植物生理學(xué)中英文對照

1、一畫乙醛酸體glyoxysome乙醛酸循環(huán)glyoxylate cycle，GAC乙醇酸glycolate，glycolic acid乙醇酸氧化酶glycolate oxidase乙醇酸氧化途徑glycolic acid oxidation pathway乙醇脫氫酶alcohol dehydrogenase乙烯ethylene乙烯利ethrel二畫二型性別dimorphism二苯脲diphenylurea二酰甘油diacylglycerol，DG，DAG二硝基酚dinitrophenol，DNP 11,3-二磷酸甘油酸1,3-bisphosphoglycerate二氧化碳猝發(fā)CO2 outbu

2、rst二氧化碳飽和點(diǎn)CO2 saturation point二氧化碳補(bǔ)償點(diǎn)CO2 compensation point二氨丙烷diaminopropane2，4-二氯苯氧乙酸2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid,2,4-D二氫玉米素dihydrozeatin二氫吡咯pyrroline二氫紅花菜豆酸dihydrophaseic acid二羥丙酮磷酸dihydroxyacetone phosphate，DHAP人工種子artificial seeds兒茶酚氧化酶catechol oxidase三畫三十烷醇1-triacontanol三碘苯甲酸2，3，5-triiodoben

3、zoic acid，TIBA三氯苯氧乙酸t(yī)richlorophenoxyacetic acid三重反應(yīng)triple response 293三羧酸循環(huán)tricarboxylic acid cycle，TCAC干旱drought干旱脅迫drought stress土壤植物大氣連續(xù)體soil-plant-atmosphere continuum,SPAC下調(diào)作用down regulation大纖絲macrofibril大量元素major element，微量元素macroelement小孔擴(kuò)散律small pore diffusion law尸胺cadaverine 299己糖磷酸途徑hexose

4、 monophosphate pathway，HMP己糖激酶hexokinase馬來酰肼maleic hydrazide,MH四畫開放體系open system天然單性結(jié)實(shí)natural parthenocarpy天冬氨酸aspartate,Asp天冬氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酶aspartate amino transferase天線色素antenna pigment無土栽培soilless culture無融合生殖apomixis無輻射退激radiationless deexcitation無氧呼吸anaerobic respiration 1無氧呼吸消失點(diǎn)anaerobic respiration ext

5、inction point無籽果實(shí)seedless fruit無限生長indeterminate growth無孢子生殖apospory無絲分裂a(bǔ)mitosis木酮糖5 磷酸xylulose-5-phosphate木質(zhì)素lignin支鏈淀粉amylopectin區(qū)域化compartmentation瓦伯格效應(yīng)Warburg effect日中性植物day neutral plant中日照植物intermediate day length plant中央液泡central vacuole34 中間植物34 intermediate plant中間絲intermediate filament中層mi

6、ddle lamella水培hydroponics水培法water culture method水勢water potential水楊基氧肟酸salicylhydroxamate，SHAM水楊酸salicylic acid,SA水生植物hydrophytes水氧化鐘water oxidizing clock水合補(bǔ)償點(diǎn)hydration compensation point水分虧缺water deficit水分平衡water balance水分臨界期critical period of water水分代謝water bolism水溶清蛋白albumin水通道蛋白water channel pro

7、tein水孔蛋白aquaporins內(nèi)吞endocytosis內(nèi)聚力cohesion內(nèi)聚力學(xué)說cohesion theory內(nèi)在蛋白intrinsic protein內(nèi)酯酶lactonase內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)換internal conversion內(nèi)向K +通道inward K + channel ，內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)endoplasmic reticulum,ER內(nèi)膜endomembrane內(nèi)能internal energy貝殼杉烯kaurene氣培法aeroponics氣相色譜gas chromatography氣腔網(wǎng)絡(luò)air space netwotk氣穴現(xiàn)象cavitation氣孔開度stomatal aper

8、ture氣孔運(yùn)動(dòng)stomatal movement氣孔蒸騰stomatal transpiration氣孔下腔substomatal cavities氣孔頻度stomatal frequency毛管水capillary water毛細(xì)作用capillarity長日植物long day plant長短日植物long short day plant片層lamellae化學(xué)勢chemical potential化學(xué)信號chemical signal化學(xué)滲透學(xué)說chemiosmotic theory反向傳遞antiport反饋抑制feedback inhibition反饋調(diào)節(jié)feedback regu

