M3U3語法主謂一致

1、M3U3 grammar 主謂一致主謂一致是指：1) 語法形式和意義上要一致，即單復(fù)數(shù)形式，意義上與謂語要一致。2) 就近原則，即謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)形式取決于最靠近它的詞語。一：當(dāng)主語屬于以下情況時(shí)，謂語要用單數(shù)形式：1) 當(dāng)主語是單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)The city(found) in the 8 th century BC.The food they offered on the pla ne(be) delicious.2) 表示金錢，時(shí)間，價(jià)格，距離，書名或度量衡的復(fù)合名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語一般 用單數(shù)。Three weeks(allow) for maki ng the n ecessar

2、y preparati ons.Ten yuan(be) eno ugh.Little Wome n(be) a great no vel.3) 動(dòng)名詞，不定式或從句充當(dāng)主語時(shí)Travelli ng to Pompeii(be) excit ing.That it keeps raining cats and dogs(worry) the tourists.4) ma ny a+單數(shù)名詞作主語，意義雖為“許多”，但謂語要用單數(shù)形式。Many a student has been to Shanghai.許多學(xué)生到過上海。5) more than one+單數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語要用單數(shù)形式Mor

3、e than one student has ever been to Beijing.不止一個(gè)學(xué)生曾經(jīng)去過北京。二：當(dāng)主語屬于以下情況時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式：1) 主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)Both cities(be) very wealthy, attract ing people from all over the coun try.2) 主語是由and連接的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的詞或詞組時(shí)Con trary to what we had expected, the no odles and rice they served on the pla ne(be)quite delicious.注意：當(dāng)

4、主語由and連結(jié)時(shí)，如果它表示一個(gè)單一的概念，即指同一人或同一物 時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，and此時(shí)連接的兩個(gè)詞前只有一個(gè)冠詞。The iron and steel industry(be) very importa nt to our life.鋼鐵工業(yè)對(duì)我們的生活勻The League secretary and mon itorasked to make a speech at the meeti ng.A. isB. wasC. areD. were3) the+形容詞，表示一類人，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)The poor are happy while the rich are upset.The

5、 oldhere.(在這老人得至U很好的照顧。)三：特殊情況1) 當(dāng)主語是all of/most of/some of/half of/a part of +名詞或代詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式與名詞或代詞保持一致。All of us(atte nd) the lecture about Pompeii.Most of the lecture(be) about how the ancient city was discovered.2) 分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞作主語時(shí),句中的謂語動(dòng)詞由后面的名詞來決定：如果是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或者表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的集體名詞，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。E

6、g Three fourth s of the earth s s_u_r_fa_c_e_ (be) water.Eg Sixty percent of the people ( 參加 ) the activity.3) 當(dāng)主語是 crowd, class, family, public, government 和 team 等集合名詞時(shí)， 如果 該集合名詞表示一個(gè)組織或單位的概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如果該集合名詞 表示組織或單位里一些個(gè)體的概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。His family (be) very large.His family (be) music lovers.但集合名詞 p

7、eople, police, cattle 等在任何情況下都用復(fù)數(shù)形式。(be) there any police around?周圍有警察嗎？4) 當(dāng)主語是 news, physics, maths 等一類詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。當(dāng)主語是 goods, clothes, earnin gs(收入),rema ins, 和 bel ongin gs (所有物)等一類詞時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The latest news (be) that the Loulan Beauty is on exhibition in Shanghai.These remains (preserve) for re

8、search in the future.5) works(作品),means(方法),sheep, fish等名詞單復(fù)數(shù)同形，要從上下文判 斷其具體意義來決定單復(fù)數(shù)。Every means ( 都試過了 )6) 定語從句中，在“ one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”中，定語從句謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。在“ the onl y/the one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”中，定語從句謂語用單數(shù)。John is one of the students who to London.(去過倫敦 )John is the only one of the students who to London.(去過倫敦 )7

9、) a number of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示“許多的” ，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。the number of +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示“的數(shù)量”，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。The number of visitors to Frinley has now increased.The number of students in our class 41 我們班學(xué)生的數(shù)量是 41 人。A number of students trees on the hill 許多學(xué)生在小山上植樹。8) what 引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)，如果其含義是單數(shù)，謂語用單數(shù)。如果其含義是復(fù)數(shù)， 謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。What I need (be) ti

10、me. What we need (be) books.四：主謂一致中的就近原則當(dāng)用 eitheror,neithernor,not only but also ,和 notbut連接句子 主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式和與其最近的主語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式保持一致。Either the team leader or the guides the students. ( 正在照顧 )Either the guides or the team leader the students. ( 正在照顧 )注：一般疑問句謂語動(dòng)詞與第一個(gè)主語保持一致。 (be) he or I going there?五：主謂一致

11、中的就遠(yuǎn)原則當(dāng)主語后面跟有 with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等詞 引起的短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語一致。The teacher together with some students (visit)the factory.老師和學(xué)生一起正在參觀工廠。He as well as I to go boating. 他和我都想去劃船。鞏固練習(xí)1. A library with five thousand books to the nation as a gift.A. is offered B. ha

12、s offered C. are offered D. have offered2. The police determined to bring back the missing boy when his family almostgiven up all hope. A. is, has B. are, have C. are, has D. is, have3. I have finished a large part of the book; the rest more difficult.A. is B. are C. was D. were4. Ten minutes an hou

13、r when one is waiting for an important call.A. seems B. seem C. like D. feels5. Its not you but Mr. Anderson who to answer for the incident.A. are B. were C. is D. was6. -Mike, what did your monitor say just now?- Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who to visit the museum asked tobe at the

14、 school gat before 6:30.A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is7. My driving license, rather than my credit cards, lost.A. have B. are C. is D. has8. That they were wrong in these matters now clear to us all.A. is B. was C. are D. were9. The wounded sent to the hospital at once.A. were B. are C.

