高一英語名詞性從句課件用

1、英語句子概論人教新課標高一英語期末語人教新課標高一英語期末語法復(fù)習(xí)法復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句名詞性從句精品課件精品課件英語句子的種類英語句子的種類簡單句簡單句 (simple sentence)并列句并列句 (compound sentence)復(fù)合句復(fù)合句 (complex sentence)簡單句的五種簡單句的五種基本基本句型句型The weather is very cold.主語主語+謂語（連系動詞）謂語（連系動詞）+表語表語He laughed.主語主語+謂語（謂語（vi.）I like Chinese food.主語主語+謂語謂語(vt.)+賓語賓語She taught them physi

2、cs.主語主語+謂語謂語(vt.)+間接賓語間接賓語+直接賓語直接賓語We must keep the room warm. 主語主語+謂語謂語(vt.) +賓語賓語+賓語補足語賓語補足語 并列句并列句 把兩個或幾個簡單句用把兩個或幾個簡單句用并列連詞并列連詞連接起來。連接起來。 I turned on the TV. My sister and I watched it. I turned on the TV and my sister and I watched it. I bought my sister a present. She didnt like it. I bought my

3、 sister a present,but she didnt like it. 并列句并列句并列句并列句常用并列連詞常用并列連詞:v平行平行并列連詞并列連詞: v轉(zhuǎn)折轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞：并列連詞：v因果因果并列連詞并列連詞: v選擇選擇并列連詞并列連詞:and, bothand, not only but also, neithernorbut, however, while, yet, or,eitherorfor, so復(fù)合句復(fù)合句:主句主句+從句從句名詞名詞性從句性從句定語從句定語從句狀語從句狀語從句主語從句主語從句表語從句表語從句賓語從句賓語從句同位語從句同位語從句Noun Clause名

4、詞性從句在功能上相當于名詞名詞性從句在功能上相當于名詞, 在復(fù)合句在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語主語、賓語、表語、同位語等。等。主語主語 His job is important.What he does is important.表語表語This is his job.This is what he does every day. 賓語賓語I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.同位語同位語I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the

5、 fact that he is a teacher.Practice time：指出下列各名詞性從句的種類。指出下列各名詞性從句的種類。1. At lunchtime, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.2. She wondered if the buses would still be running.3. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.4. She

6、 sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat.5. When we will start is not clear.6. I had no idea that you were her friend.賓語從句賓語從句賓語從句賓語從句表語從句表語從句賓語從句賓語從句主語從句主語從句同位語從句同位語從句Object Clauses 賓語從句賓語從句1. I know him . 2. I know who he is . 主語主語謂語謂語賓語賓語（簡單句）（簡單句）主語主語謂語謂語賓賓 語語 從從 句句連詞連詞 從句

7、主語從句主語 從句謂語從句謂語 主主 句句（復(fù)合句）（復(fù)合句）句子做賓語就是賓語從句句子做賓語就是賓語從句，跟在，跟在及物動詞及物動詞或或介詞介詞后后句子結(jié)構(gòu)：句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主句主句 + +連詞（引導(dǎo)詞）連詞（引導(dǎo)詞）+ + 賓語從句。賓語從句。賓語從句的注意事項賓語從句的注意事項 引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞 句子類型句子類型 that陳述句陳述句一般疑問句一般疑問句if/whether (是否是否)特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞特殊疑問句特殊疑問句 一、連詞（引導(dǎo)詞）一、連詞（引導(dǎo)詞） 1. 當賓語從句是當賓語從句是陳述句陳述句時（包括肯定句和時（包括肯定句和否定句），連詞否定句），連詞由由that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)，因為，因為

8、that在從在從句中句中不作任何成分不作任何成分，也，也沒有任何具體意思沒有任何具體意思，因此在口語或非正式文體中因此在口語或非正式文體中常省略。常省略。vLin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. vShe says (that) she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.vJim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party. 賓語從句中的連接詞賓語從句中的連接詞that在以下三種情況下在以下三種情況下不能省略：

9、不能省略：（1）當）當that 從句與另一名詞性從句并列作賓語時，從句與另一名詞性從句并列作賓語時，第二個第二個that不能?。徊荒苁?；（2）當）當that從句作從句作介詞賓語介詞賓語時，時，that不可省掉。不可省掉。（3）用）用it做做形式賓語形式賓語的賓語從句。的賓語從句。Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.I think it necessary that you should read Englis

10、h aloud.在主句為動詞在主句為動詞be加某些形容詞（如加某些形容詞（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表語時，后面所跟等）作表語時，后面所跟的省略的省略that的從句也可算是的從句也可算是賓語從句。賓語從句。vIm sorry (that) I dont know .vWere sure (that) our team will win .vIm afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .2. 當賓語當賓語從句是一般疑問句從句是一般疑問句時，由連詞時，由連詞whether或或if引導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)， “是否是否”，不能省略。，不能省略。vL

