：Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow,

8、etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+am/is/are +going to + do+其他；主語+will/shall + do+其他 4.否定形式：主語+am/is/are not going to do ；主語+will/shall not do+其他 5.一般疑問句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。 6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies. It is going to rain.名詞復數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化 1）child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice

9、man-men woman-women 注意：與 man 和 woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復數(shù)形式也是 -men 和-women。 如： an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成詞，故復數(shù)形式為Germans；Bowman是姓，其復數(shù)是the Bowmans。 2）單復同形 如： deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin 但除人民幣元、角、分外，美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復數(shù)形式。如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two me

10、ters 3）集體名詞，以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實為復數(shù)。 如： people. police .cattle 等本身就是復數(shù)，不能說 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以說 a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名詞，表示國民總稱時，作復數(shù)用。 如： The Chinese are industries and brave. 中國人民是勤勞勇敢的。 4）以s結(jié)尾，仍為單數(shù)的名詞，如： a. mat

11、hs，politics，physics等學科名詞，為不可數(shù)名詞，是單數(shù)。 b. news 是不可數(shù)名詞。 c. the United States，the United Nations 應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 聯(lián)合國是1945年組建起來的。 d. 以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書名，劇名，報紙，雜志名，也可視為單數(shù)。 "The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. <<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事書。 5) 表示由兩部分構(gòu)成

12、的東西，如：glasses (眼鏡) trousers, clothes 若表達具體數(shù)目，要借助數(shù)量詞 pair(對，雙); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers 6） 另外還有一些名詞，其復數(shù)形式有時可表示特別意思，如：goods貨物，waters水域，fishes（各種）魚一、 一般現(xiàn)在時 1.概念：經(jīng)常、反復發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。 2.時間狀語： Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week(day, ye

13、ar, month), on Sundays, 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：動詞 原形 （如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式） 4.否定形式：主語+am/is/are +not+其他; 此時態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞，則在其前加don't, 如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時還原行為動詞。 5.一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首；用助動詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時，還原行為動詞。 6.例句：. It seldom snows here. He is always ready to help others. Action speaks louder

14、 than words.編輯本段二、 一般過去時 1.概念：過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。 2.時間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動詞；行為動詞 的過去式 4.否定形式：主語+was/were +not+其他;在行為動詞前加didn't，同

15、時還原行為動詞。 5.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動詞do的過去式did 提問，同時還原行為動詞。 6.例句：She often came to help us in those days. I didn't know you were so busy.編輯本段三、 現(xiàn)在進行時 1.概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進行的動作及行為。 2.時間狀語：Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be +doing +其他 4.否定形式：主語+be +not +doing+其他 5.一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首。 6.

16、例句： How are you feeling today? He is doing well in his lessons.編輯本段四、 過去進行時 1.概念：表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進行的行為或動作。 2.時間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等。 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu) 主語+was/were +doing +其他 4.否定形式：主語+was/were + not +doing+其他 5.一般疑問句：把was或were放于句首。(第一個字母大寫） 6.例句：At that time she wa

17、s working in a PLA unit. When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.編輯本段五、 現(xiàn)在完成時 1.概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。 2.時間狀語：yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+時間點，for+時間段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has +p.p（過去分詞）+其他 4.否定形式：主語+have/has + n

18、ot +p.p（過去分詞）+其他 5.一般疑問句：have或has。 6.例句：I've written an article. The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.編輯本段六、 過去完成時 1.概念：以過去某個時間為標準，在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為，或在過去某動作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。 2.時間狀語：Before, by the end of last year (term, month), etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+had + p.p（過去分詞）+其他 4.否定形式：主語+had + not

19、+p.p（過去分詞）+其他 5.一般疑問句：had放于句首。 6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left. By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+had+p.p（過去分詞）+其他 肯定句：主語+ had+p.p（過去分詞）+其他 否定句：主語+ had+ not+p.p（過去分詞）+其他 一般疑問句：Had+主語+p.p（過去分詞）+其他 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句編輯本段七、 一般將來時 1.概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及

20、打算、計劃或準備做某事。 2.時間狀語：Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+am/is/are +going to + do+其他；主語+will/shall + do+其他 4.否定形式：主語+am/is/are not going to do ；主語+will/shall not do+其他 5.一般疑問句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。 6.例句：They are going to have a comp

21、etition with us in studies. It is going to rain.編輯本段八、 過去將來時 1.概念：立足于過去某一時刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中。 2.時間狀語：The next day (morning, year),the following month(week),etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+was/were +going to + do+其他；主語+would/should + do+其他 4.否定形式：主語+was/were/not + going to + do; 主語+would/should + not + do. 5.一般疑問句：was

22、或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。 6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day. I asked who was going there .編輯本段九、將來完成時 1.概念：在將來某一時刻之前開始的動作或狀態(tài) 2.時間狀語：by the time of; by the end of+時間短語（將來）;by the time+從句（將來） 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be going to/will/shall + have+p.p（過去分詞）+其他 4例句:By the time you get back, great cha

