過(guò)去分詞的用法

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上過(guò)去分詞的用法1. 過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)She is interested in the interesting book. 2. 過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)1）過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)既可以放在所修飾的詞之前，作前置定語(yǔ)，也可以放在所修飾的詞后面，作后置定語(yǔ)。其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。例如：Where are the reserved seats? （=Where are the seats which have been reserved?）預(yù)定的座位在哪里？區(qū)別：This is a pressing problem. （=This is a problem which is pr

2、essing.）這是一個(gè)緊迫的問(wèn)題。2）過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)可分為限制性（緊跟在所修飾的中心詞之后）和非限制性（用逗號(hào)與其所修飾的中心詞分開(kāi)）兩種，其作用分別相當(dāng)于一個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。例如：The funds raised （= which have been raised） are mainly used for helping the homeless.籌集的資金主要用來(lái)幫助那些無(wú)家可歸的人。區(qū)別：There are many students waiting （= who are waiting）to get examined. 有許多學(xué)生在等待檢查。This book，

3、written （= which is written） in simple English，is suitable for beginners.本書(shū)是用淺顯的英語(yǔ)寫的，適合初學(xué)者。3）過(guò)去分詞常和形容詞、副詞或名詞構(gòu)成合成形容詞作定語(yǔ)。例如：The newly-built building is our office building.這座新建的大樓是我們的辦公樓。區(qū)別：The flower-carrying girl must be waiting for someone.那位手持鮮花的姑娘一定在等人。4）有些不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，并不表示被動(dòng)而是表示完成。常作前置修飾語(yǔ)。例如：

4、There are a lot of fallen leaves in autumn.秋天有許多落葉。The film describes the story about the police who pursue an escaped man.這部電影描述的是警察抓逃犯的事。常用的這一類詞有：fallen， faded， returned， retired， risen， grown up， vanished等。3. 過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1） 跟過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：catch，have get，keep，hear，find，feel，leave，make，want，start， noti

5、ce，observe，watch，set等。例如：When they returned home from the holiday， they found their house stolen.We want this work finished quickly.我們要求這項(xiàng)工作很快完成。2）在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中，用現(xiàn)在過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，形成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系；用過(guò)去過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，表示賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。例如：There was so much noise that the speaker couldn't make himself heard.由于

6、十分吵鬧，講話人沒(méi)法讓人聽(tīng)到他的聲音。When he awoke，he found himself being looked after by an old woman.他醒來(lái)的時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)一位老大娘正在照顧他。4. 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)1）過(guò)去分詞或過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以表示時(shí)間、原因、讓步、條件、方式或伴隨狀況。通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句；表示方式或伴隨狀況的可以轉(zhuǎn)換成并列句或非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。例如：Confined to bed （= Because she was confined to bed），she needed to be waited on in everything.她臥病在床，

7、什么事都需要人伺候。（作原因狀語(yǔ)）區(qū)別：Having only book knowledge （= If you only have book knowledge），you will not be able to work well.如果只有書(shū)本知識(shí)，你就不可能做好工作。（作條件狀語(yǔ)）They stood there，waiting for the bus. （=They stood there and waited for the bus.）（作伴隨狀語(yǔ)）2） 現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的用法比較不管是現(xiàn)在過(guò)去分詞還是過(guò)去過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，如果單獨(dú)作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須和主句的主語(yǔ)一致。過(guò)去分

8、詞作狀 語(yǔ)通?？梢赞D(zhuǎn)換成一個(gè)相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句，如果狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，就用過(guò)去過(guò)去分詞；如果狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，就用現(xiàn)在過(guò)去分詞。有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，過(guò)去分詞前可帶連詞when，while，if，though，as if，unless等一起作狀語(yǔ)，以便使句子的意思更清楚、更連貫。例如：Defeated （= Though he was defeated）， he remained a popular boxer.雖然他被擊敗了，但他仍然是一個(gè)受人喜愛(ài)的拳擊手。區(qū)別：Working hard （If you work hard）， you will succeed.如果你努力，你