9、lation反應(yīng)中心reaction center ，反應(yīng)中心色素分子reaction center pigment介電常數(shù)dielectric constant分支酶branching enzyme分化differentiation分泌囊泡secretory vesicles比熱容specific heat比集運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)速率specific mass transfer rate，SMTR比久B9,二甲胺基琥珀酰胺酸 dimethyl aminosuccinamic acid巴斯德效應(yīng)Pasteur effect雙“S”形生長曲線double sigmoid growth curve雙光系統(tǒng)two

10、photosystem雙向運(yùn)輸bidirectional transport雙受精double fertilization五畫末端氧化酶terminal oxidase玉米素zeatin，ZT玉米素核苷zeatin riboside玉米素順反異構(gòu)酶zeatin cistrans isomerase玉米赤霉烯酮zearaienone正常性種子orthodox seed正化學(xué)信號positive chemical signal正向重性positive gravitropism正效應(yīng)物positive effector去春化作用devernalization去極化depolarization去鎂葉綠

11、素pheophytin，Pheo甘氨酸甜菜堿glycine betaine甘油三酯triacylglycerols,TAG甘油3 磷酸glycerol-3-phosphate甘油3 磷酸脫氫酶glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase甘油醛3 磷酸glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate，GAP甘油醛3 磷酸脫氫酶ghyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase甘油酸激酶glycerate kinase可溶性氧化酶soluble oxidase可溶性淀粉合成酶soluble starch synthase丙酮酸pyruvat

12、e丙酮酸磷酸二激酶pyruvate phosphate dikinase PPPk丙酮酸脫氫酶復(fù)合體pyruvic acid dehydrogenase complex丙酮酸脫羧酶pyruvic acid decarboxylase丙酮酸激酶pyruvate kinase丙氨酸甜菜堿alaninebetaine丙糖磷酸異構(gòu)酶triose phosphate isomerase戊糖磷酸途徑pentose phosphate pathway，PPP平衡壓力balance pressure平衡石statolith平衡溶液balance solution平衡細(xì)胞statocyles滅光信號light

13、off signal卡爾文循環(huán)Calvin cycle葉黃素xanthophyll葉面營養(yǎng)foliar nutrition葉面積系數(shù)leaf area index，LAI葉肉細(xì)胞mesophyll cell葉綠素chlorophyll,Chl葉綠體chloroplast葉綠體被膜chloroplast envelope5-甲硫基核苷5-methylthioribose甲硫氨酸methionine甲瓦龍酸甲羥戊酸mevalonic acid電中性electroneutrality電化學(xué)勢electrochemical potential電負(fù)性electronegative田間持水量field c

14、apacity四氫吡喃芐基腺嘌呤 tetrahydropyranyl benzyladenine生理堿性鹽physiologically alkaline salt生理酸性鹽physiologically acid salt生理中性鹽physiologically neutral salt生理鐘physiological clock生理休眠physiological dormancy生殖生長reproductive growth生殖細(xì)胞無孢子生殖generatine apospory生物大分子biomacromolecule生物固氮biological nitrogen fixation生物鐘

15、biological clock生物氧化biological oxidation生物分子biomolecule生物膜biomembrane生長growth生長素auxin生長素梯度學(xué)說auxin gradient theory生長素 賴氨酸合成酶IAA lysinesynthetase生長素結(jié)合蛋白auxin binding protein生長抑制劑growth inhibitor生長大周期grand period of growth生長呼吸growth respiration生長延緩劑growth retardant生長的周期性growth periodicity生長效率growth eff

16、iciency生長發(fā)育growth and development生命周期life cycle生色團(tuán)chromophore代謝bolism代謝庫bolic sink代謝源bolic source外排exocytosis外植體explant外在蛋白extrinsic protein外連絲ectodesmata外向K通道outward K + channel外膜outer membrane饑餓基因famine gene主動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)active transport主動(dòng)吸水a(chǎn)ctive absorption of water主動(dòng)吸收active absorption主宰酶master enzyme主導(dǎo)庫d

