完整虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法表格歸納圖

1、狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣在if引導(dǎo)的條件句中的用法三點(diǎn)：從句（條件）主句（目的）表示于現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(be用were)IfIhadtime,Iwouldattendthemeeting.主語(yǔ)+would(shouldcouldmight)+動(dòng)詞原型表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的擬條件句If+主語(yǔ)+had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.主語(yǔ)+would(shouldcouldmight)+have+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句1、If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式2、If+主語(yǔ)+wereto+動(dòng)詞原

2、形3、If+主語(yǔ)+should+動(dòng)詞原形IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoAmerica.主語(yǔ)+would(couldshouldmight)+動(dòng)詞原型錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句一一主從句時(shí)間/、一致的情況下的虛擬語(yǔ)氣有時(shí)條件從句中的動(dòng)作與主句中的動(dòng)作，發(fā)生的時(shí)1用不一致,這是動(dòng)作的形式應(yīng)根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間加以調(diào)整。Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.含蓄條件句有時(shí)虛擬條件句并沒(méi)用if從句表示出來(lái)，而是用介詞短語(yǔ)（othe

3、rwise,or,without,butfor）上下文或其他方式來(lái)表示。1 .條件暗含在短語(yǔ)中；2 .條件暗含在上卜義中；3 .虛擬式變?yōu)榱?xí)慣說(shuō)法，很難找出其暗含的條件。條件從句中省略if采用倒裝語(yǔ)序的情況在if引導(dǎo)的表示虛擬的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，有時(shí)可以把虛擬條件中的連詞if省去，而將had,should,were等助動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)之前。例：原句：1:Ifshewereyounger,she,woulddoit.去if:Weresheyounger,she,woulddoit.2:Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.去if:Hadyoucomeearlie

4、r,youwouldhavemethim3:Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.去if:Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句中1.表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在情況有懷疑，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。Hetreatstheboyasifhewerehisownson.2.表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。Hespokeasifhehadknownaboutit.3.表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，（表示將來(lái)的可能性不大，用would(might,could)+

5、動(dòng)詞原形Heactsasifhecouldwininthegame.注意：1.在asif/asthough句中，如果有可能成為事實(shí)，用陳述語(yǔ)氣。例:Helooksasifhegoingtobeill.2.asthough或asif引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，從句中可省略主語(yǔ)和部分謂語(yǔ)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在lest,forfearthat,sothat及inorderthat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中表示“以防，以免”等意思謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用should/could/might+動(dòng)詞原型構(gòu)成Forfearthatitmayraintomorrow,weshouldbringanumbrella.由“p

6、roviding(that)/provided(that)/onconditionthat/suppose(that)/supposing(that)”引導(dǎo)的條件從句根據(jù)情況，1.可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。例：suppose/supposingthatitrained,weshouldn'tgoout.2.也可以用陳述語(yǔ)氣。例：Theyarewillingtosurrenderprovidedtheyaregivenfreepardon.“Incase”引導(dǎo)的從句中即可用陳述句，也可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should)+動(dòng)詞原型例：1.Thegamewillbeputoffincaseit(should

7、)snow.2.Thegamewillbeputoffincaseitsnows.名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣一：賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1.在動(dòng)詞wish/hope后的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或過(guò)去進(jìn)行式。Iwish(that)Iwereabird.對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬：從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去元成時(shí)，或would,could,might+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。Iwish(that)Ihadseenthefilmlastnight.對(duì)將來(lái)情況的虛擬：從句謂語(yǔ)“would/should/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形”。Iwish(that)Iwouldcou

8、ldgo.在表小建議，叩令，要求，忠告，等動(dòng)詞的后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣均以“should+動(dòng)詞原型”表示這種語(yǔ)氣，“should”常被省略。Wesuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Theyinsistedthattheboy(should)gowiththem.常用的此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有：表/、提議，勸告，建議的：propose,suggest,recommend,advise.Wtk的：ask,desire,request,demand,require,beg表小同思，堅(jiān)持的：insist表/、決te,命令的：decide,order注忌：suggest

