2016年5月二級(jí)筆譯考試真題與答案

1、2016 年 5 月英語二級(jí)筆譯真題Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Passage 1Jane Goodall was already on a London dock in March 1957 when she realized that her passport was missing. In just a few hours, she was due to depart on her first trip to Africa. A school friend had moved to a farm outside Na

2、irobi and, knowing Goodall ' s childhood dream was to live among the African wildlife, invited her to stay with the family for a while. Goodall, then 22, saved for two years to pay for her passage toKenya: waitressing, doing secretarial work, temping at the post office in her hometown, Bournemou

3、th, on England 'ssouthern coast. Now all this was for naught, it seemed.It ' s hard not to wonder how subsequent events in her liferather consequential as they have turned out to be to conservation, to science, to our sense of ourselves as a species might have unfolded differently had someon

4、e not found her passport, along with an itinerary from Cook' s, the travel agency, folded inside, and delivered it to theCook' s office. An agency representative, documents in hand, found her on the dock. “ Incredible, ” Goodall told me last month, recalling that day.“ Amazing.Within two mon

5、ths of her arrival, Goodall met the paleontologist Louis Leakey Nairobi was a small town for its white population in those days and he immediately offered her a job at the natural-history museum where he was curator. He spent much of the next three years testing her capacity for repetitive work.He b

6、elieved in a hypothesis first put forth by Charles Darwin that humans and chimpanzees share an evolutionary ancestor. Close study of chimpanzees in the wild, he thought, might tell us something about that common progenitor. He was, in other words, looking for someone to live among Africa ' s wil

7、d animals. One night, he told Goodall that he knew just the place where she could do it: Gombe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve, in the British colony of Tanganyika (now Tanzania).In July 1960, Goodall boarded a boat and after a few hours motoring over the warm, deep waters of Lake Tanganyika, she stepped

8、onto the pebbly beach at Gombe.Her finding, published in Nature in 1964, that chimpanzees use tools extracting insects from a termite mound with leaves of grass drastically and forever altered humanity 'usnderstanding of itself; man was no longer the natural world ' s only user of tools.Afte

9、r two and a half decades of living out her childhood dream, Goodall made an abrupt career shift, from scientist to conservationist.Passage 2Scientists have found the first evidence that briny water flowed on the surface of Mars as recently as last summer, a paper published on Monday showed, raising

10、the possibility that the planet could support life.Although the source and the chemistry of the water is unknown, the discovery will change scientists' thinking about whether the planet that is most like Earth in thesolar system could support present day microbial life.The discovery was made whe

11、n scientists developed a new technique to analyze chemical maps of the surface of Mars obtained by NASA' s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft.They found telltale fingerprints of salts that form only in the presence of water in narrow channels cut into cliff walls throughout the planetregion&

12、#39;. s equatorialThe slopes appear during the warm summer months on Mars, then vanish when the temperatures drop. Scientists suspected the streaks were cut by flowing water, but previously had been unable to make the measurements.Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter makes its measurements during the hottest

13、 part of the Martian day, so scientists believed any traces of water, or fingerprints from hydrated minerals, would have evaporated.Also, the chemical-sensing instrument on the orbiting spacecraft cannot home in on details as small as the narrow streaks, which typically are less than 16 feet wide.Bu

14、t Ojha and colleagues created a computer program that could scrutinizeindividual pixels. That data was then correlated with high-resolution images of the streaks. Scientists concentrated on the widest streaks and came up with a 100 percent match between their locations and detections of hydrated sal

15、ts.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)Passage 1人口問題歸根結(jié)底是發(fā)展問題。 人口的急劇增長， 社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速發(fā)展， 給 資源和環(huán)境帶來了空前壓力。 我們要關(guān)注人口增長與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的關(guān)系， 統(tǒng)籌 解決好人口數(shù)量、素質(zhì)、結(jié)構(gòu)和分布問題。人口流動(dòng)和家庭結(jié)構(gòu)變化將對(duì)公共服務(wù)和社會(huì)治理帶來挑戰(zhàn)。 大規(guī)模的人口 流動(dòng)成為推動(dòng)社會(huì)變遷的主要力量， 同時(shí)也加快了家庭的小型化、 多樣化、 離散 化。我們要大力推進(jìn)流動(dòng)人口基本公共服務(wù)均等化， 著力提升流動(dòng)人口服務(wù)管理 水平，確保流動(dòng)人口公平公正地享受城鎮(zhèn)公共資源和社會(huì)福利，全面參與政