17、ominant sink半醌semiquinone半支蓮醛potulai半透膜semipermeable membrane半自主性細(xì)胞器semiautonomous organelle半月苔酸lunlaric acid半纖維素hemicellulose它感化合物allelochemical必需元素essential element永久萎蔫permanent wilting永久萎蔫系數(shù)permanent wilting coefficient皮孔蒸騰lenticular transpiration發(fā)酵fermentation發(fā)育development對氯汞苯磺酸parachloro-mercur

18、ibenzene sulfonate幼年期juvenile phase絲狀亞基fibrous subunits絲氨酸serine絲氨酸羥甲基轉(zhuǎn)移酶 serine glyoxylate aminotransferase六畫動(dòng)作電位action potential，AP動(dòng)力蛋白dynamin老化aging共振傳遞resonance transfer共價(jià)鍵covalent bond共向傳遞體symport共質(zhì)體symplast共質(zhì)體運(yùn)輸symplastic transport共質(zhì)體裝載symplastic phloem loading共質(zhì)體途徑symplast pathway亞硝酸還原酶nitrit

19、e reductase，NiR亞胺環(huán)已酮cycloheximide亞麻酸linolenic acid亞精胺spermidine亞油酸linoleic acid過氧化氫酶catalase，CAT過氧化物酶peroxidase，POD過氧化物體peroxisome過敏反應(yīng)hypersensitive reaction再春化現(xiàn)象revernalization再生階段regeneration phase再分配redistribution再分化redifferentiation擴(kuò)散作用diffusion ，協(xié)助擴(kuò)散facilitated diffusion西羅血紅素sirohaem壓力探針pressur

20、e probe壓力勢pressure potential壓力流學(xué)說pressure flow hypothesis壓力室法pressure chamber有氧呼吸aerobic respiration有益元素beneficial elements有限生長determinate growth有絲分裂reduction mitosis灰分ash灰分元素ash element死亡激素death hormone成花素florigen成花決定態(tài)floral determinated state成花啟動(dòng)floral evocation成花誘導(dǎo)floral induction成膜體phragmoplast成

21、熟maturation光形態(tài)建成photomorphogenesis光呼吸photorespiration光呼吸碳氧化循環(huán)photorespiration carbon oxidation cycle光敏色素phytochrome，PHY光保護(hù)作用photoprotection光化學(xué)煙霧photochemical smog光反應(yīng)light reaction光合速率photosynthetic rate光合有效輻射photosynthetically active radiation，PAR光合碳還原循環(huán)photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle光合磷酸化phot

22、ophosphorylation光合鏈photosynthetic chain光合午睡現(xiàn)象midday depression of photosynthesis光合作用photosynthesis光合作用的光抑制photoinhibition of photo synthesis光合膜photosynthetic membrane光合產(chǎn)物photosynthetic yield光合單位photosynthetic unit光合滯后期lag phase of photosynthesis光合細(xì)菌photosynthetic bacteria光受體photoreceptor光周期photoperi

23、od光周期現(xiàn)象photoperiodism光周期誘導(dǎo)photoperiodic induction光飽和點(diǎn)light saturation point光系統(tǒng) photosystem ，PS光系統(tǒng) photosystem ，PS光親和標(biāo)記photoaffinity labling光滑性內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)smooth endoplasmic reticulum光補(bǔ)償點(diǎn)light compensation point光調(diào)節(jié)因子light regulated element光能利用率efficiency for solar energy utilization早熟發(fā)芽precocious germination早

24、前期帶preprophase band，PPB ，吐水guttation同型二聚體homodimer同化物assimilate同化物運(yùn)輸assimilate transportation同化作用assimilation同化力assimilatory power同源異型基因homeotic gene同源異型突變homeotic mutation吸脹吸水imbibing absorption of water吸脹作用imbibition ，吸收光譜absorption spectrum吸附作用absorption回補(bǔ)機(jī)制replenishing mechanism傳遞體transporter休眠d

25、ormancy休眠素dormin傷呼吸wound respiration傷流bleeding傷流液bleeding sap自動(dòng)催化作用autocatalysis自花授粉self pollination自由基free radical自由水free water自由空間free space自由能free energy自交不親和性self incompatibility自交不育self infertility自養(yǎng)性autotropism自溶作用autolysis向光性phototropism向重性gravitropism向化性chemotropism向觸性thigmotropism向性運(yùn)動(dòng)tropic

