LCD12864原理與應用(源程序+原理圖+proteus仿真)參考模板

1、LCD12864原理與應用 1、LCD12864簡介： LCD12864分為兩種，帶字庫的和不帶字庫的，不帶字庫的液晶顯示漢字的時候可以選擇自己喜歡的字體。而帶字庫的液晶，只能顯示GB2312字體，當然也可以顯示其他的字體，不過是用圖片的形式顯示。 下面介紹不帶字庫的LCD12864,以Proteus中的AMPIRE128×64為例，如下圖所示，它的液晶驅動器為KS0108。引腳功能：引腳符號狀態(tài)引腳名稱功能CS1，CS2輸入芯片片選端，都是低電平有效CS1=0開左屏幕，CS1=1關左屏幕CS2=0開右屏幕，CS2=1關右屏幕RS輸入數(shù)據(jù)/命令選擇信號RS=1為數(shù)據(jù)操作，RS=0為寫

2、指令或讀狀態(tài)RW輸入讀寫選擇信號R/W=1為讀選通，R/W=0為寫選通E輸入讀寫使能信號在E下降沿，數(shù)據(jù)被鎖存(寫)入液晶，在E高電平期間，數(shù)據(jù)被讀出 DB0DB7三態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)總線數(shù)據(jù)或指令的傳送通道RST輸入復位信號，低電平時復位復位時，關閉液晶顯示，使顯示起始行為0，可以跟單片機的復位引腳RST相連，也可以直接接VCC，使之不起作用V0液晶顯示器驅動電壓-Vout-10VLCD驅動負電壓 與帶字庫的液晶不同，此塊液晶含有兩個液晶驅動器，每塊驅動器都控制64*64個點，分為左右兩個屏幕顯示，總共為128*64個點（即有128×64個點）。這就是為什么AMPIRE128*64有CS1和C

3、S2兩個片選端的原因。此液晶有8頁，一頁有8行點陣點，左右各64列，共128列。如下圖所示：1 / 142、LCD12864中的幾條重要指令（一）行(line)設置命令:由此可見顯示的起始行地址為0XC0，共64行，有規(guī)律地改變起始行號，可以實現(xiàn)滾屏效果。（二）頁(page)設置指令:起始頁地址為0XB8，因為液晶有64行點，分為8頁，每頁就有8行點。（三）列(column)地址設置指令每塊驅動器的列地址都是從0X40到0X7F，共64列，所以此液晶共有128列點。（四）讀狀態(tài)指令3、用LCD12864顯示漢字（一） 由于這塊液晶不帶字庫，我們就要自己編寫字庫，編寫字庫所用的字模提取軟件為Zi

4、mo21(軟件下載地址字體選擇默認的“宋體，常規(guī)，小四號”，小四號為16*16大小，如下圖所示：LCD12864與單片機的連接如下圖所示：C程序如下：#include<reg51.h>#include<intrins.h>#define uchar unsigned char#define uint unsigned int/下面是“歡迎訪問伊人憔悴百度空間”點陣數(shù)據(jù)，一個漢字有32字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)組成unsigned char code huan= / 歡0x04,0x24,0x44,0x84,0x64,0x9C,0x40,0x30,0x0F,0xC8,0x08,0x08,0

5、x28,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x82,0x4C,0x20,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x06,0x18,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00;unsigned char code ying= /迎0x40,0x40,0x42,0xCC,0x00,0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x02,0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x20,0x1F,0x20,0x40,0x4F,0x44,0x42,0x40,0x7F,0x42,0x44,0x43,0x40,0x00;unsigned char

6、code fang= /訪0x40,0x40,0x42,0xCC,0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x89,0x8E,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x90,0x48,0x30,0x0F,0x00,0x40,0x80,0x40,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00;unsigned char code wen= /問0x00,0xF8,0x01,0x02,0x00,0xE2,0x22,0x22,0x22,0xE2,0x02,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0

7、x00,0x1F,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x1F,0x00,0x40,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00;unsigned char code yi= /伊0x00,0x80,0x60,0xF8,0x07,0x20,0x22,0x22,0xFE,0x22,0x22,0x22,0xFE,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x80,0x42,0x32,0x0F,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00;unsigned char code ren= /人0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

8、0xC0,0x3F,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x0C,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x0C,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00;unsigned char code qiao= /憔0xE0,0x00,0xFF,0x10,0x20,0x10,0xFC,0x27,0x24,0x25,0xFE,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x04,0x00,0x01,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x1F,0x29,0xC9,0x09,0x2F,0xC9,0x0

9、9,0x29,0xC8,0x00;unsigned char code cui= /悴0x80,0x70,0x00,0xFF,0x08,0x90,0x44,0x34,0x45,0x86,0x44,0x34,0x44,0x84,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0xFE,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00;unsigned char code bai= /百0x02,0x02,0xE2,0x22,0x22,0x32,0x2A,0x26,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0xE2,0x02,0