16、治、 經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和文化生活，實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)立足、社會(huì)接納、身份認(rèn)同和文化交融。Passage 2本美術(shù)館以收藏、 研究、展示中國近現(xiàn)代至當(dāng)代藝術(shù)家作品為重點(diǎn)的國家藝 術(shù)博物館，是新中國成立以后的國家文化標(biāo)志性建筑。主體大樓為仿古閣樓式， 黃色琉璃瓦大屋頂，四周廊榭圍繞，具有鮮明的民族建筑風(fēng)格。主樓建筑面積 18000多平方米 ，共有 17 個(gè)展覽廳，展覽總面積 8300平方米。中國美術(shù)館現(xiàn)收藏各類美術(shù)作品 10萬余件，以 19世紀(jì)末至今中國藝術(shù)名家 和各時(shí)期代表作品為主， 兼有部分古代書畫和外國藝術(shù)作品， 同時(shí)也包括豐富的 民間美術(shù)作品。建館以來，中國美術(shù)館已舉辦數(shù)千場具有影響的各類美術(shù)展覽， 反映

17、了中國 美術(shù)繁榮發(fā)展的態(tài)勢，也成為中國與國際藝術(shù)交流的重要平臺(tái)。中國美術(shù)館也注重通過網(wǎng)站及 “數(shù)字美術(shù)館 ”項(xiàng)目建設(shè)延展公眾服務(wù)內(nèi)容和手段，網(wǎng)站 3 次改版，建成 10 多個(gè)美術(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫，日益成為美術(shù)信息發(fā)布、檢索 與共享平臺(tái)。2016 年 5 月英語二級(jí)筆譯答案Passage 11957年 3月，簡古多爾已站在倫敦的一個(gè)碼頭上，突然發(fā)覺自己的護(hù)照不 見蹤影了。再過幾個(gè)小時(shí)，她該出發(fā)，踏上第一次去非洲的旅程。她的一位老同 學(xué)移居內(nèi)羅畢郊外的一座農(nóng)場， 知道古多爾自幼夢想與非洲的野生動(dòng)物為伴， 因 此邀請(qǐng)她到家中小住。時(shí)年 22 歲的古多爾花了兩時(shí)時(shí)間積攢去肯尼亞的旅費(fèi)： 她當(dāng)過服務(wù)員，做過文秘，

18、還在家鄉(xiāng)（英格蘭南部海岸伯恩茅斯）的郵局干過臨 時(shí)工?，F(xiàn)在看起來，這一切都白費(fèi)了。令人不禁感到驚訝的是，雖然她后來的生活軌跡證明對(duì)環(huán)保工作，對(duì)科學(xué) 以及對(duì)我們自身作為物種的認(rèn)識(shí)上都至關(guān)重要， 若不是有人撿到護(hù)照和夾在里面 的庫克旅行社的行程表， 并將其交到旅行社辦事處， 這一切都將會(huì)不可能了。 旅 行社的一位代表拿著這些材料在碼頭上找到了她。 上個(gè)月，她回想起那天發(fā)生的 事時(shí)對(duì)我說： “太不可思議了，真是一個(gè)驚喜。 ”古多爾到了肯尼亞后，不到兩個(gè)月，就遇見了古生物學(xué)家路易斯李基。對(duì) 當(dāng)?shù)氐陌兹藖碚f， 內(nèi)羅畢當(dāng)時(shí)就是個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)。 李基在自然史博物館當(dāng)館長。 馬上就 在博物館給她安排了一個(gè)工作。 接下

19、來的三年中， 他花了很多時(shí)間考查她有沒有 反復(fù)做一件工作的能力。路易斯李基相信達(dá)爾文首提的一項(xiàng)假設(shè)： 人類和黑猩猩是由一個(gè)共同祖先進(jìn) 化而來的。他認(rèn)為，如果仔細(xì)觀察野外黑猩猩，我們就能進(jìn)一步了解共同祖先。 換言之，他在物色一個(gè)人，能和非洲的野生動(dòng)物一起生活。一天晚上，他對(duì)古爾 多說，他知道有個(gè)地方正好讓她做這項(xiàng)工作。 貢貝河黑猩猩保護(hù)區(qū)， 地點(diǎn)在英國 殖民地坦噶尼喀（即今坦桑尼亞）1960 年 7 月，古爾多先乘船，然后乘摩托快艇在坦噶尼喀溫暖的水面上航 行數(shù)小時(shí)后，來到貢貝，在布滿鵝卵石的湖岸上下了船。 （2 分）1964 年，她的研究成果在自然雜志上發(fā)表，該成果證明黑猩猩會(huì)使用 工具，用草

