情境交際用語(yǔ)及文化知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)提綱

1、 交際用語(yǔ)及文化知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)提綱I. 常見(jiàn)交際情景的問(wèn)答 日常問(wèn)候Hi! / Hello! /Hi! Hello!Good morning/afternoon/evening!Good morning/afternoon/evening!How are you?Fine, thank you, and you?How do you do?How do you do?How are you getting/going on？How are you doing? How are things going?Well./ Not bad, thank you.Just so-so一般般Hows every

2、thing? Fine / not too bad. Just so-so一般般Please remember me to! / Say hello tofrom me!Please give my love / regards / best wishes to!Of course . I will. Thank you. I certainly willBill sends his best wishes/love to you !Oh, thats very nice of him.祝賀祝愿Id like to congratulate you on / Congratulations.T

3、hank you/Thanks a lot / Many thanks. I am realy lucky.Have a good trip /journey. Happy birthday to you.I wish you success. Good luck. Thank you. Thanks a lot / Many thanks.Happy new year! Merry Christmas!The same to you!Thank you. May you be the same.邀請(qǐng)Will you come to? / Would you like to?Could you

4、 come and?Id like to invite you to?Do you feel like.?Yes, Id love/like to. / Yes, I will.With pleasure. / All right. /That would be nice.Yes, why not?Id love/like to, but. / but I am afraid.提議Why not do sth? /Why dont you do sth?(That is a) good idea. Thatis fine/great（It）sounds great/a good idea.Wh

5、at about /how about doing sth?Shall we ? / Lets.建議勸告Can you give me some advice on?Youd better (not) do sth. You should /ought to do sth.I suggest/advise that you should do sth. I advise you to do sth.It is a good idea. I'll have a try.Id love to, but提供幫助Can/Shall I help you?Is there anything I

6、can do for you?Would you like me to?Do you want me to?What can I do for you?Let me give you a hand. Let me give you a ride/lift.Do you need a ride/gift?That would be nice/fine. Thanks.That couldnt be better.That is very kind/nice of you.All right. Thank you. (That ) couldnt be better.No, thanks. I c

7、an manage it myselfThank you all the same/anyway.That is very kind of you, but/Please dont bother告別I am afraid. I must be off/going/leaving.It is time. I have to go now.Good- bye! / See you (later/tomorrow.)So long！(Its been) nive meeting you.Nice having you here你能來(lái)真好I hope we can see each other aga

8、in.See you next time / so long!問(wèn)時(shí)間What day is it today?Its Sunday/Monday.What is the date today?It is September 20th.Excuse me. May I have the time?what is the time by your watch?Excuse me. Have you got time? Pardon me, do you have the time?It is 10 oclock.My watch says twenty past eight.征求許可Would y

9、ou mind if I did sth?Do you mind if I do sth?Do you mind doing sth?Not at all. / Not a bit./ Certainly not. Go ahead/Please yourself請(qǐng)便 Yes. (Youd) better not. Im sorry, but Id rather you didnt.May /Can I use your bike?I wonder if I could use your bike?Of course /Sure /Certainly. Help yourself. By al

10、l means!I am sorry, but.商店飯店旅店May I help you?/What can I do for you?May I have your order?Anything to follow? 還要什么嗎？Let me checkTake your time.慢慢看/選吧！Id like some.Do you have a larger size?Id like a double room for 2 nights.I want to look at the menu.電話用語(yǔ)Hello! Isin?May I speak to?Id like to speak t

11、o?Is that (speaking?)Whos that /it?This is .speaking. /Speaking, please. It is here.Hold the line/Hold on/Hang on, please.He/She isnt here/available right now. May I have your message?Can I take a message for you?Would you like to leave a message?感謝Many thanks ! / Thanks (for)Thank you very much/so