26、 movement后熟作用after ripening近似晝夜節(jié)奏circadian rhythm殺粉蝶菌素A piericidin A合子zygote肌動(dòng)蛋白actin肌醇三磷酸inositol-1,4,5-triphophate，IP3肌醇磷脂lipositol負(fù)化學(xué)信號negative chemical signal負(fù)向重性negative gravitropism負(fù)效應(yīng)物negative effector多元酚氧化酶polyphenol oxidase多聚核糖體polyribosome多聚化截留機(jī)理polymerization trap mechanism多聚半乳糖醛酸酶polygal

27、acturonase多克隆抗體polyclonal antibody多胺ployamines,PA色素pigment色素蛋白復(fù)合體pigment protein complex色氨酸t(yī)ryptophan色氨酸單加氧酶thyphophan monooxygenase色胺tryptamine交替氧化酶alternative oxidase交替途徑alternative pathway交叉適應(yīng)現(xiàn)象cross adaptation交叉忍耐cross tolerances次生壁secondary wall次級共運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)secondary cotransport次級電子供體secondary electron

28、 donor次級電子受體secondary electron acceptor次級庫subordinate sinks異花授粉allogamy異構(gòu)酶isomerase異檸檬酸裂解酶isocitratelyase異檸檬酸脫氫酶isocitric acid dehydrogenase異戊烯基腺苷isopentenyl adenosine,iPA異戊烯基腺嘌呤isopentenyladenine,ip異戊烯轉(zhuǎn)移酶isopentenyl transferase異戊烯焦磷酸isopentenyl pyrophosphate異化作用disassimilation陽生植物sun plant陰生植物shade

29、 plant紅花菜豆酸phaseic acid紅光red light紅降red drop纖維素cellulose纖維素酶cellulase七畫麥芽糖酶maltase形態(tài)發(fā)生morphogenesis遠(yuǎn)紅光far red light運(yùn)動(dòng)反應(yīng)motor response運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)器translocator韌皮部裝載phloem loading韌皮部卸出phloem unloading韌皮蛋白P 蛋白phloem protein壞死性死亡necrosis death赤蘚糖4 磷酸erythrose-4-phosphate赤霉素gibberellin，GA赤霉烷gibberellane抑制劑depressa

30、nt抗壞血酸氧化酶ascorbate oxidase抗鹽性salt resistance抗熱性heat resistance抗蒸騰劑antitranspirant抗旱性drought resistance抗蟲性pest resistance抗氰呼吸c(diǎn)yanide resistant respiration抗氰氧化酶cyanide resistant oxidase抗凍性freezing resistance抗冷性chilling resistance抗病性disease resistance抗性resistance,hardiness抗?jié)承詅lood resistance抗張強(qiáng)度tensile

31、 strength殼梭孢菌素fusicoccin，F(xiàn)C擬核體nucleoid擬脂體lipid body芽休眠bud dormancy花芽分化flower bud differentiation花的發(fā)端initiation of flower花熟狀態(tài)ripeness to flower state花粉pollen花粉粒pollen grain6-芐基腺嘌呤6-benzyl adenine，BA克隆clone極性polarity極性運(yùn)輸polar transport極性分子polar molecule束縛型赤霉素conjugated gibberellin束縛型生長素bound auxin束縛水b

32、ound water兩極光周期植物amphophotoperiodism plant還原階段reduction phase旱害drought injury旱生植物xerophytes吲哚丁酸indole-3-butyric acid，IBA吲哚丙酮酸indole pyruvic acid吲哚丙酸indole propionic acid吲哚乙醛indole acetaldehyde吲哚乙酰天冬氨酸indole acetyl aspartic acid吲哚乙酰葡萄糖indole acetyl glucose吲哚乙酰肌醇indole acetyl inositol吲哚乙酸indole-3-acet

