高考英語狀語從句講解及練習_百度文庫

1、狀語從句狀語修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。通常由副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、分詞 和從句擔當。例如:1. Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call . (副詞 2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . (介詞狀短語 3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day . (不定式 4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse

2、 looked deserted . (過去分詞 5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .(原因狀語從句狀語的位置比較靈活,可以位于句首、句末或句中。 enough 用作狀語修飾形容詞和副詞 時必須后置。狀語從句主要用來修飾主句或主句的謂語。一般可分為九大類,分別表示時間、地點、 原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較和方式。一、時間狀語從句常用引導詞:when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until特殊引導詞:the

3、 minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day, the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely when1 I didnt realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.2While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.3The children ran away from the orchard(果園 the mo

4、ment they saw the guard.4No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.5Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.注意:1.When , while, as都可解釋為“當 的時候”但側(cè)重點有所不同。2.not until引出的倒裝句二、地點狀語從句常用引導詞:where特殊引導詞:wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there ar

5、e factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.注意:eg: I happened to see your dictionary lie where I used it last time.(地點狀語從句I happened to see your dictionary lie in the lab where I used it last time.(定語從句三、 條件狀語從句常用引導詞:if, unless,特殊引導詞:as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose tha

6、t, in case that, on condition that1 Well start our project if the president agrees.2You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.3Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.條件狀語從句中如果主句是將來時,條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。四、 讓步狀語從句常用引導詞:though, although, even if, even though特殊引導詞:a

7、s(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝 , while ( 一般用在句首 , no matter , whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever1 Much as I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal.盡管我很尊敬他, 我卻不同意他的建議。2The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.3No matter how hard he tried, she could not change he

8、r mind.4 He wont listen whatever you may say.注意:1.though, although不可與 but 連用,但可以和 yet , still連用 .Eg: Though/Although it is raining ,they are still running outside.2.though/as可引導倒裝 (although不引導倒裝 ,結(jié)構(gòu)為:強調(diào)對象 +as/though+主語 +其它成分, 強調(diào)對象可為表語 (名詞、 形容詞 或狀語 (副 詞 ,表語為名詞時,前面不用冠詞。Child as/ though he was, he knew

9、 what was the right thing to do.Tired as he is, he goes on with his work.3.no matter+疑問詞不能引導名詞性從句五、原因狀語從句常用引導詞:because, since, as, since特殊引導詞:seeing that, now that, in that, given that, considering that,1 My friends dislike me because Im handsome and successful.2 Now that everybody has come, lets be

10、gin our conference.3The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.4Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable. 注意:1. because語氣最強,通常用于回答 why 提出的問題, as 次之, since, now that最弱, for 表示原因關(guān)系時, for 分句是對第一分句內(nèi)容的推斷或猜測,

11、 Eg: It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now.。在 it wasthat 的強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中, 強調(diào)原因狀語從句可用 because 引導, 不用 since,as, for 引導。 Eg: It is because she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the situation.六、目的狀語從句引導目的狀語從句的連詞有:so that, in order that, lest, in case, for fear that等

12、。1You must speak louder so that/in order that you can be heard by all.2He wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it.3Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.注意:lest, in case, for fear that所引導的狀語從句中,動詞可以用虛擬語氣,形式為 should+動詞原形,也可不用虛擬語氣,用動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。Eg: You had better leave t

13、he key at home in case one of us should think of/thinks of coming back. 七、結(jié)果狀語從句引導結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有:so that, sothat, suchthat 等1He is so young that he can not go to school.2He is such a young boy that he can not go to school.注意:so+形容詞 /副詞 +that從句so+形容詞 +a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 +that從句such +a/an+形容詞 +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 +that從句such

14、 +形容詞 +復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 /不可數(shù)名詞 +that從句such 修飾名詞或名詞詞組, so 修飾形容詞或副詞 ,so 還可接 many, few, much, little等。 Eg: so foolish such a foolso nice a flower such a nice flowerso many/few flowers such nice flowersso much/little money such rapid progressso many people such a lot of people八、比較狀語從句引導比較狀語從句的連詞有:asas, than, not