12、much (for)It is very kind of you to do.(It is )a pleasure /my pleasure. Thats all right. /Thats ok. Dont mention it. You are welcome Not at all.It/That is nothing. Forget it.Glad to have helped you.道歉Excuse me for(Im )sorry to have done sth （I am）so sorry for doing sthPardon me, sir. I did not do it

13、 on purpose. Im terribly/awfully sorry. I didnt mean to.Never mind. It doesnt matter. Thats(quite) all right. That is OK. That is nothing. Not at all. Please dont be worried. Dont think any more about it. Dont mention it.II幾個(gè)常見(jiàn)的交際用語(yǔ)的使用及比較1 That is all right.沒(méi)關(guān)系; 不客氣（用于別人道歉或致謝時(shí)）That is right說(shuō)得對(duì) (相當(dāng)于y

14、ou are right.) -It will be too late when you know it. That is right. 行了/夠啦?。▽?duì)別人所做之事憤怒）That is right. Just go out and leave me to do the dishes as usual. All right: 不錯(cuò) -How is the school going, Steve? -Oh, all right. I guess. 沒(méi)事的Id better go and make sure she is all right. Everything will be all righ

15、t好的，行(=ok) -Can you get my dress ready by Friday? - All right. You'll have it soon.2. with pleasure十分樂(lè)意(用于別人求助時(shí)) Can you fix the radio for me? With pleasure非常樂(lè)意（用于邀請(qǐng)時(shí)) Will you come? -With pleasure, Madam. ( It is /That is ) a /my pleasure別客氣 (用于別人道謝時(shí)) Thank you for your timely help. My pleasure

16、3. Dont mention it. 不用客氣(主要用于別人道謝時(shí)) - Thanks for the ride home. Dont mention it. Piece of cake. 沒(méi)關(guān)系（少數(shù)情況下也可用來(lái)回答道歉）-I apologize for what I said. -Dont mention it. 4. No problem 沒(méi)問(wèn)題 (=By all means / Out of question答應(yīng)別人) -Could you post the letter for me? -No problem. 沒(méi)問(wèn)題；不在話下” (表示有能力做某事) -Can you make

17、 a kite? -No problem. 沒(méi)問(wèn)題(用來(lái)表示安慰) -Ive left my money at home. -(Thats) no problem. I can lend you some. 不用謝/別客氣 (主要用于美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中) -Thank you very much. -No problem.沒(méi)關(guān)系/沒(méi)什么” (主要用于美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中) - Im sorry to have kept you waiting. - No problem5. Forget it沒(méi)關(guān)系/別在意（用來(lái)回答道歉) Im really sorry to have broken your vase. Fo

18、rget it. Ive got many.別放在心上(表示某物/事不重要) How much do I owe you？ 我欠你多少錢(qián)？ -Forget it.算不了什么/不用謝了(用于回答感謝) -Im most grateful to you for your help. - Oh, Its nothing, Forget it.別提它了(表示不想重復(fù)剛才的話) What was that? I didnt hear. Forget it. Nothing 休想/不可能 Can you lend me 1000 dollars? -Forget it. No way. -If you a

19、re thinking of getting Tom to help, forget it. 別說(shuō)了/省省吧(表示對(duì)別人所說(shuō)的有點(diǎn)煩) Forget it. It's been set for weeks. 6. Dont you think? 你說(shuō)呢?/你說(shuō)是嗎?(用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方的看法) -It must be a very good book, dont you think?難道你不這樣認(rèn)為嗎?(委婉的否定/反駁)-He married a beautiful girl. -Oh, really? But I think she is a little too short, dont

20、 you think?7. at your service 愿為您效勞！ I'm at your service no matter what you ask me to do聽(tīng)候吩咐 Peter ? -At your service, Madame.8. excuse me勞駕 (打聽(tīng)情況/引人注意)- Excuse me, but will you please lend me a match?-Excuse me, sir, will you tell me the way to the post office? 對(duì)不起(客氣地打斷別人的話) -Excuse me, telegr