33、ic acid，IAA吲哚乙酸氧化酶IAA oxidase吲哚乙腈indole acetonitrile別藻藍(lán)蛋白allophycocyanin延胡索酸酶fumarase體細(xì)胞無孢子生殖somatic apospory體細(xì)胞胚somatic embryo伸展蛋白extensin低溫誘導(dǎo)蛋白low temperature induced protein希爾氧化劑Hill oxidant希爾反應(yīng)Hill reaction谷氨酰胺合成酶glutamine synthetase，GS谷氨酸合酶glutamate synthase,GOGAT谷氨酸脫氫酶glutamate dehydrogenase，G

34、DH谷氨酸乙醛酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酶glutamate glyoxylate aminotransferase谷胱甘肽glutathione谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶glutathione peroxidase，GPX谷胱甘肽還原酶glutathione reductase，GR鄰香豆酸ocoumaric acid鄰近細(xì)胞neighbouring cell免疫immune角質(zhì)蒸騰cuticular transpiration系統(tǒng)獲得性抗性systemic acquired resistance系統(tǒng)肽systemin凍害freezing injury庫sink庫強(qiáng)sink strength應(yīng)變素allergens冷擊

35、蛋白cold shock protein冷響應(yīng)蛋白cold responsive protein冷害chilling injury間質(zhì)stroma泛醌ubiquinone,UQ泛醌氧化還原酶ubiquinone oxidoreductase完熟ripening初生壁primary wall初級共運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)primary cotransport識別recognition層積處理stratification張力tension阿拉伯半乳糖蛋白arabinogalactan protein阿斯匹林aspirin驅(qū)動(dòng)蛋白kinesin紡錘體spindle八畫環(huán)式光合磷酸化cyclic photophospho

36、rylation環(huán)式電子傳遞cyclic electron transport環(huán)境污染environmental pollution環(huán)腺苷酸cyclic adenosine monophosphate,cAMP環(huán)脂肪酸cyclic fatty acid環(huán)割試驗(yàn)girdling experiment表面張力surface tension ，表異構(gòu)酶epimerase表觀光合速率apparent photosynthetic rate表觀庫強(qiáng)apparent sink strength頂端優(yōu)勢apical dominance茉莉酸jasmonic acid，JA茉莉酸甲酯methyl jasmon

37、ate，MeJA茉莉酸類jasmonates苯丙氨酸phenylalanine苯丙氨酸解氨酶phenylalanine ammonia lyase苯乙酸phenylactic acid蘋果酸malate,Mal蘋果酸酶malic enzyme蘋果酸代謝學(xué)說malate bolism theory蘋果酸合成酶malate synthetase蘋果酸脫氫酶malic acid dehydrogenase ，直鏈淀粉amylose板塊鑲嵌模型plate mosaic model刺激感受stimulus perception刺激性單性結(jié)實(shí)stimulative parthenocarpy礦質(zhì)元素min

38、eral element礦質(zhì)營養(yǎng)mineral nutrition轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)肽transit peptide轉(zhuǎn)基因植物transgenic plant轉(zhuǎn)醛醇酶transaldolase轉(zhuǎn)酮酶transketolase轉(zhuǎn)移細(xì)胞transfer cell,TC轉(zhuǎn)化酶invertase ，轉(zhuǎn)錄因子tranion factors非環(huán)式光合磷酸化non cyclic photophosphorylation非環(huán)式電子傳遞noncyclic electron transport非堆疊區(qū)nonappressed region果膠pectin果膠物質(zhì)pectic substances果膠酶pectinase果膠酸p

39、ectic acid果糖1，6 二磷酸fructose-1,6-bisphosphate,FBP果糖1，6 二磷酸酯酶fructose-1,6-bispho sphate phosphatase果糖-6-磷酸fructose-6-phosphate,F6P果糖激酶fructokinase固氮酶nitrogenase固定化細(xì)胞immobilized cells呼吸速率respiratory rate呼吸電子傳遞鏈respiratory electron transport chain呼吸躍變r(jià)espiratory climacteric呼吸鏈respiratory chain呼吸作用respir

40、ation呼吸系數(shù)respiratory coefficient呼吸底物respiratory substrate吸呼效率respiratory ratio呼吸商respiratory quotient，RQ巖棉栽培rockwool culture羅漢松內(nèi)酯podolactone物理信號physical signal物候期phenological period質(zhì)藍(lán)素plastocyanin，PC質(zhì)體plastid質(zhì)體醌plastoquinone，PQ ，質(zhì)體小球plastoglobulus質(zhì)壁分離plasmolysis ，質(zhì)壁分離復(fù)原deplasmolysis質(zhì)子動(dòng)力proton motive

