化學(xué)工程與工藝專業(yè)英語緒論2

1、Concise 精練精練logical邏輯邏輯Objective客觀客觀The whole experiments were conducted in three steps.The three steps were adding the solution into the beaker, raising the temperature to 80oC, and mataining the temperature for 15 min.We controlled the temperature between 90-100oC.The distillation tower is 10 mete

2、rs high.Shortening the reaction time to 10 min is too difficult.My name is XXX. I come form XXX. Now, Im a 3-year college student. My major is XXX. Although I enjoy music and lots of sports, XXX is my favorite. As to my character, Im a optimistic boy (or girl). I like English, but my oral (or spoken

3、) English is not very good. Last time, My CET-4 exam was failed.I hope I have good luck this time. By the way, nice to meet you (glad to see you). Thanks. Personal IntroductionContentChemical Process IndustryChemical TechnologyChemical EngineeringFrontiers of Chemical EngineeringChemical Process Ind

4、ustrywelcome to use these PowerPoint templates, New Content design, 10 years experienceChemical IndustryMathematicsChemistryPhysicsBiologyEconomicsNatural GasNatural GasAirAirCoalCoalEnergyEnergyMineralsMineralsIs the chemical industry capital- or labor-intensive?Line1. date back （to）追溯至Line2. It ma

5、y be considered to It: chemical industry化工產(chǎn)業(yè)是資本密集型的還是勞動(dòng)力密集型的？Line4. alkali 堿 bleaching 漂白 silicon 二氧化硅sodium carbonate 碳酸鈉 inorganic 無機(jī)的Line4-5. soapmaking and glassmakingLine5. It will be noted (注意到)that these are all inorganic chemicals.Para.1The Origins of the Chemistry IndustryLine8: emphasis on

6、 research on pay off 還清,使人得益,有報(bào)償 handsomely 可觀的 handsomeLine9: cause result in the result result result from cause Line10: base on, due to, attribute to(because)Line6: syntheticsynthesissynthesizeLine6. exploitation dyestuff = dye+stuffLine7. mauve 苯胺紫（染料）contact process for sulphuric acid 接觸法硫酸生產(chǎn)工藝

7、plus. Prep .加.加上breakthrough n, (軍事)突圍，突破，（科技）重大成就，關(guān)鍵問題的解決。The latter required a major technological breakthrough that of being able to carry out chemical reactions under conditions of very high pressure for the first time.The experience gained with this was to stand Germany in good stead. stand sb

8、. in good stead 給某人好處，對(duì)某人有用Line10-12Line11Line13Germany ChemistryHumboldt (Humboldt (洪堡洪堡) )scholarshipscholarshipWiley231Line16: initiate 創(chuàng)始，開始（vt.） start, originate, launchsulphuric 硫的ammonia 氨（水）ammonium 銨（基）fertilizer 肥料nitric （含）氮的，硝 酸根的Line1: at a remarkable rateat the rate of 120km/h顯著的，明顯的re

9、markable, apparent, dramatic, obvious, distict, clear Line2: 重要的significantmajorimportant4Line14-15Para.2 Line2: lion 最好的部分 share 份額 the lions share 較大部分，最大部分Line2-3: due to 由于petrochemical = petrol + chemicalLine3-4: the explosive growth 形容速度快（fast, quick）largely due to 主要的，大部分的 (mainly)enormous 巨大

10、Line5: polymer 聚合物 polyethylene 聚乙烯 polypropylene 聚丙烯 nylon 尼龍 polyester 聚酯 epoxy 環(huán)氧樹脂 resin 樹脂 diverse 不同的，互異的，多種的，多樣的 (versatile)within which it plays a central role. which: manufacturing industry it: chemical industryThese products are purchased被動(dòng)語態(tài)non-stick coating(不粘表面，不粘涂層) for pans or a weedk

11、iller (weed+killer 除草劑)Thus = Therefore = As a result =SoPara.3alkali 堿silicon 二氧化硅inorganic 無機(jī)的organic 有機(jī)的syntheticsynthesissynthesizesulphuric 硫的ammonia 氨（水）nitric （含）氮的，硝酸根的Short Reviewdate back （to）追溯至It will be noted 注意到cause result in the resultbase on, due to, attribute to(because)顯著的，明顯的rema

12、rkable, apparent, dramaticobvious, distict, clear重要的重要的significant, major, important, topThus = Therefore = As a result =SoThe efforts that have been made to explain optical phenomena by means of the hypothesis of a medium havingthe same physical character as an elastic solid body led, in the first

13、instance, to the understanding of a concrete example of a medium which can transmit transverse vibrations, and at a later stage to the definite conclusionthat there is no luminiferous medium having the physical character assumed in the hypothesis. 為了解釋光學(xué)現(xiàn)象，人們?cè)噲D假定有一種具有為了解釋光學(xué)現(xiàn)象，人們?cè)噲D假定有一種具有與彈性固體相同的物理