9、,insist小表上建議或堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時(shí)，即它們用于其本意暗示，表明，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。Thesmileonhisfacesuggested(日自力、)thathewassatisfiedwithourwork.Themaninsisted【堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為】thathehadneverstolenthemoney.在expect,believe,think,suspect等動(dòng)詞的否定或疑問(wèn)形式后的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣經(jīng)常用“should+動(dòng)詞原型(或完成形式)，表示驚奇，懷疑，不滿(mǎn)等情緒。Icannotbelievethatyoushouldthinkso.Wouldrather,

10、hadrather,后的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)相反Iwouldratheryoutoldmethetruth.用過(guò)去完成式表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反。表示“寧愿做什么”或“對(duì)過(guò)去做的事的懊悔”。IwouldratheryouhadgonetherelastSunday.注忌：1.若某人愿自己做某事，wouldrather后用動(dòng)詞原型2.wouldrather.than中用動(dòng)詞原型Iwouldratherdoitbymyself.IwouldratherwatchTVathomethangotothecinema.主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣“Itis(was)+形容詞(或過(guò)去分詞

11、)+that.”結(jié)構(gòu)中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表達(dá)形式為should+動(dòng)詞原形或省略shouldIt'squitenecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.常用的形容詞：natural,appropriate,advisable,necessary,important,urgent,probable,possible,desirable,strange。注意：在上述所列形容詞后面用that引出的賓語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。例：Idon'tthinkitadvisablethattombeassignedtothejobsincehehasnoexperien

12、ce.(湯姆缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，指派他做這項(xiàng)工作我認(rèn)為是不恰當(dāng)?shù)?.在“Itis(was)+名詞+that.”結(jié)構(gòu)句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示建議，命令，請(qǐng)求，道歉，懷疑，驚奇等。It'sapitythatyou(should)missagoodchance.這類(lèi)名t司有：advice,decision,desire,demand,idea,order,pity,proposal,recommendation,suggestion,surprise,wish,wonder等。表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣某些表示建議，請(qǐng)求，命令等主觀意向的名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后的表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從表達(dá)形式為should+動(dòng)

13、詞原型或直接用動(dòng)詞原型。Myideaisthatwe(should)thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit.Weallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.在Itisdemanded/suggested/ordered/required.句需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣that-clause句型中從句用（should）+動(dòng)詞原型Itisdemandedthatweshouldworkoutaplan.這類(lèi)名詞常見(jiàn)的有：demand,desire,requirement,advice,recommendation,suggesti

14、on,order,necessity,proposal,plan,idea。在Itis(about/high)time+that定語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示“該做.的時(shí)候了”其動(dòng)詞形式用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或should+動(dòng)詞原型Itishightimethatyouwent/shouldgotoschool.注思：在thisisthefirsttime/secondtimethat.句型中,從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用陳述語(yǔ)氣完成時(shí)態(tài)。Thisisthesecondtimethatwehaveachievedsuchagreatsuccess.Ifonly引起的感嘆句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣Ifonly引出感嘆句，意思是“要是.

15、多好”，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的一種愿望。表示現(xiàn)在的情況，應(yīng)用過(guò)去式;表示過(guò)去的情況，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)表7K將來(lái)的情況，用would+動(dòng)詞原形例：Ifonlyhedidn'tdrivesofast!（現(xiàn)在）LookattheterriblesituationIamin!ifonlyIhadfollowedyouradvice（過(guò)去）Ifonlytherainwouldstop.（將來(lái)）evenif(eventhough)引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示一種讓步語(yǔ)氣，即使.也做不成某事。表示現(xiàn)在的情況，應(yīng)用過(guò)去式表示過(guò)去的情況，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)Evenifhewerehere,hecouldnot

16、solvetheproblem.EvenifIhadbeenbusythen,Iwouldhavehelpedyou.Choosethebestanswer:Itisstrangethatthelittleboyspeaktwoforeignlanguages.A.couldb.canC.shouldD.would2. Hegaveordersthattheexperimentbefore5:30pm.A.befinishedB.willfinishC.mustbefinished3. Heyoumorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.A,mighthavegivenB.mightgiveC.mayhavegiven4. WithouttheleadershipoftheParty,therenoNewChina.A.wouldbeB.hasbeenC.shouldbeD.was5. HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhethere.hadbeenB.hasbeenC.wasD.hasgone6. The