23、nges will have taken place in this area.編輯本段十、現(xiàn)在完成進行時 1.概念：表示從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作。這一動作可能剛剛開始，也可能仍在繼續(xù)，并可能延續(xù)到將來。 2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has +been +doing+其他 3.時間狀語：since+時間點，for+時間段等。 4.例子：I have been sitting here for an hour. The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.編輯本段十一、 一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的轉(zhuǎn)換 在現(xiàn)在完成

24、時中，延續(xù)性動詞能與表示一段時間的狀語連用，瞬間動詞卻不能。但是，可用別的表達方式：瞬間動詞用于“一段時間 + ago”的一般過去時的句型中；瞬間動詞可改成與之相對應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞及短語，與一段時間連用；瞬間動詞用于“It is + 一段時間 + since + 一般過去時”的句型中，表示“自從以來有時間”的意思，主句一般用it is來代替It has been;瞬間動詞用于“Some time has passed since + 一般過去時”的句型中。請看： A. He joined the League two years ago. B. He has been in the League

25、 for two years. C. It is two years since he joined the League. D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.編輯本段十二、 一般現(xiàn)在時與現(xiàn)在進行時的轉(zhuǎn)換 在一般現(xiàn)在時中，at加上名詞表示“處于某種狀態(tài)”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上學、上課）等。此短語可與進行時態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。請看： Peter is at work, but Mike is at play. Peter is working, but Mike is playing.編輯本段十三、 現(xiàn)在進行

26、時與一般將來時的轉(zhuǎn)換 在現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)中g(shù)o, come, leave, start, arrive等動詞常與表示將來的時間狀語連用表示將要發(fā)生的動作。如：I am coming, Mum! 意為“我就來，媽媽！”請看： The train is leaving soon. The train will leave soon.初中英語綜合時態(tài)練習 B.1 . My sister _ the Youth League last year. She _ a Youth League member for about a year now. A. joinedhas become B. joinedh

27、as been C. has joinedhas been D. did joinhad beenC.2. Neither of us _ a doctor. A. were B. am C. is D. areC.3. Mr Zhao doesnt like swimming, _? A. didnt he B. did he C. does he D. wont he C.4. Ill talk to him when he _. A. come B. will come C. comes D. cameC.5. They _ supper when we _ into the room.

28、 A. are havingwent B. were havinggo C. were havingwent D. are havinggoD.6. Well go climbing if it _ tomorrow. A. wont rain B. did rain C. isnt rain D. doesnt rainA.7. I dont know if it _ tomorrow. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rainD.8. Nathan Hale _ he _ his life for his country. A. saidgive

29、 B. sayswill give C. saidgives D. saidwould giveC.9. Most people _ TV. A. enjoy to watch B. enjoy watch C. enjoy watching D. enjoys watchingA.10.Father _ his cap and went out. A. put on B. puts on C. had put D. will put onB.11.How long _ your uncle _ in the army ? A. hasjoined B. hasbeen C. doesjoin

30、 D. hadjoinedD.12.Peter _ the work in a week. A. have finished B. finishes C. is finishing D. will finishA.13.The students _ the History Museum if it _ fine tomorrow. A. will visit.is B. will visitwill be C. would visit was D. would visitwould beA.14.Joan _ me whether I _ the book before. A. askedha

31、d read B. askedshall read C. askedwould read D. askedhas readC.15.By the end of last term, we _ Book Five. A. have learned B. would learn C. had learned D. were learningA.16._ she _ her lessons at seven yesterday evening ? A. Wasgoing over B. Isgo over C. Hasgone over D. Willgo overC.17.He cant go t

32、o the cinema with me because he _ a meeting. A. was having B. would have C. is having D. hadA.18.Both of the two dictionaries _ very useful. A. are B. is C. was D. amC.19. He _ to me since last month. A. didnt write B. hadnt written C. hasnt written D. wont writeD.20. Xu Ping _ to Japan only once. A

33、. has gone B. had gone C. had been D. has beenB.21. Nobody _ the answer. A. have known B. knew C. didnt know D. are knowingB.22._ you ever _ to Nanjing ? A. Havegone B. Havebeen C. Dogo D. Will goC.23. He _ he _ something wrong before. A. sayswas B. say.have done C. saidhad done D. saidwould doD.24.