11、ily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .vLets see if /whether we can find out some information about that city .vShe asked me if /whether she could borrow these books .1).whether和和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句 a.當有當有or not時就用時就用whether,不用不用if.I dont know whether or not I will stay.b.介詞介

12、詞后面的賓語從句不能用后面的賓語從句不能用if. I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.c. whether也可與動詞不定式連用但也可與動詞不定式連用但if不能。不能。I have not decided whether to go or not. d）whether常與常與or連用表示一種選擇，連用表示一種選擇，if不能這樣用不能這樣用The question of whether they are male or female is not important. 注意注意 whether和和if的使用區(qū)別的使用區(qū)別:Practice timeif

13、 / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. Were worried about _ he is safe.3. I dont know _ he is well or not.4. I dont know _ or not he is well.5. I dont know _ I should go. if / whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether/if_ to go.whether3. 當賓語從句是當賓語從句是特殊疑問句特殊疑問句時，由時，由疑問詞疑問詞（what, who, whom, which, who

14、se when, where, how, why等等）引導(dǎo)，因為疑問詞在）引導(dǎo)，因為疑問詞在從句中擔(dān)任一定的句子成分，具有一定的從句中擔(dān)任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意義，所以意義，所以不可以省略。不可以省略。vDo you know what he said just now ?v I dont remember when we arrived .v I asked him where I could get so much money .v Please tell me who whom we have to see .v Do you know what time the plane le

15、aves ?1.I dont know _ is your brother. Is the man in dark glasses?2.I dont know _ of the boys is your brother.3.I dont know _ good they will do.4.Im worried about _ he will soon get well.5.I want to know _she has gone shopping.6.We wondered _ that was a spy or not.whowhichwhatwhetherwhether/ifwhethe

16、rvThey have decided _ they will leave for New York. That is next Sunday.vWe dont know _ they didnt finish the job in time.vMother was pleased _ her daughter had passed the college exams.vMadam Curie discovered _ she called radium.vWould you mind telling me _language your friend speaks?vWould you min

17、d telling me _language your friend speaks, English or French?whenwhythatwhatwhatwhich二、時態(tài)二、時態(tài)1. 1. 如果如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時態(tài)主句是現(xiàn)在的時態(tài) （包括一般現(xiàn)在時（包括一般現(xiàn)在時 ， 現(xiàn)在進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時），現(xiàn)在進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時），從句的時態(tài)可根從句的時態(tài)可根 據(jù)實際情況而定據(jù)實際情況而定，（包括一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過，（包括一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過 去時，一般將來時，現(xiàn)在完成時等）。去時，一般將來時，現(xiàn)在完成時等）。vI know he lives here .vI know he lived here

18、ten years ago . vI have heard that he will come tomorrow .2.如果主句是過去的時態(tài)如果主句是過去的時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過（包括一般過去時，過去進行時），去進行時），那么從句的時態(tài)一定要用相對應(yīng)那么從句的時態(tài)一定要用相對應(yīng)的過去的某種時態(tài)的過去的某種時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進（包括一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，行時，過去將來時， 過去完成時）過去完成時）vI knew who lived here. vI saw she was talking with her mother. vHe asked whether his fat

19、her would come back tomorrow. vHe said that he had seen it .3.3.當從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理當從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理 時用時用一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時。三、語序三、語序賓語從句的語序用賓語從句的語序用陳述語序陳述語序：連接詞連接詞+ +主語主語+ +謂語謂語+ +其他成分。其他成分。I dont know what is the matter the troublewrong with him.1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he wil

20、l go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library . 2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what he wants to buy . I dont know what does he want to buy .四四.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移當主句謂語動詞是當主句謂語動詞是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等詞，而賓語從句的意思是否定時，常把等詞，而賓語從句的意思是否定時，常把否定前否定前移移至主句表示。至主句表示

21、。I dont think you are right.I dont think it is right for him to treat you like that.I dont believe that man is killed by Jim, _?I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, _?We suppose you have finished the project, _?is he?wont she/he? havent you?當主句的主語是第二、三人稱時，其反義疑問句一般當主句的主語是第二、三人稱時，其反

22、義疑問句一般與主句保持一致。與主句保持一致。1.Your sister supposes she needs no help, _?2.You thought they could have completed the project, _?3.They dont believe shes an engineer,_? 4.She doesnt expect that we are coming so soon, _?doesnt she didnt youdo theydoes she1. The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. eith

23、er B. that C. weather D. whether2. We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that5. Could

24、you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station6. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like7. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrive

25、d C. who she was waiting D. where did you live8. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 9. Could you tell me how long _ ? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a

26、member of Greener China10. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing . A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt go C. rains , wont go D. rain , will go Predicative Clauses 表語從句表語從句表語從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從表語從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句句,放在放在系動詞系動詞之后之后,一般結(jié)構(gòu)是一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語主語+系動詞系動詞+表語從句表語從句”?？梢越颖碚Z從句的系動詞有可以接表語從句的系動詞有be, lo

27、ok, remain, seem連接詞連接詞：that / whether /as if /as though （ if 不引導(dǎo)表語從句不引導(dǎo)表語從句) who / whom / whose / which / what when / where / why / how / becauseThe question is whether we can rely on him.Thats because we were in need of money at that time .He looked as if he was going to cry .Thats why I was late .

28、注注 意：意：1.在表語從句中，表在表語從句中，表“是否是否” 時，只能用時，只能用 “whether”不能用不能用“if”。2.一般情況下，一般情況下，“that”不能省。不能省。3. It is /was because . It is /was why. 3. The reason (why/for)is /was that.4 The reason is because /whythat .1. Thats _ the Party called on us to do. A. why B. what C. how D. that 2. The reason is _ he is una

29、ble to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. Whether3 .That is _ they separated. A. that B. what C. which D. where 4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. when Subject Clauses 主語從句主語從句主語從句：從句在句中充當主語成分。主語從句：從句在句中充當主語成分。1) That he will succeed is certain .

30、2) Whether he will go there is not known .3) What he said is not true .4) Where he hid the money is to be found out .5) Whoever comes is welcome.6) Its certain that he will succeed .7) How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 8) When theyll start the project has not been decided y

31、et.一一. 由由 that 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)that 無意義無意義, 后接一個完整的句子后接一個完整的句子. that 不可省。不可省。1. That we shall be late is certain.2. _ is known to all. (地球是圓的地球是圓的)3. _ is a pity. (你錯過了這次機會你錯過了這次機會) That the earth is roundThat you missed the chance二二 whether “if” 不能引導(dǎo)主語從句不能引導(dǎo)主語從句三三. 疑問詞疑問詞引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞 注意一注意一:主語從句后置主語從句后置! 為了避免主語冗長免主語

32、冗長,句子頭重腳輕句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常經(jīng)常用用it作形式主作形式主語語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語主語從句放在后面作真正的主語.That we shall be late is certain.- Its certain that we shall be late.1. That the earth is round is known to all.- 2. That you missed the chance is a pity.- 由連詞由連詞 whether, 連接代詞連接代詞 what, who, which和和連接副詞連接副詞 when,where,why,how 等引導(dǎo)等引導(dǎo),也常

33、常后置也常常后置: It is a pity that you missed the chance.Its known to all that the earth is round.It 的用法：的用法： （形式主語）（形式主語） It possible/important/necessary/clear that很可能很可能/重要的是重要的是/必要的是必要的是/很清楚很清楚 Its said/ reported that.據(jù)說據(jù)說/據(jù)報道據(jù)報道 Its been announced/declared that.已經(jīng)通知已經(jīng)通知/宣布宣布 It seems/appears/happens. t

34、hat 顯然、明顯、碰巧顯然、明顯、碰巧. Its no wonder that并不奇怪并不奇怪/無疑無疑 Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (眾所周知眾所周知/ a common saying.（俗話說）（俗話說）v注意二注意二v注意：主語從句中注意：主語從句中 ，謂語動詞一般用，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)單數(shù)vWhat引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可根據(jù)引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可根據(jù)表語表語決定決定vWhat he needs _ that book.vWhat he needs _ some books.isare what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時在從句中引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時在從句中充當

35、充當句子成分句子成分,如主語如主語,賓語賓語,表語表語,而而that則則不然不然,它在句子中它在句子中只起連接作用只起連接作用。例如：。例如：(1) What you said yesterday is right.(2) That she is still alive is a puzzle.注意三：注意三：What 與與 that 引導(dǎo)主語從句引導(dǎo)主語從句 1._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 2. _well go camping tomorrow de

36、pends on the weather . A If B Whether C That D Where 3._ is known to us all is that America is a developed country_the First World.a.Which; belong to b. As, belonged to c. What; belonging to d. It; belonging to4. Its known to us all _ a form of energy . A. water is B. that water is C. is water D. th

37、at water to 5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. whether B. that C. what D. when6.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have同位語從句同位語從句 1. 跟在某些名詞后面，對該名詞作進一步解釋說明。跟在某些名詞后面，對該名詞作進一步解釋說明。常用名詞有常用名詞有belief, fact, idea, hope, news, doubt, result, thought, inf

38、ormation, opinion等。等。Suggestion, suggest order demand wish等等2. 常用連詞：常用連詞：that; when, where, why, howe.g. 1.消息傳來，拿破侖要來視察他的軍隊。消息傳來，拿破侖要來視察他的軍隊。2.問題是他如何做這件事的。問題是他如何做這件事的。 Word came that Napoleon would come and inspect his grand army. Its the question how he did it.注意：注意：1. 1.同位語從句多用that 引導(dǎo)，無意義不可省。2. 2.

