英語讀音規(guī)則

1、英語英標(biāo)和讀音規(guī)則語音 英語語音名詞解釋英語語音名詞解釋 音節(jié)音節(jié) 以元音為主體構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位，一般說來元以元音為主體構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位，一般說來元音發(fā)音響亮，可以構(gòu)成音節(jié)，輔音發(fā)音不響亮，音發(fā)音響亮，可以構(gòu)成音節(jié)，輔音發(fā)音不響亮，不能單獨構(gòu)成音節(jié)（不能單獨構(gòu)成音節(jié)（m n lm n l例外）。從單詞例外）。從單詞拼寫形式上看，有幾個元字組就有幾個音節(jié)。拼寫形式上看，有幾個元字組就有幾個音節(jié)。語音 音節(jié)的劃分音節(jié)的劃分 在兩個音節(jié)的相鄰處有兩個輔字組時，一個輔字組屬于前在兩個音節(jié)的相鄰處有兩個輔字組時，一個輔字組屬于前面的音節(jié)，一個屬于后面的音節(jié)。面的音節(jié)，一個屬于后面的音節(jié)。 例如：例如：let

2、-let-terter mem-bermem-ber chil-drenchil-dren daugh-terdaugh-ter 在兩個音節(jié)的相鄰處只有一個輔字組時，如果前面音節(jié)里在兩個音節(jié)的相鄰處只有一個輔字組時，如果前面音節(jié)里的元音是長音則輔字組屬于后面一個音節(jié)，如果前面一個的元音是長音則輔字組屬于后面一個音節(jié)，如果前面一個音節(jié)里的元音是短音，則輔字組屬于前面一個音節(jié)。音節(jié)里的元音是短音，則輔字組屬于前面一個音節(jié)。 例如：長音例如：長音 pa-per pa-per stustu-dent -dent fa-therfa-ther ze-roze-ro mo- mo-tortor far-

3、far-therther短音短音 sevsev-en stud-y moth-en stud-y moth-erer ver-yver-y mod-le mod-le weath-erweath-er 語音 重讀音節(jié)重讀音節(jié) 單詞中讀音特別響亮的音節(jié)。用音標(biāo)標(biāo)單詞中讀音特別響亮的音節(jié)。用音標(biāo)標(biāo)記雙音節(jié)、多音節(jié)詞的讀音時，應(yīng)使用重讀符號。記雙音節(jié)、多音節(jié)詞的讀音時，應(yīng)使用重讀符號。單音節(jié)詞多數(shù)是重讀音節(jié)，標(biāo)記讀音時不需要使單音節(jié)詞多數(shù)是重讀音節(jié)，標(biāo)記讀音時不需要使用重讀符號。用重讀符號。語音 開音節(jié)開音節(jié) 絕對開音節(jié)：單個元音字母后面沒有輔字組的絕對開音節(jié)：單個元音字母后面沒有輔字組的重讀音節(jié)。

4、例如：重讀音節(jié)。例如：no blue no blue baba-by -by stustu-dent se-dent se-cretcret. . 相對開音節(jié)：單個元音字母后面加單個輔音字相對開音節(jié)：單個元音字母后面加單個輔音字母，再加一個不發(fā)音字母母，再加一個不發(fā)音字母e e構(gòu)成的重讀音節(jié)。例構(gòu)成的重讀音節(jié)。例如：如：name these bike home ex-name these bike home ex-cusecuse. . 閉音節(jié)閉音節(jié) 單個元音字母后面有輔字組（單個元音字母后面有輔字組（r w y r w y 除外）且以輔除外）且以輔字組結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)。例如：字組結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)

5、。例如：bag egg fish not bag egg fish not cupcup 語音 雙音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)則雙音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)則 雙音節(jié)詞的第一個音節(jié)通常是雙音節(jié)詞的第一個音節(jié)通常是重讀音節(jié)。重讀音節(jié)。 例如：例如： stustu-dent -dent Chi-Chi-nana sec-sec-ondond au-au-tumntumn in-in- deed deed 含有含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前綴的雙音節(jié)詞往等前綴的雙音節(jié)詞往往是在第二個音節(jié)上重讀。雙音節(jié)詞的重讀位置往是在第二個音節(jié)上重讀。雙音節(jié)詞的重讀位置不會因