21、am has just arrived. 勞駕；對(duì)不起(經(jīng)過(guò)別人面前時(shí))He pushed his way through the crowd, saying "Excuse me. "對(duì)不起(表示中途退席或暫時(shí)告退-Excuse me, just a moment. 對(duì)不起，請(qǐng)稍候-Excuse me, Ill be back in a minute. 用來(lái)對(duì)有失禮儀的行為表示抱歉。 打嗝時(shí)/噴嚏時(shí)說(shuō)一聲 Oh, excuse me. if youll excuse me 如果你們介意的話If youll excuse me, Ill go back to my offi

22、ce. 8. go ahead說(shuō)吧/做吧/開(kāi)始吧/請(qǐng)便（表示同意或允許）-May I start? -Yes, go ahead. -Will you do me a favour? -Go ahead. 說(shuō)吧-Do you mind if I smoke? -No, go ahead不，你抽吧 繼續(xù)吧（表示繼續(xù)做某事）-Go ahead, were all listening. 繼續(xù)講吧， 我們都在聽(tīng)呢!-Dont interrupt me when I am explaining -All right, go ahead. 9 Hang on 別掛斷（=hold on）-Hang on!

23、Ill call him.等一下(用作電話以外的情況) -Were going, Mary. -Hang on a minute. Im not quite ready. 10. help yourself隨便吃 (招呼客人吃東西)-Make yourself at home, and help yourself to anything you like. 請(qǐng)自便，自已拿吧(客氣地允許別人做某事) -Can I use your dictionary? -Yes, help yourself. -Can I have a drink? -Help yourself. 11. after you

24、! 你先請(qǐng)(用作進(jìn)出門(mén)或進(jìn)餐等場(chǎng)合) -After you, sir. -Thanks. 表示你用完后請(qǐng)讓我. -After you with the newspaper, please. 你看完報(bào)后請(qǐng)讓我看。12. Not at all不用謝；不客氣(回答感謝) -Thanks for helping me. -Not at all. I enjoyed it. 沒(méi)關(guān)系(回答道歉)-Im sorry to keep you waiting. -Not at all. Ive been here only a few minutes. 一點(diǎn)也不/不見(jiàn)意（回答Would you mind）-Do

25、 you mind my opening the window? -Not at all, go ahead.13. I bet. 我敢肯定；保證沒(méi)錯(cuò)(有把握或信心) -I bet he (will) win. 我肯定會(huì)贏。You bet. 當(dāng)然啦；那還用說(shuō)(表示對(duì)方所提出的事實(shí)是顯然的) -Can you do it? -You bet. 當(dāng)然啦。 -I think he knows the secret. -You bet (he does). 14. Good luck祝你走運(yùn) Ill take an important exam. Good luck. Bad luck / Hard

26、luck/ ill luck 運(yùn)氣真不好! 真倒霉(同情或安慰某人 -Bad luck! Better luck next time. Congratulations 祝賀你 Congratulations on your new job!15. 表贊同對(duì)方的話，同意對(duì)方的請(qǐng)求幾個(gè)特殊表達(dá) I cant agree more再同意不過(guò)了.Absolutely /Exactly/Definitely完全是如此；正是 -can I talk to you for a minute? -absolutely, come in. -Do you mean he is to blame -Exactly

27、 absolutely not 絕對(duì)不行；絕對(duì)不會(huì)（表示強(qiáng)烈的否定或拒絕）-Do you think I can trust him? -Absolutely not. Not exactly 不見(jiàn)得；不完全是-Do you mean to say hell refuse us? -Not exactly -S0 you missed the meeting. Not exactly. I got there five minutes earlier before it started. not really確實(shí)不行 - Do you think we can get to the stati

28、on on time? -Not really unless we take a taxi. 不完全是 -Do you hate other's smoking in the office? -Not really. -Do   you   enjoy   the   party   last   night?   -Not   really. by all means 當(dāng)然可以/沒(méi)問(wèn)題 -May I borrow your bicycle? -By all means. by no means絕不 out