39、在have no idea之后常用wh-引導(dǎo)同位語從句。I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news la

40、st night._ The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot._We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.4.Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea.5.Chinese students should be given m

41、ore free time./ The suggestion is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.3.Teenagers should not spend too much time online./ Many British parents hold the view._Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online._There is no scientific proof for the ide

42、a that time travel is possible._The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.比較：比較：1.We expressed the hope that they had expected.我們表達了他們曾經(jīng)表達過的那種希望。我們表達了他們曾經(jīng)表達過的那種希望。2.We expressed the hope that they would come to visit Chi

43、na again.我們希望他們再來中國訪問。我們希望他們再來中國訪問。定語從句定語從句同位語從句同位語從句區(qū)別區(qū)別that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句和定語從引導(dǎo)的同位語從句和定語從句：句：1.1. 引導(dǎo)同位語的連詞引導(dǎo)同位語的連詞thatthat在句中在句中不作任何句不作任何句子成分子成分，而在定語從句中，而在定語從句中，thatthat充當?shù)目沙洚數(shù)目梢允且允菑木涞闹髡Z或賓語從句的主語或賓語等。等。2.2. 同位語從句是對前面名詞的內(nèi)容的同位語從句是對前面名詞的內(nèi)容的具體說具體說明明，而定語從句是對前面名詞，而定語從句是對前面名詞進行修飾，進行修飾，解釋為解釋為“. .的的”3.3. 連詞連詞that

44、that在同位語從句中在同位語從句中不可省略不可省略, ,而在而在定語從句中當它充當定語從句中當它充當賓語時可以省略賓語時可以省略。Practice :判斷下列各句是同位語判斷下列各句是同位語從句還是定語從句從句還是定語從句v1. They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.v2. The hope that she expressed is that they would come to visit China again. v3.The fact that she works hard is well

45、known to us all. v4. I cant stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly. 同位語從句同位語從句定語從句定語從句同位語從句同位語從句同位語從句同位語從句1. _made the school proud was _more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities . A What / because B What / that C That / what D That / because2._she couldnt unders

46、tand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons . A What / why B That / what C What / because D Why / that BAB3. He is absent from school . It is _ he is seriously ill. A. why B. because C. that D. the reason4 _has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising . A Who B The o

47、ne C Anyone D Whoever 5. Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities . A that B how C where D what DA6 - I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week . - Is that _you had a few days off ? A why B when C what D where 7 -Are you still thinking abo

48、ut yesterdays game ? - Oh ,thats _. A what makes me feel excited B whatever I feel excited about C how I feel about it D when I feel excited AA9 ._ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect . A What B That C This D Which 10. When you answer question

49、s in a job interview ,please remember the golden rule : Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants . A what B which C when D that 11. We made the suggestion that he _ his work . A continues B continue C continued D had continued BAB12.There will be a special price for _ buys things in large number he

50、re.A. who B. whom C. whoever D. Whomever13. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game .A.why B. what C. who D. that (05)14.The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. (05) A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever14.Many newspaper printed the governors stateme

51、nt _ would support a tax cut. A.and he B. was that he C which he D that he 15._ man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun.B.Which B. How C. What D. That 16.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. However B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 1. Ca

52、n you make sure _ the gold rings?A. where she had put B. where had she put C. where she has put D. where has she put2.The reason that has been such a success _ he never gives up. A. is B. is because C. is that D. is what3. _ breaks the law should be punished. A Whoever B. No matter who C. Anyone D.

53、Who 4. That is _ I had to take the risk of being washed away. A. why B. reason why C. how D. what5. Do _ you think is right _ difficulties you may have. A. what ;however B. that ;whatever C. whatever ; whoever D. what; whatever6.The workers considered it important _ the boss would agree to give them

54、 a rise. A. whether B. how C. where D. which 7. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether8. Difficulty lies _ we have no money. A. that B. in that C. in the fact D. in the fact that10. I dont think the question _ they are old

55、 or young is important. A. which B. whether C. how D. why13. The news _ Lincoln was murdered filled the American peoples hearts with deep sorrow. A. which B. when C. that D. how 14. _ he said at the meeting astonished everyone present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter15. I dont trust his promise _ he will buy