6、增加前綴或后綴而發(fā)生改變。例如：不會因增加前綴或后綴而發(fā)生改變。例如： a a boutbout bebe forefore exex cusecuse rere pairpair for- for- get-get-fulful in- in- ven-torven-tor 語音多音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)則多音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)則 多音節(jié)詞通常在倒數(shù)第三個音節(jié)重讀。多音節(jié)詞通常在倒數(shù)第三個音節(jié)重讀。例如：例如： el-el-e-phante-phant con- con-grat-u-grat-u- la-tionla-tion詞尾有詞尾有- -icic或或- -tion,-siontion,-sion的詞，在

7、的詞，在- -icic或或- -sion,-tionsion,-tion前的前的一個音節(jié)上重讀。例如：一個音節(jié)上重讀。例如：scienscien tifictific imim pressionpression nationnation 不符合規(guī)則的詞不符合規(guī)則的詞 every every 從拼寫形式上看有三個元字組，但從讀音上從拼寫形式上看有三個元字組，但從讀音上看只有兩個元音，故這個詞只有兩個音節(jié)。中間看只有兩個元音，故這個詞只有兩個音節(jié)。中間一個字母一個字母e e不發(fā)音，該詞的音節(jié)劃分方式為不發(fā)音，該詞的音節(jié)劃分方式為eve-eve-ryry。 elebrate(cel-e-bratee

8、lebrate(cel-e-brate) ) 劃分音節(jié)時不能把字組拆分到兩個音節(jié)中去（劃分音節(jié)時不能把字組拆分到兩個音節(jié)中去（chil-chil-drendren) )；brbr pr pr blbl pl pl等輔音連綴有時要當(dāng)作字組來等輔音連綴有時要當(dāng)作字組來對待，即具有不可分割性；有時又要考慮到詞的對待，即具有不可分割性；有時又要考慮到詞的來源或其他原因而不被當(dāng)作字組來對待（來源或其他原因而不被當(dāng)作字組來對待（ward-ward-roomroom、Feb-Feb-ru-ar-yru-ar-y) )。 字母、字組和字群字母、字組和字群 字母指的是二十六個字母。字母是構(gòu)成英文書寫字母指的是二

9、十六個字母。字母是構(gòu)成英文書寫的最小單位，英語單詞中的字母和單詞讀音中的的最小單位，英語單詞中的字母和單詞讀音中的各個音素并不存在對應(yīng)關(guān)系。各個音素并不存在對應(yīng)關(guān)系。 字組指的是一個或幾個字母在起，發(fā)一個共同的字組指的是一個或幾個字母在起，發(fā)一個共同的音素。字組是英語單詞發(fā)音的基本單位，通常一音素。字組是英語單詞發(fā)音的基本單位，通常一個字組對應(yīng)該一個音素。字組分為元字組和輔字個字組對應(yīng)該一個音素。字組分為元字組和輔字組兩種。組兩種。 字群是指幾個字組在同一個音節(jié)里發(fā)兩個以上的字群是指幾個字組在同一個音節(jié)里發(fā)兩個以上的音素。（如：音素。（如：- -tiontion - -sionsion - -

10、stensten - -stlestle -ought) -ought)The Closing Diphthongs:The Closing Diphthongs:合口雙元音/ / e eI I/ / a aI I / / I I/ / au / au / u u / /CentringCentring Diphthongs: Diphthongs:集中雙元音 / /I I / /U / /e / /U / /e / / / e eI I / / is usually read in the following letters or letter groups :a ai ay eigh ey

11、 ea paid sail rainpaid sail rain saysay day play day play greygrey they hey they hey cake latecake late hate hate great break steakgreat break steak eight eight neightbourneightbour weight weightMay Day ;May Day ;the lady on the planethe lady on the planeLabor Day; Labor Day; April rainApril rain1.