29、 of the question不可能/不行 16. 常用的幾個(gè)省略表達(dá)： If so：如果是那樣的話 If not：如果不那樣的話 What if.如果出現(xiàn)某種情況怎么辦 How come +.從句? 怎么會(huì)/為什么出現(xiàn)某種情況; If only.! 但愿；要是.就好了 So what.?那又能怎么樣呢？ （表示不在乎，不服氣的語(yǔ)氣）III. 口語(yǔ)表達(dá)中常用的幾個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)1. 課本中出現(xiàn)的一些習(xí)語(yǔ)及俗語(yǔ)as cool as a cucumber非常冷靜 as busy as a bee非常忙碌 as hungry as a lion eat like a bird吃得少 as white as

30、a sheet 蒼白 sleep like a log睡得很熟 have butterflies in ones stomach緊張 as plain as day一清二楚 ones cup of tea喜愛(ài)/合脾性的東西 a piece of cake / as easy as a pie /childs play小菜一碟/易事一件 off the top of ones head不加思索地;即興地rain cats and dogs 下傾盆大大雨 The world is your oyster某人機(jī)會(huì)多多/前途無(wú)量 cost an arm and leg代價(jià)昂貴 play it safe

31、求穩(wěn);不冒險(xiǎn)ones flesh and blood某人的親人；血肉之軀 kill the fatted calf設(shè)宴慶祝mend ones ways改邪歸正 feet of clay 泥足、致命的弱點(diǎn)the salt of the earth高尚/誠(chéng)實(shí)的人;社會(huì)中堅(jiān)分子 a little bird told me別問(wèn)，反正有人告訴我 the apple of ones eye 掌上明珠 a wet blanket 掃興的人 on top of the world高興得很,興奮到極點(diǎn) be up in the air未定;懸而未決 Be all ears, 洗耳恭聽(tīng) laugh off one

32、's head笑破肚皮; 笑掉大牙2. Okay.  Just checking. 好吧.   我只是隨口問(wèn)問(wèn). 3. I don't have skeleton in my closet. 我沒(méi)有什么不可告人的秘密. 4. we are in the same boat意思是處境相同 We both have no jobs; we are in the same boat5. It is like “kill two

33、 birds with one stone”正所謂”一石二鳥(niǎo)” 6. Stop pulling my legs 不要開(kāi)玩笑了 | 別愚弄了 Are you kidding? 你在開(kāi)玩笑吧7. call it a day 就此結(jié)束，到此結(jié)束 I think we should call it a day8. birds of feather.一丘之貉。 9. black sheep.敗家子；害群之馬；無(wú)用之輩。10. dark horse.黑馬；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中出人意料的獲勝者。11. give an ear to 聽(tīng)一聽(tīng) The owner of the factory gave an ear to t

34、he complaints of the workers. 12. cats paw. 被人當(dāng)爪牙利用的人；受人愚弄的人。13. dont count ones chickens before they are hatched.不要過(guò)早樂(lè)觀, 不要過(guò)早打如意算盤(pán)。14. lead a dogs life.過(guò)者悲慘的生活。15. fly on the wheel. 狂妄自大的人； 盲目自大的人。16. pull dog, pull cat.激烈的比賽；加把勁。17. a bad apple 壞蛋; 惹麻煩，不誠(chéng)實(shí)的人 18. at sixes and sevens， 亂七八糟 19. the l

35、ast straw 忍無(wú)可忍Thats the last straw. You're fired!最后一擊/導(dǎo)火線The quarrel seems to have been the last straw to their marriagegrasp at a straw 抓救命稻草The criminal tried to grasp at a straw by feigning mental disorder. 20. a stone's throw 一箭之遙, 不遠(yuǎn)的地方 He lives only a stone's throw from here. 21. a

36、s clear as mud 不清晰，很混亂Your explanation is as clear as mud. 22. behind the scenes（behind the curtain） 幕后 He is the man behind the scenes. 23.between ourselves 秘密地說(shuō) Between ourselves, there are no secrets. 24.down and out 窮困潦倒，孤苦無(wú)助People should lend him a helpful hand；he's really down and out. 25.