15、 is D. was10. A number of students for an outing. The number of them fifty.A. have gone; are B. has gone; is C. has gone; are D. have gone; is11. When and where to build the subway yet.A. are not decided B. have not been decidedC. is not being decided D. has not been decided12. This is one of the be

16、st novels that appeared this year.A. have been B. has C. had been D. have13. A large quantity of information, as well as some timely help _ since the organization was built.A. has offered B. had been offered C. have been offered D. is offered14. It I who leaving for London.A. is isB. am isC. is amD.

17、 am am15. Each of the students in our class great interest in English and they each acopy of New Concept English.A. shows; haveB. have; has C. is; haveD. takes; has16. Not only politics but also English is important. In other word, is important.A. English, as well as politicsB. politics as well as E

18、nglishC. both politics and EnglishD. politics as well as the English17. About one third of the people in Beijing and Shanghai netizens, but in poorer areas,only three or four percent online.A. is; isB. are; areC. are; isD. is; are18. He said that the twelfth and last lesson rather difficult.A. wereB

19、. wasC. will beD. are19. No one in the department but Tom and I that the director is going to resign.A. knows B. know C. have knownD. am to know20. She has set a new record, that is, the sales（ 銷售量 ） of her latest book 50 million.D. had reachedB. are C. was D. wereB. is C. am D. wereA. have reachedB

20、. has reachedC. are reaching21. The following some other mental diseases. A. being22. Not only you but also I able to help him out. A. are23. “ TheKites ” us a story of the kite s history.A. have told B. tells C. were told D. was told24. A teacher of English and class teacher us something about volu

21、nteer workers.A. are telling B. is telling C. are given D. were given25. Many a student something about Abraham Lincoln.A. have known B. knows C. is known D. are known26. You as well as heto blame（責(zé)備）for the accident （交通事故）.27. In the city the old A. take good care ofC. is taken good care ofA. areB.

22、 isC. haveD. hasB. are taken good care ofD. are been taken good care of28. Each of you responsible for the accident. A. am B. be C. is D. are29. Each man and woman the same rights.A .has B. haveC. hadD. is having30. Every means tried but without much result.A. has been B. have been C. are D is31. Ne

23、ither Tom nor his parents at home.A. isB. are C. has D was32. “twenty dollars a big sum to her? ” “ I suppose so.”A. Will be B. IsC. Are D. Were33. Many a student the importance of learning a foreign language.A. have realized B. has realize C. have been realizedD. has been realized34. The public gen

24、erous in their contributions to the earthquake victims.A. isB. wasC. areD. has been35. Cattle on the hillside.A. grazesB. is grazingC. was grazingD. were grazing36. Her politics neither conservative nor liberal.A. isB. areC. wasD. has been37. Mary is one of the girls who always on time.A. isB. amC.

25、areD. was38. is to attend our evening.A. both the singer and the dancerC. The singer or dancers39. Four-fifths of the crop .A. are ruinedB. was ruinedB. Either the singer or dancersD. The singer and dancerC. were ruined D. have been ruined40. Getting to other planets or to the moon m a ny problems.A

26、. involveB. involvesC. involvingD. to involve41. Tom is the only one of the stall members who to be promoted.A. is goingB. are going C. has been goingD. have been going42. Whisky and soda his favorite drink.A. isB. areC. wereD. have been賓補(bǔ)單選：1. There s a hole in your bag. I know, I m going to have i

27、t A. mend B. mendingC. men dedD. to be men ded2.1 found the doorwhe n I got home. A. ope nedB. close C. uni ock ingD. ope n3. The boy wan ted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him.A. not toB. not to do C. not doD. do not to4. With a lot of difficult problems, the n ewly-elected

28、preside nt is havi ng a hard time.A. settled B. settli ngC. to settle D. bei ng settled5A cook will be immediately fired if he is foundin the kitchen.A. smokeB. smok ingC. to smokeD. smoked6. To lear n En glish well, we should find opport un ities to hear En glishas much as we can.A. speakB. speak i

29、ngC. spoke nD. to speak7. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagueswith her stories.A. amusedB. amus ingC. to amuseD. to be amused8. Alexa nder tried to get his workin the medical circles.A. to recog nizeB. recog nizingC. recog nizeD. recog ni zed9. Liste n! Do you hear some on

30、e for help?(湖南)A. calli ngB. callC. to callD. called10. Hele n had to shout due to the rain storm.A. making herself hearC. making herself heard11. The accide nt is believedB. to make herself hearD. to make herself heardby the thick dark ness and the snow on the road.A. to be caus ingB. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused12. house price up by 200%, ordinary people cannot afford .A. AsB. ForC. WithD. Through13. The court hears about 120 cases a year; visitors are welc