14、性質(zhì)的介質(zhì)。這種嘗試的結(jié)果，與彈性固體相同的物理性質(zhì)的介質(zhì)。這種嘗試的結(jié)果，最初曾使人們了解到一種能傳輸橫向振動(dòng)的介質(zhì)的具體實(shí)例，最初曾使人們了解到一種能傳輸橫向振動(dòng)的介質(zhì)的具體實(shí)例，進(jìn)一步使人們得到明確的結(jié)論，即沒有具有上述假定所認(rèn)為進(jìn)一步使人們得到明確的結(jié)論，即沒有具有上述假定所認(rèn)為的那種物理性質(zhì)的發(fā)光介質(zhì)。的那種物理性質(zhì)的發(fā)光介質(zhì)。 Line 1-5Long sentenceAt the turn of the century there would have been little difficulty in defining what constituted the chemical

15、 industry since only a very limited range of products was manufactured and these were clearly chemicals, e.g., alkali, sulphuric acid. At present, however, many thousands of chemicals are produced, from raw materials like crude oil through(in some cases) many intermediates to products which may be u

16、sed directly as consumer goods, or readily converted into them. 2. Definition of the Chemical IndustryLine 1-5Short sentenceAt the turn of the century there would have been little difficulty in definationThe defination what constituted the chemical industry little difficulty is because:only a very l

17、imited range of products was manufactured these were clearly chemicals, e.g., alkali, sulphuric acid.At present (different cases)many thousands of chemicals are producedThe products are from raw materials to productsThe raw materials: like crude oil through many intermediatesThe products may be used

18、 directly as consumer goods, or1. readily converted into them. Line5-7Line7-8The difficultly comes in deciding at which point in this sequence the particular operation ceases to be part of the chemical industrys sphere of activities。dilemma 困境，進(jìn)退兩難emulsion 乳膠，乳液poly (vinyl chloride) 聚氯乙烯（PVC） ?poly

19、(vinyl acetate) 聚醋酸乙烯酯 （PVA） ?Line9-12polymerization 聚合（polymerpolymerize）formulation 配方，組成ingredient 混合物的成分 decorate 裝飾（verb） 困難在于在這個(gè)連續(xù)過程中困難在于在這個(gè)連續(xù)過程中哪一點(diǎn)特定的操作哪一點(diǎn)特定的操作終止了化學(xué)工業(yè)范圍的活動(dòng)部分。終止了化學(xué)工業(yè)范圍的活動(dòng)部分。 Para.2It is therefore apparent that, because of its diversity of operations and close links in many ar

20、eas with other industries, there is no simple definition of the chemical industry. 因此，很明顯的，由于化學(xué)工業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)的多樣性及其在許多方面與其他行業(yè)的密切聯(lián)系，沒有了化學(xué)工業(yè)的簡(jiǎn)單定義。Instead each official body which collects and publishes statistics on manufacturing industry will have its definition as to which operations are classified as “the ch

21、emical industry” . 而是負(fù)責(zé)收集和發(fā)布制造業(yè)統(tǒng)計(jì)信息的每一個(gè)官方機(jī)構(gòu)，對(duì)于哪些業(yè)務(wù)被歸為“化學(xué)工業(yè)”有其自己的定義。 1bear 多個(gè)意思載運(yùn)，負(fù)荷，有，顯示，懷有（情感）, 適合于，生（孩子），生產(chǎn)，忍受，具有.3derived from 源于2statistical 統(tǒng)計(jì)的statistics (n.) 統(tǒng)計(jì)statistician 統(tǒng)計(jì)員3. The Need for Chemical Industry Line 2Line 4Line 5tremendous 巨大的，非常的同義詞：enormousemencemagnificantgreathugePara.1phar

22、maceutical 制藥的pharmaceutics制藥學(xué)pharmacist藥劑師provided.=if.如果，假如Line 1pose n.姿勢(shì)，偽裝，態(tài)度；vi.vt.擺姿勢(shì)，提出，講述 paramount最高的，高于優(yōu)于（to） primarydominantchieftopmain mostin ones turn值班替代依次吃穿住行food clothing shelter(housing) transport(traveling) Para.2Line 6Line 6Line 7nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 氮，磷，鉀 N, P, Kp

23、esticides 殺蟲劑（pest+cide） veterinary 獸醫(yī) livestock 家畜 infection 感染，傳染病Bacterial 細(xì)菌的 bacteriaantibiotic 抗生素 （anti+biatic）crease-resistant, machine-washable, drip-dry or non-iron防皺，可機(jī)洗，速干并且免燙 span 跨度 hue 色彩 spectrum 光譜resistance to 阻止 garment 衣物Para.3-7in terms of 根據(jù)，就而言，在方面as to based on substantial 豐富的 (