41、 force，pmf質(zhì)子泵proton pump質(zhì)外體apoplast質(zhì)外體運(yùn)輸apoplastic transport質(zhì)外體裝載apoplasmic phloem loading質(zhì)外體途徑apoplast pathway受體receptor ，受精作用fertilization乳酸脫氫酶lactic acid dehydrogenase乳酸發(fā)酵lactate fermentation脅迫stress脅迫激素stress hormone脅變strain周期性growth periodicity魚藤酮rotenone飽和蒸氣壓saturation vapor pressure夜間斷night b

42、reak底物水平磷酸化substrate level phosphorylation放熱呼吸thermogenic respiration放氧復(fù)合體oxygen evolving complex ，放射免疫檢測法radioimmunoassay放線菌素actinomycin D凈光合速率net photosynthetic rate凈同化率net assimilation rate,NAR ，育性轉(zhuǎn)化fertility change性別表達(dá)sex expression單“S”形生長曲線single sigmoid growth curve單鹽毒害toxiciy of single salt單克

43、隆抗體monoclonal antibody單酚氧化酶monophenol oxidase單倍體無配子生殖haploid apogamr單倍體孤雄生殖haploid androgenesis單倍體孤雌生殖haploid parthenogenesis單向傳遞體uniport單性結(jié)實(shí)parthenocarpy法呢基焦磷酸farnesyl pyrophosphate ，油菜素brassin油菜素內(nèi)酯brassinolide，BR油菜素甾體類化合物brassinosteroids油酸oleic acid油體oil body油體蛋白o(hù)leosins泥炭培養(yǎng)peat culture空種皮技術(shù)empty

44、seed coat technique襯質(zhì)matrix襯質(zhì)勢matrix potential襯質(zhì)水勢matrix water potential降解breakdown線性期linear phase線粒體mitochondria ，細(xì)菌葉綠素bacteriochlorophyll細(xì)胞克隆cell clone細(xì)胞板cell plate細(xì)胞松弛素B cytochalasin B細(xì)胞融合cell fusion細(xì)胞漿cytosol細(xì)胞器cell organelle細(xì)胞骨架cytoskeleton細(xì)胞繁殖cell reproduction細(xì)胞質(zhì)環(huán)流cyclosis細(xì)胞質(zhì)基質(zhì)cytoplasmic matr

45、ix細(xì)胞質(zhì)膜plasma membrane細(xì)胞全能性totipotency細(xì)胞分裂素cytokinin，CTK細(xì)胞分裂素氧化酶cytokinin oxidase細(xì)胞分化cell differentiation細(xì)胞膜cell membrane細(xì)胞周期cell cycle細(xì)胞色素cytochrome，Cyt細(xì)胞色素氧化酶cytochrome oxidase細(xì)胞衰老cellular aging細(xì)胞液cell sap細(xì)胞學(xué)說cell theory細(xì)胞壁cell wall孤立體系isolated system孢粉素pollenin孢子體型不親和sporophyric self incompatibili

46、ty,SSI九畫春化素vernalin春化作用vernalization封閉體系closed system指數(shù)期logarithmic phase草酰乙酸oxaloacetic acid，OAA熒光fluorescence熒光猝滅劑fluorescence quencher ，胡蘿卜素carotene枯斑necrotic spot相互競爭allelospoly相生相克它感作用allelopathy相關(guān)性correlation相對生長速率relative growth rate，RGR相對自由空間relative free space,RFS檸檬酸循環(huán)citric acid cycle檸檬酸合成

47、酶citrate synthase砂培sand culture砂基培養(yǎng)法sand culture method砂礫栽培gravel culture臨界日長critical daylength臨界暗期critical dark period鈣調(diào)蛋白鈣調(diào)素calmodulin,CaM ，氫醌hydroquinone氫化酶hydrogenase選擇吸收selective absorption種子劣變seed deterioration種子生活力seed viability種子休眠seed dormancy種子的壽命seed longevity種子活力seed vigor秋水仙素colchicine