37、ups and downs 盛衰，浮沉Life is hardThere are a lot of ups and downs in one's life.26. ins and outs 錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜事物的因果After careful investigation, he got to know the ins and outs of the accident.27. You can't beat it. 這是第一流的，比不上的。When it comes to playing football, you can't beat Billy.28. waste one

38、9;s breath 白費(fèi)唇舌it's no use talking to him, you'll only waste your breath. 29. let sleeping dogs lie 莫惹是非Don't tell the teacher what you have done. Let sleeping dogs lie. 30. It's in God's hands 聽(tīng)天由命It's in God's hands and we have prepared for the worst. 31. in the dog hou

39、se 窘迫，陷入困境The whole team was in the doghouse because they lost the game. 32.get one's goat 使人發(fā)怒或厭惡33. beat ones brains (out) 指做事困難，"傷透了腦筋" I beat my brains (out) to get a job. 34. kind   of / sort   of / something of 有些，某種程度上(相當(dāng)于一副詞) I   kind   of   sympathize

40、  with   the   officer   killed   in   Beijing.  I   am   sort   of   dissatisfied   with   your   customer   service.IV. 回歸課本之Idioms(習(xí)語(yǔ)), Siomiles(明喻)，metaphors（暗喻）, euphemism(婉詞) and allusions（典故）1.Going to work every day b

41、ecame a chore for him, and he could hardly wait to find a new and exciting job. (瑣碎的雜事)2. black is white and white is black: 顛倒黑白 3 be a weed(雜草/小草)：指軟弱、不勇敢 4. cast iron nerves(鑄鐵般的神經(jīng)) = a very strong will堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志 5. as sly(狡猾)as a fox 非常狡猾6.a mind like a computer=systematic thought非常系統(tǒng)的思想 7. as sharp

42、as a spear(矛):很敏銳；很聰明 8. As a business person, you cant be a mouse(膽小). You have to be a tiger(膽大進(jìn)取的) 9. feel blue: 傷心難過(guò) feel down 心情糟糕10. I promised my mother that I would be as good as gold while she was out. (=be well behaved) 很乖11. I caught a cold and have been as sick as a dog all week. 病得很重12.

43、 My grandfather might be old but he is still as hard as nails.(=very tough)很強(qiáng)狀/強(qiáng)硬13. One mans meat is another mans poison: 對(duì)某人有利的對(duì)另外的人未必有利; 蘿卜白菜，各有所愛(ài)14. When her husband died, the womans friends were her rock.(=support)支持15. I need to get a drink. My mouth is as dry as a bone.(=very thirsty )很口渴16.

44、His new plan looked very good on paper. （=in theory）理論上17. Since the chairmans death, the society(協(xié)會(huì))was on its last legs. (瀕臨崩潰)18. Last year, my father set up a club for senior citizens. (老人)19. This school is for people who are physically challenged.(身體殘疾的)20. He is the man who brought technology

45、 to the man in the street.（普通蘇動(dòng)人民）21. My father has lots of free time because he is between jobs at the moment. (失業(yè)的)22. The murderer would spend the rest of his life in the citys correctional facility.(監(jiān)獄)23. be econimical with the truth不老實(shí)，不全說(shuō)實(shí)話 24. body count:現(xiàn)場(chǎng)死亡人數(shù)25. in his golden years =in his

46、 old age 26. downsizing=reducing employment裁員27. a confidential source = an informer告發(fā)者；告密者 28. pass away =die29. person of interest=suspect in a crime犯罪嫌疑人 30. pre-owned =second-hand二手的31. capital punishment=death penalty死刑 32. in the black 盈利、賺錢(qián)、順差New production methods put the company in the blac