10、x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00;unsigned char code du= /度0x00,0x00,0xFC,0x24,0x24,0x24,0xFC,0x25,0x26,0x24,0xFC,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x04,0x00,0x40,0x30,0x8F,0x80,0x84,0x4C,0x55,0x25,0x25,0x25,0x55,0x4C,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00;unsigned char code kong= /

11、空0x10,0x0C,0x44,0x24,0x14,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x04,0x04,0x14,0x24,0x44,0x14,0x0C,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x7F,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x00;unsigned char code jian= /間0x00,0xF8,0x01,0x06,0x00,0xF0,0x12,0x12,0x12,0xF2,0x02,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x

12、11,0x11,0x11,0x1F,0x00,0x40,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00;sbit CS1=P20;/片選1,低電平有效，CS1=0開左屏幕，CS1=1關左屏幕sbit CS2=P21;/片選2，低電平有效，CS2=0開右屏幕，CS2=1關右屏幕sbit RS=P22;/數(shù)據(jù)，指令選擇信號，RS=1為數(shù)據(jù)操作，RS=0為寫指令或讀狀態(tài)（一般為讀忙標志）sbit RW=P23;/讀寫選擇信號，RW=1為讀選通，RW=0為寫選通sbit EN=P24;/讀寫使能信號void busy()/忙檢測函數(shù)P0=0X00; /這句不能少RS=0; RW=1;EN=1;while(P0

13、&0X80);/P0&0X80結果為真則一直執(zhí)行空操作，也就是說P0&0X80為0則結束循環(huán)EN=0;void wcmd(uchar cmd)busy(); /每次寫入指令或數(shù)據(jù)之前都進行忙檢測RS=0;RW=0;P0=cmd;EN=1;_nop_();_nop_();/在EN下降沿寫入數(shù)據(jù)和指令EN=0;void wdata(uchar dat) /寫命令和寫數(shù)據(jù)只在RS=0或RS=1上不同，其余都相同busy();RS=1;RW=0;P0=dat;EN=1;_nop_();_nop_();/在EN下降沿寫入數(shù)據(jù)和指令EN=0;void set_page(uchar

14、page)/設置頁，12864LCD共有8頁，每頁有8行點陣點。page=0xb8|page; /首頁地址為0XB8wcmd(page); /page取值范圍為07,表示第1到8頁void set_line(uchar line)/設置顯示的起始行，共有063行，一般從0行開始顯示line=0xc0|line; /起始行地址0XC0wcmd(line);/line取值范圍為063，表示第1到64行void set_column(uchar column)/設置顯示的列/column=column&0x3f; /列的最大值為0X3F，即64column=0x40|column; /列的首

15、地址為0X40,wcmd(column); /column的取值范圍為063，共64列void set_onoff(uchar onoff)/設置顯示開關，onoff取值為0或1onoff|=0x3e;/0X3E是關顯示，0X3F是開顯示wcmd(onoff);/所以若onoff為0，則表示關顯示，onoff為1，則表示開顯示void select_screen(uchar screen)/選屏，screen取值范圍為0,1,2switch(screen)case 0:CS1=0;CS2=0;break; /全屏case 1:CS1=0;CS2=1;break; /左半屏case 2:CS1=

16、1;CS2=0;break; /右半屏default:break;void clear_screen(uchar screen)/清屏uchar i,j;select_screen(screen);/先選屏for(i=0;i<8;i+)/控制頁數(shù)07，共8頁set_page(i);/設置頁set_column(0); /設置列，每頁都從第1列開始，共64列for(j=0;j<64;j+)/控制列數(shù)063，共64列wdata(0x00);/寫入0，列地址指針會自動加1 void init()/LCD初始化busy(); /忙檢測select_screen(0);/選屏，全屏set_o

17、noff(0);/關顯示select_screen(0); /選屏，全屏set_onoff(1); /開顯示select_screen(0); /選屏，全屏clear_screen(0); /清屏set_line(0); /起始行：0void show(uchar screen,uchar page,uchar column,uchar *p)/顯示一個漢字，一個漢字有32字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù) uchar i;/screen表示選擇屏幕，page表示頁，column表示列，*p表示漢字的數(shù)組select_screen(screen); /選屏set_page(page); /設置頁，寫上半頁set_col

18、umn(column);/設置列for(i=0;i<16;i+) /控制16列的數(shù)據(jù)輸出wdata(pi); /漢字的上半部分set_page(page+1); /寫下半頁set_column(column);/控制列for(i=0;i<16;i+) /控制16列的數(shù)據(jù)輸出wdata(pi+16); /漢字的下半部分void main()init(); /LCD初始化clear_screen(0); /清屏set_line(0); /顯示開始行/1表示左屏顯示，0表示從0頁開始顯示。因為一頁只有8行點，/而顯示一個漢字需要16行點（整屏有64行點），所以顯示一個漢字需要2頁/第0頁