48、，重力勢gravitational potential重力水gravitational water復(fù)種指數(shù)multiple crop index復(fù)合脂類complex lipids順烏頭酸酶aconitase保衛(wèi)細(xì)胞guard cell信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)signal transduction ，信息傳遞message transportation胚芽鞘coleoptile胚柄suspensor胚狀體embryoid胚胎萌發(fā)viviparous germination，vivipary胚胎晚期豐富蛋白late embryogenesis abundant protein,LEA胚胎發(fā)生embryogene

49、sis胞間連絲plasmodesma胞間層intercellular layer親和性compatibility親和力affinity類胡蘿卜素carotenoid類胡蘿卜素途徑carotenoid pathway類囊體thylakoid前質(zhì)體proplastid ，前饋活化feedforward activation逆境environmental stress逆境逃避stress avoidance逆境乙烯stress ethylene逆境蛋白stress protein逆境忍耐stress tolerance總光合速率gross photosynthetic rate活化酶activase

50、活性氧active oxygen ，染色體chromosome染色質(zhì)chromatin染色單體chromatid穿梭運(yùn)動(dòng)shuttle streaming誘導(dǎo)酶induced enzyme ，誘導(dǎo)性單性結(jié)實(shí)induced parthenocarpy晝夜節(jié)律circadian rhythm晝夜周期性daily periodicity結(jié)構(gòu)酶constitutive enzyme結(jié)合態(tài)淀粉合成酶granule bound starch synthase結(jié)合蛋白binding protein絕對生長速率absolute growth rate，AGR十畫頑拗性種子recalcitrant seed載體

51、carrier載色體chromatophore鹽堿土saline and alkaline soil鹽逆境蛋白salt stress protein鹽溶清蛋白globulin鹽害salt injury熱電偶thermocouple熱休克蛋白熱激蛋白heat shock proteins,HSPs熱害heat injury熱力學(xué)thermodynamics莽草酸shikimic acid真核生物eukaryote真核細(xì)胞eukaryotic cell真光合速率true photosynthetic rate核基質(zhì)nuclear matrix核酮糖1，5 二磷酸ribulose BF-1,5-bi

52、sphosphate, BFQ RuBP核酮糖1，5 二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶BFQ ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase，Rubisco核酮糖-5-磷酸ribulose-5-phosphate,Ru5P核酮糖-5-磷酸表異構(gòu)酶 ribulose-5-phosphate epimerase核酮糖-5-磷酸激酶ribulose-5-phosphate kinase,Ru5PK核小體nucleosome核仁nucleolus核質(zhì)nucleoplasm核膜nuclear membrane核糖=5-磷酸ribose-5-phosphate,R5P核

53、糖-5-磷酸異構(gòu)酶ribose-5-phosphate isomerase核糖體ribosome核液karyolymph核孔nuclear pore根壓root pressure根冠比root top ratio,R/T礫培gravel culture原核生物prokaryote原核細(xì)胞prokaryotic cell原果膠protopectin原生質(zhì)protoplasm原生質(zhì)體protoplast原初電子供體primary electron donor原初電子受體primary electron acceptor 1原初反應(yīng)primary reaction原初主動(dòng)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)primary acti

54、ve transport原發(fā)優(yōu)勢primigenic dominance配子體型不親和gametophytic self incompatibility,GSI致電泵electrogenic pump圓球體spherosome鐵硫黃素蛋白iron sulfur flavoprotein鐵硫蛋白iron sulfur protein鐵氧還蛋白ferredoxin,Fd鐵氧還蛋白-NADP+還原酶 ferredoxin-NADP+reductase，F(xiàn)NR氧化磷酸化oxidative phosphorylation氧自由基oxygen free radical氧飽和點(diǎn)oxygen saturation point1-氨基環(huán)丙烷-1-羧酸1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid,ACC氨基酮戊酸aminolevulinic acid氨基氧乙酸aminooxyacetic acid,AOA氨基乙氧基乙烯基甘氨酸 aminoethoxyvinyl glycine,AVG缺綠癥chlorosis敵草隆Diuron,DCMU愛默生增益效應(yīng)Emerson enhancement effect脂氧合酶