47、k. in the red 負(fù)債,虧空,赤字Sales began to drop and the company was soon in the red.33. I learned to control the expenses. Actually some friends say I am a bit of Scrooge.(極其吝嗇之人)34. When I went home for the holidays, I felt a bit like the prodigal son.（浪子回頭；敗家仔）35. The board member (董事會(huì)成員)was a sacred co

48、w to the company.（圣牛, 神圣之物）36. Terry was over the moon because his favorite team had just won the match.( 無(wú)比幸福)37. By applying for a credit card we were opening Pandoras box.( 潘多拉盒子, 災(zāi)難/麻煩之源)38. After failing to get funding for his research, he is facing his Waterloo. (滑鐵盧,(大成功后的)慘敗)39. She has done

49、 a lot of charity work this year and is a real Mother Teresa. （無(wú)私為別人工作心善之人） a good Samaritan幫助困境中的人好心人40. Achilles heel阿基里斯之踵； 唯一致命的弱點(diǎn) 41. a Herculean task艱巨的工作41. catch-22：第22條軍規(guī)，指令人左右為難的規(guī)定; 無(wú)法擺脫之困境 42. Mickey Mouse course很容易不被人重視的課程 43. Jack was burning the midnight oil last night. 開(kāi)夜車(chē),工作到深更半夜44.

50、She said I looked in need of a square meal. 豐盛的一餐 45.shoes for full-figure mena and women (=fat)46. as happy as Larry:非常開(kāi)心 47.be at odds爭(zhēng)執(zhí)、不一致 48. be at a loss茫然不知所措 49. Friendly fire was given as the cuse of the young soldiers death（被自已人誤傷） 50. That man is a Judas-he sold his best friendss secrets猶

51、大（叛徒）V. 英語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)名言精選 A bad workman always blames his tools.不會(huì)撐船怪河彎。A bird in the hand is worth than two in the bush.一鳥(niǎo)在手勝過(guò)雙鳥(niǎo)在林。Actions speak louder than words.事實(shí)勝于雄辯。A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。A friend in need is a friend indeed.患難見(jiàn)真情。A good beginning is half done.良好的開(kāi)端是成功的一半。A good b

52、ook is a good friend.好書(shū)如摯友。A good fame is better than a good face.美名勝過(guò)美貌。A good medicine tastes bitter.良藥苦口。A great talker is a great liar.說(shuō)大話者多謊言。A leopard cannot change its spots.積習(xí)難改。A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.說(shuō)謊者即使講真話也沒(méi)人相信。A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.一知半解，自欺欺人。Al

53、l good things come to an end.天下沒(méi)有不散的筵席。All roads lead to Rome.條條大路通羅馬。All that ends well is well.結(jié)果好，就一切都好。All that glitters is not gold.閃光的不一定都是金子。All things are difficult before they are easy.凡事總是由難而易。All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只會(huì)用功不玩耍，聰明孩子也變傻。A man becomes learned by asking questi

54、ons.不恥下問(wèn)才能有學(xué)問(wèn)。A man can do no more than he can.凡事都應(yīng)量力而行。A man cannot spin and reel at the same time.一心不能二用。A man is known by his friends.什么人交什么朋友。A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds.光說(shuō)空話不做事，猶如花園光長(zhǎng)刺。An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一蘋(píng)果，不用請(qǐng)醫(yī)生。An old dog cannot learn new tricks.老狗學(xué)不出新把戲。An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.預(yù)防為主，治療為輔。As a man sows, so he shall reap.種瓜得瓜，種豆得豆。A single flower does not make a spring.一花獨(dú)放不是春，百花齊放春滿(mǎn)園。A sound mind in a sound body.健全的精神寓于健康的身體。A still tongue makes a wise head.寡言者智。A straight foot is not a