15、soas, the morethe more, A is to B what /as X is to Y等!He speaks English as fluently as his brother (does2 I cant jump so /as high as he (does3There are more workers in this factory than in the one next to it .4The more you read, the more interesting , you will find the novel is .5Food is to men what

16、 oil is to machine. 食物之于人,猶如油之于機器。九 方式狀語從句引導方式狀語從句的連接詞有 as, as if / though(一般用虛擬語氣 ,the way等。Just do as you are told.1The workers went on working as if nothing had happened.2He talked to the girl as though he had fallen in love with her.3you should operate the machine the way I do .狀語從句的省略狀語從句同時具備下列

17、兩個條件 :主句和從句的主語一致,或從句主語為 it ;從句主要 動詞是 be 的某種形式。從句中的主語和 be 動詞?？墒÷浴＠?When ( the museum is completed , the museum will be open to the public next year .Hell go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is possible.另外,比較狀語從句經(jīng)常省略。例如:Im taller than he (is tall .The higher the temperature (is, the greater the

18、pressure (is .就狀語從句而言 , 有時為了使語言言簡意賅 , 常常將狀語從句進行 簡化 。狀語從句的 簡化 現(xiàn)象在口語中較為普遍 , 而且在高考中的復現(xiàn)率也較高。因此 , 有必要對其進行全面、透徹的 了解。狀語從句的 簡化 現(xiàn)象常存在于以下五種狀語從句中 :由 if, unless等引導的條件狀語從句 ; 由 although, though, even if / though 等引導的讓步狀語從句 ; 由 when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引導的時間狀語從句 ; 由 as, as if等引導的方式狀語從句 ; 由 as,

19、than等引 導的比較狀語從句。下面針對這五種情形作一歸納。(1當狀語從句的主語是 it, 且謂語動詞是 be 時 ,it 和 be 要完全簡化掉。例如 :If (it is possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.如果可能的話 , 他會幫你擺脫困境。 You must attend the meeting unless (it is inconvenient to you.除非情況對你來說不方便 , 否則你 必須出席這次會議。(2當狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致時 , 從句可以將主語和 be 動詞簡化掉。 常用于以下幾 種情形 :a.

20、 連詞 +形容詞As (he was young, he learned how to ride a bike.他小時候就學會了騎自行車。Whenever (she is free, she often goes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。Work hard when (you are young, or youll regret.少壯不努力 , 老大徒傷悲。b. 連詞 +名詞While (he was a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩提時代就樂于助人。 Although (he was a farmer, now

21、 he is a famous director.盡管他曾是個農(nóng)民 , 而現(xiàn)在是位著名的 導演了。c. 連詞 +現(xiàn)在分詞As (she was walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿著河堤邊走邊唱著 流行歌曲。Although (he is doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.盡管近來他一 直在學數(shù)學 , 但他仍然沒有取得好成績。d. 連詞 +過去分詞He wont go there with us unless (h

22、e is invited.除非受到邀請 , 否則他不會和我們一道去那里。 The concert was a great success than (it was expected.這場音樂會出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。 e. 連詞 +不定式He stood up as if (he were to say something.當時他站起來好像要說什么。 He wouldnt solve the problem even if (he were to take charge.即使他來負責 , 他也解決不了這個問題。 f. 連詞 +介詞 短語She looked anxious as though

23、 (she was in trouble.她看上去很焦急 , 好像遇到了麻煩。He had mastered the English language before (he was in the USA.他到美國之前就懂英語了。 注意 :當從句主語和主句主語不一致時 , 從句部分要么用完全形式 , 要么用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)來表 達。例如 :When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.當會議結(jié)束時 , 人們都 走出了會議室。 (=The meeting over,基礎(chǔ)題1. Wed better hurr

24、y _ it is getting dark.A. and B. but C. as D. unless2. I didn t manage to do it _ you had explained how.A. until B. unless C. when D. before3._ he comes, we wont be able to go.A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even4. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless5. _

25、I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.A. Every time B. Though C. Even D. Where6. Whats the matter _ they still havent answered the telegram?A. when B. that C. though D. however7. Bring it nearer _ I may see it better.A. although B. even though C. so that D. since8. You may arrive in Beijing early _

26、 you mind taking the night train.A. that B. though C. unless D. if9. Helen listened carefully _ she might discover exactly what she needed.A. in that B. in order that C. in case D. even though10. More people will eat out in restaurants _ they do today.A. than B. when C. while D. as11._ hard she trie