9、會(huì)成功的。5. 過(guò)去分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)1）過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，要特別注意其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)一致。否則，過(guò)去分詞必須有自己的主語(yǔ)，這種帶主語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞被稱為過(guò)去分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。在句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間、原因、條件等。例如：The project finished，they had a two weeks' leave.完成那個(gè)計(jì)劃后，他們休了兩周假。He being absent，nothing could be done.由于他缺席，什么事也沒(méi)法干。2） 獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)也可以用“with/ without + 名詞（或代詞的賓語(yǔ)）+ 過(guò)去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示伴隨狀況。例如：They

10、 sat there silently，（with） their eyes fixedon the lake.他們靜靜地坐在那里，眼睛看著湖面。區(qū)別：With him helping me，I felt lucky.有他的幫助，我感到很幸運(yùn)。溫馨提示：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題三大步驟：辨別“謂語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)”；找邏輯主語(yǔ)；分析時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)一、選擇1 The problem just is an important one Ato be referred to  Breferred to  Creferring to  Dreferred2The water in

11、 this glass is too hotI prefer some cold water Ato boil  Bhaving boiled  Cboiled  Dboiling3The story was so that all of us were to tears Amoving; moving  Bmoved; moved  Cmoved; moving  Dmoving; moved4She was very glad to see her child well  Atake care of&

12、#160; Btaken care of  Cto take care of  Dtaking care of5 He had his leg in the football match yesterday Ato break  Bbroken  Cbreak Dbreaking6With the job, they went to the cinema Adoing    Bdo      Cto do     D

13、done7With the boy the way, the soldiers managed to walk through the forest Ato lead   Bled   Cleading   Dto be leading8 The captain placed the flag over the boy, only his face uncovered Aleft    Bbe left   Cto be left  

14、Dleaving9_many times, but he still couldn't understand it ._many times, he still couldn't understand it .A. Having been told B. Being told C. He had been told D. Though he was told 10. _ a hot day, wed better go swimming. _ _ a hot day. Wed better go swimming.A、being B. to be C. It was D. It

15、 being 二、填空 1. He told me about the things （discuss）at the meeting2.I found my daughter quite （interest）in drawing3. （enter）the theatre, I saw him seated  in the first row4I still remember _ (take) to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.5_ (bring) up by his grandparents, Jimmy wasn&

16、#39;t used to living with his parents.6He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _ (feel) easy in his classes.7I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good _ (breathe)8He was busy writing a story, only _ (stop) once in a while to smoke a cigarette.9Ev

17、ery evening after dinner, if not _ (tire) from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.10We all look forward to _ (hear) from you soon.Don't keep us _ (wait) for long.三、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1(1)_ (turn) to the left, and you'll see the bus stop.(2)_ (turn) to the left, you'll see the bus stop.2(1)As

18、he _ (be) an engineer, he knew how to run the machine.(2)_ (be) an engineer, he knew how to run the machine.3(1)Weather _ (permit), we'll go and pay a visit to your school.(2)If weather _ (permit), we'll go and pay a visit to your school.4(1)We don't allow _ (smoke) in the office because

19、 of the public health.(2)We don't allow anyone _ (smoke) in the office because of the public health.5(1)The _ (frown) girl was deeply puzzled by the question.(2)The girl who _ (frown) was deeply puzzled by the question.6(1)_ (succeed) in the tournament, he still feels unsatisfied.(2)Though he _

20、(succeed) in the tournament, he still feels unsatisfied.四、語(yǔ)法填空Once upon a time, there was a boy who used to explore jungle for fun. It was his daily routine _1_(walk) around the jungle. One day, when walking through the jungle, he saw a thirsty old man who asked for some water. The boy wanted to hel

21、p him, but he had no water, so he moved on. While leaving, he imagined _2_ (get) some water for the old man. Moving further, he saw a hungry old woman _3_ (beg) for food. She was so weak that she couldnt even stand on her feet. The boy looked everywhere nearby, but couldnt find any food _4_ (give) t

22、o her, so he moved on again. _5_ (feel) very guilty, the boy went deep inside the jungle where he saw a family who need some matches to light a fire. The boy happened to have _6_ (collect) some matches that morning. _7_ (offer) his matches, he helped the family prepare food for their family members. In return, the family offered him some food and water _8_ (take) back with him. The boy happily accepted the food and water, and hurried back to the old man and woman. Both the old man and woman were surprised to see the boy _9_ (carry) so