20、葉把白蟻堆里的白蟻掏出來。 這徹底改變了人類對(duì)自身的認(rèn)識(shí)： 人類 不再是大自然中唯一會(huì)使用工具的物種。古爾多用25年實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己兒時(shí)夢想后，突然改行，不當(dāng)科學(xué)家，而當(dāng)了一 名環(huán)保工作者。Passage 2科學(xué)家已發(fā)現(xiàn)首個(gè)證據(jù)，表明夏季火星表面可能有鹵水流動(dòng)。非常重要的是 確認(rèn)火星表面有水。這將引發(fā)一系列問題，其中最主要的問題是：水從哪里來， 它對(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)過去和現(xiàn)在的生命跡象意味著什么？他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了能夠證明生命痕跡的鹽指紋。只有遍布火星赤道地區(qū)的懸崖峭壁 上的狹窄溝槽內(nèi)存在水，鹽指紋才能形成。溫暖夏季，火星上出現(xiàn)坡地，一旦降 溫，坡地便消失?？茖W(xué)家們懷疑，火星上的這些溝槽是水流沖刷而成，但以前一 直無法

21、測量這些溝槽。水里含鹽很重要。否則，當(dāng)火星溫度降到刺骨寒冷時(shí)，水就會(huì)凍結(jié)。水可能 源自表層冰，也可能是鹽從稀薄的火星大氣層里吸取的水分， 或者可能是由含水 層的冒泡形成。水的發(fā)現(xiàn)很重要，這會(huì)影響到人們對(duì)于太陽系中最像地球的火星是否能夠?yàn)?今天微生物提供生命支持的思考?；鹦莻刹燔壍涝诨鹦亲顭釙r(shí)進(jìn)行測量， 因此，科學(xué)家們曾認(rèn)為，即使有水痕 或有水合礦物指紋，都可能蒸發(fā)了。而且，軌道航天器上的化學(xué)傳感器不能拍攝 小溝槽，它們通常不到16英尺寬。但是，科學(xué)家開發(fā)了一個(gè)電腦程序，可以仔細(xì)觀測單個(gè)像素。然后，將這些 數(shù)據(jù)與高分辨率圖像上的溝槽進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析， 科學(xué)家集中觀察最寬溝槽，結(jié)果溝 槽的地理位置與檢

22、測到的地理位置與檢測到的水合鹽完全匹配。隨后，美國國家航空航天局發(fā)表新聞公告，宣布 火星秘密已經(jīng)揭開”但卻 絲毫沒有透露所謂 秘密”奧基哈說： 美國國家航空航天局的公告有點(diǎn)言過其 實(shí)了?！边€有太多的謎團(tuán)尚待解開。”不管水從哪里來，液態(tài)水前景如何，哪怕是季節(jié)性的，水的發(fā)現(xiàn)還是展現(xiàn)了 誘人的前景，即：火星可能為生命提供保障。但是，科學(xué)家們還需要獲得更多有 關(guān)水的化學(xué)信息后，才能對(duì)此進(jìn)行評(píng)估。美國國家航空航天局在軌的火星探測器好奇號(hào)”已發(fā)現(xiàn)證據(jù)，證明在過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，火星曾具有適合微生物生命存在的所有物質(zhì)和適宜環(huán)境。漢譯英Passage 1In the final analysis, the po

23、pulation issue is an issue of development. We should pay great atte nti on to the relati on ship betwee n the cha nge in populati on and susta in able developme nt, and give full con siderati on to the relati on ship betwee n the qua ntity, quality, structure and distributio n of the populati on .In

24、 particular, we should focus on the impact of the change in the population structure on economic and social development, incorporate the population issue in to the national plan for economic and social developme nt and make sure that populati on growth is in keep ing with the econo mic and social de

25、velopme nt as well as resources and the en vir onment.Massive population migration has become an important force driving social transformation and economic development, but it has also made families smaller and more diversified, and members of many live in separation. Population migration and cha ng

26、e in family structure pose a challe nge to public services and social gover nance. we should make great efforts to en sure equal access to basic public services among the migrant people and help them get equal opportunities to live and develop in cities and towns,letting them enjoy public resources

27、and social welfare services and participate in political, economic, social and cultural activities on an equal foot in g,become in depe ndent econo mically, gain due social ide ntity and achieve cultural in tegrati on.Passage 2The National Art Museum of China (NAMOC) is a national art museum dedicat

28、ed to collect ion research and exhibiti ons of moder n and con temporary artistic works in China. NAMOC is a national cultural landmark after founding of New China. The main buildi ng, roofed with yellow glazed tiles and surro un ded by corridors and pavilions, features the styles of ancient Chinese attics and traditional architecture. The building, with 17 exhibition halls covers an area of mor