27、s, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.A. Much B. However C. As D. Although12. Poor _ it may be, there is no place like home, _ you may go.A. as; wherever B. though; whenever C. in spite of; when D. that; wherever13. The child was _ immediately after supper.A. enough tired to go to

28、bed B. too tired to go to bedC. so tired that he went to bed D. very tired, he went to bed14. The history of nursing _ the history of man.A. as old as B. is old than C. that is as old as D. is as old as15. _ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.A. Since B. Once C. Wh

29、en D. Although16._ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible.A. As B. Although C. Unless D. In spite of17. Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _ his father died.A. than B. as C. while D. when18. _ David goes, he is welcome.A. Whichever B. However C. Wherever D

30、. Whatever19. The house stood _ there had been a rock.A. which B. at which C. when D. where20. Small _ it is, the pen is a most useful tool.A. because B. so C. if D. as21. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _ tractors in 1988 as the year before.A. as twice many B. as many t

31、wice C. twice as many D. twice many as22. The piano in the other shop will be _, but _.A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheap; not as betterC. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good23. John plays football _, if not better than, David.A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as24. Alt

32、hough he is considered a great writer,A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely readC. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read25. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As26. What was the party like? Wonderful

33、. It s years _ I enjoyed myself so much.A. after B. when C. before D. since27. It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then28. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is

34、.A. what B. how C. however D. whatever29. After the war, a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre.A. that B. where C. which D. when30._, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A. However late is he B. However he is lateC. However is he late D. However late he is1-5

35、CABBA 6-10 BCCBD 11-15 BACDD 16-20 ADCDD 21-25 CCBAD 26-30 DBCBD 提高題1. Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?I dont mind where we go _ theres sun, sea and beach. (2008全國 I 卷A. as if B. as long as C. now that D. in order that 2. -Do you have a minute? Ive got something to tell you.-Ok, _ you

36、make it short. (2008安徽卷A. now that B. if only C. so long as D. every time3. All the neighbor admire this family _the parents are treating their child like a friend. (2008安徽卷A. why B. whereC. which D. that4. Nancy enjoyed herself so much _ she visited her friends in Sydney last year. (2008福建 卷A. that

37、 B. which C. whenD. where5. _ the Internet is of great help. I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it. (2008湖南卷A. If B. While C. Because D. As6. He found it increasingly difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. (2008山 東卷A. though B. forC. but D. so7. Youd better not

38、leave the medicine _ kids can get at it. (2008山東卷A. even if B. which C. whereD. so that8. _ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. (2008遼寧卷A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However 9. I used to love that film _ I was a child, but I dont feel it that way any more.

39、 （2008 遼寧 卷） A. once B. when C. since D. although 10. A small car is big enough for a family of three _ you need more space for baggage. (2008 全國 II A. once B. because C. if D. unless 11. There were some chairs left over _ everyone had sat down. (四川卷 A. when B. until C. that D. where 12. Dont promis

40、e anything _ you are one hundred percent sure. （2008 浙江卷） A. whether B. after C. how D. unless 13. Did you return Freds call? （2008 北京卷） I didnt need to _ Ill see him tomorrow. A. though B. unless C. when D. because 14. Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _ Brian get bac

41、k. （2008 北京卷） A. before B. since C. till D. after 15. Well have a picnic in the park this Sunday _ it rains or its very cold. （2008 天津卷） A. since B. if C. unless D. until 16. -Are you ready for Spain？(2008 上海卷 -Yes, I want the girls to experience that _ they are young. A. while B. until C. if D. bef

42、ore 17. _ well prepared you are , you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. (2008 上海卷 A. however B. whatever C. no matter D. although 18. _ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. 2007 全國卷 II A. If B. Since C. Though D. When 19. Pop music is such an important part of society

43、_ it has even influenced our language. 2007 上海卷 A. as B. that C. which D. where 20. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water _ they are not managed carefully. 2007 上海卷 A. though B. before C. until D. if 1-5BCBCB 6-10 BCDBD 11-15ADDAC 16-20 AAABD 1.2013 安徽卷）Its much easier to make friends you have similar interests. A. un