34、 He _ me he _ an interesting book. A. tellwould borrow B. told will borrow C. tellwill borrow D. told had borrowedB.25. Thomas Edison _ already _ a chemistry lab for himself by the time he _ ten. A. hasbuiltwas B. hadbuiltwas C. wouldbuildwas D. wasbuildingisA.26. At the age of eleven, my grandfathe

35、r _ to work in a factory. A. began B. has begun C. will begin D. beginsD.27. One day while I _ along the street, I _ someone calling. A. walkedwas hearing B. was walkinghas heard C. was walkinghad heard D. was walkingheardC.28. Neither I nor he _. A. can swims well B. are swimming well C. swims well

36、 D. have swum wellD.29. _ you _ where your sister has gone ? A. Did know B. Willknow C. Areknow D. Do knowC.30. Betty _ morning exercises yesterday. A. not did B. don't do C. didnt do D. wont doC.31. The door of her room _ every day.A. are not cleaned B. not are cleaned C. is not cleaned D. not

37、is cleanedD.32.No rubbish _ for three weeks. A. collected B. is collected C. has collected D. has been collectedB.33.By 1980 the bridge _. A. was completed B. had been completed C. has been completed D. have been completedB.34.Another railway bridge _ there now. A. is building B. is being built C. i

38、s built D. has been builtD.35. _ the water in the wet clothes _ vapor now ? A. Areturned into B. Isturned into C. Arebeing turned into D. Isbeing turned intoC.36. _ this film _ last week ? A. Didshow B. Hasbeen shown C. Wasshown D. Wasbe shownA.37.He told me that the composition _ by him. A. was not

39、 written B. not was written C. is not written D. not is writtenD.38._ the play _ again next week ? A. Willput on B. Isput on C. Will beput on D. Willbe put onA.39._ the exercises _ tomorrow ? A. Maybe handed in B. May behanded in C. May be handedin D. May handedinB.40.She _ to a hospital at once. A.

40、 must send B. must be sent C. must to be sent D. had to sendB.41. Mike usually _ up at six in the morning. A. get B. gets C. got D. will getB.42. The sun _ us light and heat. A. give B. gives C. will give D. often giveA.43.Tom looked sad and cried , “ I _ terrible !” A. am feeling B feels C. will fe

41、el D. have feltD.44.At that time , things _ hard for the working people. A. is B. are C. was D. wereD.45. Long long ago, there _ a farmer in a small village. A. are B. were C. is D. livedC.46. Could you show me the way to No, 5 Middle School ? Im afraid I couldnt . I _ never _ there. A. dogo B. didg

42、o C. havebeen D. had beenC.47. We _ a meeting these days. A. have B. had C. are having D. were havingA.48. The oldest kind of computer _ the abacus.A. is B. was C. has been D. have beenB.49. I _ the boy in the classroom just now . A. see B. saw C. have seen D. had seenD.50. Mr Black was surprised, “

43、 I _ I lost my wallet. “ A. know B. dont know C. knew D. didnt knowD.51.The guard said, “ I am sorry. I _ .” A. dont know it is you B. didnt know it is you C. dont know it was you D. didnt know it was youB.52.The fisherman said to the Genie, “ Youre so big and jar is so small. _ you really in the ja

44、r ?” A. Are B. Were C. Was D. Wasnt B.53.He is going to be a doctor when he _. A. grow up B. grows up C. will grow up D. is going to grow upB.54. Grandma said she would tell me a story when she _. A. has time B. had time C. would have time D. would has timeB.55. Ill tell him all about it as soon as

45、he _. A. come back B. comes back C. will come back D. is going come backB.56. _ we set off right away ? A. Will B. Shall C. Are D. DoD.57. It seems it _. A. will rain B. shall rain C. rains D. is going to rainA.58. My little sister _ six next month. A. will be B. shall be C. can be D. is going to B.

46、59. Go down the street and turn right at the first crossing . You _ our school. A. find B. will find C. shall find D. are going to findA.60. Its nothing serious. Your son _ all right by supper time. A. will be B. shall be C. is D. is going to beB.61. Work hard, and you _ catch up with the others. A.

47、 can be B. Will C. shall D. are going to C.62. Where is Jenny ? She _ in the next room. A. do some reading B. does some reading C. is doing some reading D. will do some reading D.63. Look! Tom _ in the river. A. go swimming B. goes swimming C. going to swimming D. is swimmingD.64. His sister _ _ cak

48、es. Thats why her hands are all covered with flour （面粉）. A. makes B. made C. will make D. is makingC.65. Listen carefully ! Can you hear what the professor _ ? A. talks about B. talked about C. is talking about D. will talk aboutC.66. What _ you _ this time yesterday ? A. dodo B. aredoing C. weredoi

49、ng D. woulddoD.67. When I got there, the Browns _ at the lunch table. A. is siting B. are sitting C. was siting D. were sittingC.68. It suddenly began to rain while I _ the bus. A. wait B. waited C. was waiting for D. were waiting forC.69. It _ hard when I was on my way to the cinema. A. rain B. rai

50、ning C. was raining D. were rainingB.70. The train will arrive _. A. after an hour B. in an hour C. an hour later D. for an hourC.71. How may English films _ since last year ? A. do you see B. did you see C. have you seen D. had you seenC.72. _ the film yet ? Yes. I _ it just now. A. Do you seesee B. Did you seehave seen C. Have you seensaw D. Have you seenhave seenC.73. Mr Smith works in Beijing. He _ since 1978. A. has come there B. has came