12、Call a spade a spade.1. Call a spade a spade. 2. No pains, no gains.2. No pains, no gains.3. Its a pay day today.3. Its a pay day today.4. He often makes faces to the baby.4. He often makes faces to the baby.5. The train was delayed by the rain5. The train was delayed by the rain。/ /a aI I/ / / /a a

13、I I/ is usually read in the following letters or letter / is usually read in the following letters or letter groups : i, y, groups : i, y, ieie, , ighigh eye whyeye why buy buy die sky tiedie sky tie find time kite find time kite high light brighthigh light brightPair WorkPair Work quite rightquite

14、right a nice knife a nice knife a kind writera kind writer high in the sky high in the sky/ai/1. A cathas nine lives. 1. A cathas nine lives. 2. Great minds think alike.2. Great minds think alike.3. Strike while the iron is hot.3. Strike while the iron is hot.4. Out of sight, out of mind.4. Out of s

15、ight, out of mind.5. Time and tide wait for no man.5. Time and tide wait for no man.6. The kite is flying high in the sky.6. The kite is flying high in the sky./ / I I/ / / / I I/ / is usually read in the following letters is usually read in the following letters or letter groups : or letter groups

16、: oioi, , oyoyboy toyboy toy soy soy join coins noisejoin coins noisepoint annoyedpoint annoyedPair WorkPair Worktoilet papertoilet paperjoyful boysjoyful boysmake a choice make a choice The boy was annoyed because The boy was annoyed because his toy was destroyed.his toy was destroyed./ / u u / / /

17、 / u u / / is usually read in the following letters or letter groups :o ow oa go no stove home broke go no stove home broke show slow throwshow slow throw road boatroad boat an old overcoat; roses on the road; I hope so. All roads lead to Roma. Its so cold. Please close the window. Little strokes fe

18、ll great oaks. A rolling stone gathers no moss./ au / au / au / / au / is usually read in the following letters or letter groups : bow now allow cow town plough found house mouth a loud sound ; thousands of flowers a brown house;/ /I I / / / /I I / / is usually read in the following letters or lette

19、r groupsis usually read in the following letters or letter groups: : ear, ere, ea, ear, ere, ea, eereer h hearear n nearearf fearearququeereerb beereerchcheereerededththeaeatre idtre ideaeaPair workPair work a qua queereer id ideaeachcheereerful tful tearears sn nearear the th the theaeatretreSenten

20、cesSentences We fWe fearear we cant h we cant hearear him him clclearearly as he has such a big ly as he has such a big b beareard.d. My dMy dearear brother will come home brother will come home n nearear the end of the y the end of the yearear. ./ /e e / / /e e / / is usually read in the following

21、letters or letter groups:is usually read in the following letters or letter groups: are, are, air, earair, ear wh whereere th thereere t tearear b bear ear p pearears s h hairair ch chairair f fairair sh shareared std stareare r ra arelyrely Pair workPair worka sca scareared hd hareareshshareare the

22、 p the pearearreprepairair the ch the chairaira ba bearear on the ch on the chairairSentencesSentences Where there is a will, there is a way.Where there is a will, there is a way. He takes special cHe takes special careare of his h of his hairair. ./ /U U / / / U U / / is usually read in the followi

23、ng letters or is usually read in the following letters or letter groups :letter groups : ureure, , ooroor, our, our d dururinging c cureured d c cururiousiousp pureure s sureurely lyE Eururopeope poor poorPair workPair work f fewer ewer and fand fewerewerp pooreroorer and p and pooreroorerthe cthe c

24、ururious tious tourouristist SentencesSentences The doctor from EThe doctor from Eururope said that the ope said that the patient would spatient would sureurely be cly be cureured.d. Im sIm sureure thats p thats pureure gold. gold.PoemPoem On a mOn a mareare goes the may goes the mayoror, ,To the fTo the fairair at the squ at the squareare, ,PrepPrepareared to buy a little bd to buy a little bearear, ,That will sit on his fThat will sit on his fairair c