19、顯示“歡”字的上半部分，第1頁顯示“歡”漢字的下半部分/2*16表示從第32列開始顯示，前面空出031列（即2個字的位置）show(1,0,2*16,huan);/歡/1表示左屏顯示，0表示從0頁開始顯示/3*16表示從第48列開始顯示，前面空出0477列（即3個漢字的位置）show(1,0,3*16,ying);/迎/2表示右屏顯示，0表示從0頁開始顯示/0*16表示從第0列開始顯示（即第一個漢字的位置）show(2,0,0*16,fang);/訪/1*16表示從第16列開始顯示，前面空出015列（即一個漢字的位置）show(2,0,1*16,wen); /問/左屏開，從第3頁（共8頁）第0

20、列開始顯示，即第3，4頁顯示”伊人憔悴百度空間“幾個字show(1,2,0*16,yi); /伊show(1,2,1*16,ren); /人show(1,2,2*16,qiao); /憔show(1,2,3*16,cui); /悴show(2,2,0*16,bai); /百show(2,2,1*16,du); /度show(2,2,2*16,kong); /空show(2,2,3*16,jian); /間while(1);4、用LCD12864顯示漢字（二）電路圖如下圖所示：C程序如下：#include<reg51.h> #include<intrins.h>#defi

21、ne uchar unsigned char#define uint unsigned int#define screen_on 0x3f /設置屏幕開關顯示，0x3f表示開顯示#define screen_off 0x3e /0x3e表示關顯示#define line 0xC0 /首行地址為0XC0#define page 0xb8 /首頁地址為0XB8#define col 0x40 /首列地址為0X40sbit CS1=P20 ; /*片選1*/sbit CS2=P21 ; /*片選2*/sbit RS=P22 ; /*數(shù)據(jù)/指令 選擇*/sbit RW=P23 ; /*讀/寫 選擇*/

22、sbit EN=P24 ; /*讀/寫 使能*/void delay(uint t) while(-t);uchar code dong= /*- 文字: 東 -*/*- 宋體12; 此字體下對應的點陣為：寬x高=16x16 -*/0x00,0x08,0x88,0x48,0x28,0x18,0x0F,0xE8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x11,0x09,0x05,0x41,0x81,0x7F,0x01,0x01,0x05,0x09,0x11,0x20,0x00,0x00;uchar code hua= /*- 文字:

23、華 -*/*- 宋體12; 此字體下對應的點陣為：寬x高=16x16 -*/0x20,0x10,0x08,0xFC,0x03,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x7F,0x88,0x88,0x84,0x82,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x05,0x04,0x04,0x04,0xFF,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00;uchar code li=/*- 文字: 理 -*/*- 宋體12; 此字體下對應的點陣為：寬x高=16x16 -*/0x04,0x84,0x84,0xFC,0x84,0x84,0x00,0xFE,0x

24、92,0x92,0xFE,0x92,0x92,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x60,0x20,0x1F,0x10,0x10,0x40,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x7F,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x40,0x00;uchar code gong=/*- 文字: 工 -*/*- 宋體12; 此字體下對應的點陣為：寬x高=16x16 -*/0x00,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x3F,

25、0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x00;uchar code da=/*- 文字: 大 -*/*- 宋體12; 此字體下對應的點陣為：寬x高=16x16 -*/0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0xFF,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x0C,0x03,0x00,0x03,0x0C,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x80,0x00;uchar code xue=/*- 文字: 學 -*/*- 宋體12; 此字體

26、下對應的點陣為：寬x高=16x16 -*/0x40,0x30,0x11,0x96,0x90,0x90,0x91,0x96,0x90,0x90,0x98,0x14,0x13,0x50,0x30,0x00,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x44,0x84,0x7E,0x06,0x05,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00;void busy()/狀態(tài)檢查，LCD是否忙P0=0X00;RS=0;RW=1;EN=1;while(P0&0X80);EN=0; void wcmd(uchar cmd) /寫命令函數(shù) busy();/檢測LCD是否忙RS=0;RW=0;P0=cmd;EN=1;_nop_();_nop_();EN=0;void wdata(uchar dat)/寫數(shù)據(jù)函數(shù)與寫命令函數(shù)只在RS=1或RS=0上不同，其余都相同 busy();/檢測LCD是否忙RS=1;RW=0;P0=dat;EN=1;_nop_();_nop_();EN=0;void init()/初始化LCDdelay(100);CS1=1;/剛開始關閉兩屏CS2=1;delay(100);wcmd(screen_off);/關屏幕顯示，0X3E表示關顯示，0X3F表示開顯示wcmd(page);/設置頁地址，首頁地址為0XB8wcmd(line